Is there any connection between the theory of relativity and satellite positioning systems?

Everyone listens to the words of the so-called experts, thinking that without the theory of relativity, GPS will not be able to accurately locate, thinking that the theory of relativity has been verified again, but this is a big lie, the truth is the opposite, not only GPS does not need the theory of relativity to correct the clock speed, moreover, GPS is falsifying the theory of relativity every day.

First, let's talk about why GPS doesn't have to worry about clock speed. Let's assume that the satellite clock is 100 seconds faster than the Earth clock, so will the positioning error of the mobile phone be to Mars? You may not understand the lofty theories of scientists, but it doesn't matter at all, because we know that when satellites give us mobile phone positioning, we don't need our mobile phone time to be accurate at all, that is to say, when multiple base stations on the ground locate satellites, satellites also don't need accurate time to know their exact location, it only requires time synchronization between ground base stations.

In the same way, after the satellite obtains its own position, as long as the time between the satellites is synchronized, no matter how big the difference with the ground clock is, it will not affect the positioning of the mobile phone.

In fact, this is a simple mathematical problem, when the mobile phone receives multiple satellite time, you can find your position through multiple equations, even if you don't understand, as long as you know that there is no atomic clock in your broken mobile phone, positioning does not need ground time is enough. Since GPS doesn't need relativistic correction, why doesn't the correction affect the positioning accuracy? The reason is very simple, satellite positioning needs time synchronization between satellites, so no matter how it is adjusted, as long as it is synchronized, it will not affect the positioning accuracy.

Even if the correction of the theory of relativity is dispensable, how can it be said that GPS falsifies the theory of relativity? This is from the point of view of the coordinate system used in GPS positioning, because the earth has rotation, so the speed of light in the east and west directions is different, the coordinate system used by GPS is centered on the center of the earth, and the coordinate system that does not rotate is the theoretical premise, in this coordinate system, the speed of light is isotropic, that is, only in this system, the speed of light is C.

In the same way, if the diameter of the sun is very large, and the edge reaches the earth, and the linear velocity of the sun's edge is equal to the earth's rotational velocity, then the GPS coordinate system on such a sun should not be the coordinates of the center of the sun, which does not rotate? So wouldn't the sun man on the surface of the sun find that the speed of light in the east and west directions is different, with a difference of 60 kilometers per second? Wouldn't the McMoe experiment be a zero result?

Everyone should understand why GPS falsifies the theory of relativity!

The theory of relativity provides GPS with the required correction of GPS GPS satellite timing signals to provide information on latitude, longitude and altitude, and accurate distance measurements require accurate clocks.

Satellite positioning systems are based on the theory of relativity.

There are very important connections and interdependence.

Because of the theory of relativity, satellite positioning makes sense.

I don't think the theory of relativity has a lot of applications in this regard, it's a very advanced theory.

It provides GPS with the required corrected GPS GPS timing signals for GPS satellites to provide latitude, longitude and altitude information.

The theory of relativity is a relatively advanced theory, and it is not very widely used at present.

Everything is relative, there are no absolutes.

There must be a lot of connection between the two.

Correction of GPS GPS satellite timing signal to provide latitude.

As the title says, I believe you would never have imagined that the GPS global positioning system we come into contact with every day will have something to do with the theory of relativity.

Let's not discuss whether GPS really has anything to do with the theory of relativity, but the fact is that the atomic clock on GPS satellites is slowed down by microseconds per day before it goes into orbit.

According to the special theory of relativity, time expands, that is, slows down. According to the general theory of relativity, gravity causes the curvature of space-time, and the greater the gravitational force, the slower the time, and conversely, the smaller the gravitational force, the faster the time.

It is easy to find that the GPS system perfectly conforms to both the special theory of relativity and the general theory of relativity, so does the theory of relativity have any impact on the design of GPS? Or is there a theory of relativity in the design of GPS? After all, if the theory of relativity is correct, then there will definitely be an impact on the clock on GPS.

To answer the above questions, let's first make it clear that without the theory of relativity, would the GPS system be possible? The answer is yes, GPS systems will also be studied.

Our engineers are a very powerful group of people, can't they develop GPS systems without the theory of relativity? It's impossible. Just like the atomic bomb, you can't make an atomic bomb without the theory of relativity?

This is false, even without the theory of relativity, atomic bombs can be made, and the theory of relativity is only a theory to explain its power.

In the same way, GPS satellites slow down the clock before launch, and it is impossible to calculate it according to the theory of relativity, and smart engineers will surely find that there is an error between the clock on the GPS and the ground clock, and they will be left to a fixed systematic error that accumulates over time. No, although they may not know the physical reason behind this error, they usually introduce a number of tunable parameters, find the exact value of this error through statistical curve fitting, and eliminate this error through various technical means.

So, does the GPS system have anything to do with the theory of relativity? Is the slowing down of the clock a relativistic effect? There was a time when there was a heated debate in the scientific community about the relationship between the theory of relativity and the Global Positioning System (GPS), but even today there is no accurate answer to this question.

However, in this heated discussion, the scientific community also reached some corresponding consensus, that is, even if the theory of relativity does have a certain effect on GPS satellites, this effect is also minimal. Because the GPS satellite speed (<4 km/s) is extremely slow relative to the speed of light, the cumulative position error of 38 microsecond days is not more than 15 centimeter days, and the GPS satellite corrects its position information and clock time every day, only between clock calibrations, the satellite time information depends on the satellite's own atomic clock.

Well, I didn't expect that the GPS that I often use would be related to something as lofty as the theory of relativity, right? Therefore, there is no science everywhere around!

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to GPS.

GPS) satellites as an example

GPS satellites carry atomic clocks.

They time their hits with extreme accuracy, with an error of no more than 1 in 10 trillion, that is, no more than 10 nanoseconds per day (1 nanosecond equals 1 billionth of a second), and constantly transmits radio signals to report time and orbital position ......

GPS satellites orbit the Earth at a speed of 14,000 kilometers per hour. According to the special theory of relativity.

When an object is in motion, time slows down, and the faster the movement, the slower time becomes. Therefore, when looking at GPS satellites on Earth, the clocks they carry are relatively slow, and using the formula of special relativity, it can be calculated that they are about 7 microseconds slower per day.

GPS satellites are located in space about 20,000 kilometers above the ground. According to the general theory of relativity.

The existence of the mass of matter causes the bending of time and space, and the greater the mass and the closer the distance, the more bent it will be, and the slower time will be. Affected by the mass of the earth.

The space-time on the Earth's surface is more curved than the space-time where GPS satellites are located, so that the clock on GPS satellites will travel faster from Earth, and it can be calculated using the formula of general relativity that it is about 45 microseconds faster per day.

After taking into account both special and general relativity, GPS satellite clocks are about 38 microseconds faster per day, which may seem insignificant, but if we consider that the time accuracy that GPS systems must achieve is in the nanosecond range, the error is significant (38 microseconds equals 38,000 nanoseconds). If it is not corrected, the GPS system will accumulate a positioning error of about 10 kilometers per day, which is useless. For this reason, before the GPS satellite is launched, it is necessary to slow down the movement frequency of its clock by 10 billionths and adjust the megahertz to the megahertz ......See.

The early training and preparation time of the satellite is not accurate. Because in the theory of relativity, time is not absolute, and the time of land destruction is different due to different velocities. For satellites to ground objects are in motion, so if the relativistic calibration is not considered, the time on the satellite and the time on the ground will be different, which means that the clock on the satellite is not accurate.

This can be fatal for some precise control and measurement.

Discipline: Surveying and Mapping Science and Technology.

Title: Xiang Honghe pair positioning.

English: Relative PositioningInterpretation: Satellite positioning with simultaneous fiber observation on multiple stations to determine the relative position between stations.

In order to determine the three-dimensional or two-dimensional coordinate difference between the measuring stations, the carrier phase measurement can achieve high-precision relative determination and destruction of the car position.

After reading a few answers, I felt that they were not accurate, so I couldn't hold back and stood up and said it briefly. GPS is not an application of the theory of relativity, and the correction of the theory of relativity is only a systematic error correction term with little impact in the satellite clock error and precession. The GPS system has two main uses, to drop 5 bombs in the same hole - for positioning purposes (it can also be seen that the military target accuracy was in the meter level when this system was designed), and the relativistic influence on the target accuracy is negligible.

The high-precision surveying-level positioning derived from the main application uses the differential observation and rent-matching method to eliminate the error of the satellite clock, and does not need to consider the influence of relativity (it is directly bypassed). Secondary use, timing (don't know the timing precision, skip it, if you want to be accurate enough to calculate the relativity of the influence of the addition of corrections is also easy). GPS positioning is to observe and observe the known point from the unknown point to determine the coordinate orientation of the unknown point (the professional term is called the rear rendezvous of the RESECTION), the observation measurement is the unknown point, the distance from the GPS you hold to the satellite with known coordinates (the satellite transmission is based on the satellite clock clock signal, in fact, it is a long-term encrypted signal number), and the handheld GPS receiver calculates the distance according to the time delay after receiving the signal number = delay * speed of light).

Theoretically, receiving four satellite signals can solve the receiver coordinates, x y z and error terms (there are n kinds of errors, but single-point positioning kneaded them together, think about this accuracy is not high), but because the quartz clock error level on the GPS is at the level of ten minus six seconds, the settlement accuracy will be very poor, about five or six meters of plane accuracy (general car navigation). That's why when you're driving, GPS tells you to turn when you cross an intersection. <>

Absolute positioning refers to the satellite positioning that determines the coordinates of the Earth's centroid of the survey site. In order to determine the three-dimensional coordinates of the station in the geocentric coordinate system, both pseudorange measurement and carrier phase measurement can be used, but the latter can achieve higher accuracy than the former.