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It was a test of Japan against China, and it was also the beginning of Japan's invasion of China... From the history of the First Sino-Japanese War, it can be seen that Japan had been prepared for a long time... As for the main reason, it is nothing more than the word profit, think about how much wealth Japan gained through this war at that time.
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After the Meiji Restoration, Japan's national strength grew stronger, and it was eager to expand its power outward, and formulated the "Policy of Conquering the Qing Dynasty", setting a clear goal for the struggle for Korea and the invasion of China.
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After the reform, the Japanese bourgeoisie needed to expand and plunder resources from abroad.
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After the Meiji Restoration, Japan became very powerful.
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The fundamental reason for the outbreak of the First Sino-Japanese War was that Japan wanted to implement a "mainland policy" centered on aggression against China and develop its economy through foreign expansion.
The immediate cause of the outbreak of the First Sino-Japanese War was the Donghak uprising in Korea.
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1.Lack of foresight: At the critical juncture when Japan was pouring all its strength into expanding its armaments and the danger of war was looming, the Qing Dynasty instead relaxed its national defense construction, cut its military budget on the grounds of financial constraints, and stopped purchasing ** from 1888 onwards, and stopped allocating funds for equipment and ammunition for the navy in 1891.
2.Before provoking this war, Japan's wartime base camp formulated a "general operational policy" that took into account the overall planning of the navy and army.
Its strategic goal was to engage in a decisive battle with the Qing army on the Zhili Plain in China, defeat the Qing army, and force the Qing to submit. On the Chinese side, there was no clear strategic policy and operational plan before the war. In terms of strategic planning, Japan has already taken the lead.
3.Equipment disadvantage: In the Battle of the Yellow Sea in which the two sides fought for sea supremacy, the Qing army met the Japanese army with inferior forces (two ships of more than 3,000 tons and 10 ships of less than 3,000 tons, 8 ships of more than 3,000 tons and 4 ships of less than 3,000 tons).
Limited by the technical conditions of the first fierce grip, the effective firing distance of Beiyang ** does not exceed 3,000 meters, while the Japanese **Yoshino, which is equipped with a new rangefinder, can reach an effective range of 5,000 meters. The Japanese army was also armed with new rapid-fire guns.
4.Partisan strife: In the late Qing Dynasty, the relationship between the Qing faction, led by Emperor Guangxu's mentor Weng Tongyi, and the Westernist faction led by Li Hongzhang deteriorated.
In order to limit Li Hongzhang's rights during the First Sino-Japanese War, the Qing faction invited Emperor Guangxu to transfer Li Bingheng, who had a conflict with Li Hongzhang, to serve as the governor of Shandong. Li Bingheng, a native of Liaoning, and Weng Tong are close friends, and also belong to the Qing rumor, during the First Sino-Japanese War, he opposed Li Hongzhang everywhere, and all kinds of strange excuses did not send reinforcements, so that Liugong Island became an isolated island, and finally fell after experiencing tragic resistance.