The classification of ruins, what are the ruins in China

Chinese ruins include: Longmen Grottoes, Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, Yungang Grottoes, Dazu Rock Carvings, the Great Wall of China, etc.

1. Longmen Grottoes.

Longmen Grottoes is located in the Yique Gorge 6 kilometers south of Luoyang City. Because it is located in the south of the capital, the ancient emperor intended himself as the "true dragon son", so it is also called "Dragon Gate".

2. Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang.

The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang is the mausoleum of the first emperor in Chinese history, Qin Shi Huang, also known as Lishan Mausoleum. The Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit is the burial pit of the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, located 1,500 meters east of the cemetery. Its large scale, many burial pits, and rich connotation make it the crown of the emperor's mausoleum in the past dynasties.

3. Yungang Grottoes.

Yungang Grottoes is located at the southern foot of Wuzhou Mountain, 17 kilometers away from the western suburbs of Datong City, Shanxi Province, northern China. There are 45 main caves, 252 large and small cave niches, more than 51,000 stone statues, it is one of the ancient grottoes of China's larger scale, and the Mogao Grottoes of Dunhuang, the Longmen Grottoes of Luoyang and the Maijishan Grottoes of Tianshui are called the four major grotto art treasure houses of China.

4. Dazu stone carvings.

Dazu stone carving is a bright pearl in the treasure house of Chinese grotto art, standing side by side with Yungang Grottoes and Longmen Grottoes, and is the same name as Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, which is the representative of stone carving art in Bashu area, and is also an excellent representative of late Chinese grotto art. It is the culmination of Chinese grotto art, which pushes Chinese grotto art to a new peak, makes important contributions to the innovation and development of Chinese grotto art, and is a model of secularization and life of late grotto art.

5. The Great Wall.

The Great Wall, also known as the Great Wall, is a military defense project in ancient China, which is a tall, strong and continuous long wall to limit the movement of enemy cavalry. The Great Wall is not a simple isolated city wall, but a defense system with the city wall as the main body and a large number of cities, barriers, pavilions and beacons.

Located in Lajia Village, Guanting Town, Minhe County, Qinghai Province, the Lajia site is a large settlement site in the Neolithic Age, known as the "Pompeii of the East".

Since 1999, a joint archaeological team composed of the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the Qinghai Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology has excavated the Lajia site. There are various types of ancient cultural sites in the pre-rock period and the Bronze Age, such as the Miaodigou period, the Majiayao culture, the Qijia culture and the Xindian culture. There is a ditch in the slag oak on the periphery of the central area of the site, the ditch is 10 meters wide and 3 4 meters deep, and the ditch surrounds a rectangle, 600 meters long and 200 meters wide, and there are rows of semi-crypt houses in it.

3 have been excavated, the ground, the four walls are smoothed with white ash, the circular stove pit, there are 2 14 people in the room, and pottery, stone, jade finished and semi-finished products, jade materials and so on have been unearthed.

The Lajia site is a prehistoric site, which was announced as one of the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units in 2001 and one of the top ten archaeological discoveries in China in 2002. At the beginning of August 2015, in the Qinghai Lajia Ruins Museum, the remains of the sudden scene about 4,000 years ago when the mother guarded her children and returned to rescue her relatives were completely preserved.

The first archaeological culture named after a site in Chinese archaeology is the Yangshao culture. Yangshao culture refers to an important Neo-Stone Age painted pottery culture in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, which is distributed in the middle reaches of the Yellow River from Ganranzaoshou Province to Henan Province, and was discovered in 1921.

Thousands of cultural sites have been found in China, such as Qujialing culture, Longqiu culture, Zhoukoudian culture, Dingcun culture, Xiaonanhai culture, Yangshao culture, Dawenkou culture, Hemudu culture, etc.

Archaeological culture, taking the famous Yangshao culture as an example, is named after the Yangshao village that was first discovered in Mianchi, Henan. Archaeological culture is used to denote the community observed in archaeological remains.

Archaeological culture refers to the synthesis of relics and relics in the same historical period, which are not transferred by distribution location, and the same tools, utensils, and manufacturing techniques are the characteristics of the same culture.

The first site named after the site was the Yangshao culture, which became the first ancient cultural system to be officially named in the history of Chinese archaeology. It marks the birth of Chinese prehistoric archaeology and modern Chinese archaeology. It opens the first page of the history of field archaeology in China, so that the study of the Neolithic period can be extended to the Paleolithic and Bronze Ages, and a new era in the history of modern archaeology in China is opened.

It laid a normative foundation for other Neolithic cultures that were later discovered and named, and played a precedent role; It brings the latest information to the study of Chinese history. The discovery of Yangshao culture had a great impact on the study of ancient history of China at that time, and the study of Chinese prehistory had a reliable physical basis.

The historical position of Yangshao culture:

Yangshao culture has a significant position in the history of Chinese archaeology and the history of world archaeology. Yangshao culture has opened the first page of Chinese Neolithic archaeology, the first page of Chinese archaeological research, the first page of Chinese primitive society research, and written a new chapter in the history of Chinese field archaeology, which is an epoch-making milestone.

Thirdly, the study of Yangshao culture is of great significance to the study of the history of Chinese civilization. In the era of Chinese legends, the history books recorded the Yan Emperor, the Yellow Emperor, the Emperor and other tribes, but due to the suspicion of the wilderness, the source of the history of Chinese civilization is still unclear. With the discovery of many Yangshao cultural sites, the underground remains have verified the correctness of the historical records.

Therefore, the study of Yangshao culture is of great significance for reconstructing ancient history and exploring the source of Chinese civilization. The Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties project has clarified China's 5,000-year history, and the Chinese civilization exploration project will push Chinese history forward by another 1,000 years, and the most important part of these 1,000 years is the Yangshao cultural period.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia - Yangshao Culture.