The story of the ancient mathematician, the rush and the hurry!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 10

That's a lot! Ruzu Chongzhi invented! Calculations

The story of a mathematician - Zu Chongzhi.

Zu Chongzhi (429-500 AD) was a native of Laiyuan County, Hebei Province during the Northern and Southern Dynasties of China He read many books on astronomy and mathematics since he was a child, and he was diligent and studious, and practiced hard, which finally made him an outstanding mathematician and astronomer in ancient China

Zu Chongzhi's outstanding achievement in mathematics is about the calculation of pi Before the Qin and Han dynasties, people to"Trail three times a week"As pi, this is"Ancient rate"Later, it was found that the error of the paleorate was too large, and the pi should be"The circle diameter is more than three days", but how much is left, opinions differ Until the Three Kingdoms period, Liu Hui proposed a scientific method for calculating pi"Circumcision", use the circumference of the circle inscribed regular polygon to approximate the circumference of the circle Liu Hui calculates that the circle is inscribed with 96 polygons, and obtains =, and points out that the more sides of the inscribed regular polygon, the more accurate the value obtained Zu Chongzhi on the basis of the achievements of his predecessors, after hard work, repeated calculations, found In between and and obtained the approximate value in the form of fractions, taken as the approximate rate , taken as the dense rate, where the six decimal places are taken, it is the fraction of the closest value of the numerator denominator within 1000 What method did Zu Chongzhi use to get this result, Now there is no way to examine if it is assumed that he will press Liu Hui's"Circumcision"If you want to find this method, you have to calculate that the circle is connected with 16,384 polygons, which requires a lot of time and labor! It can be seen that his tenacious perseverance and intelligence in his scholarship are admirable Zu Chongzhi's calculation of the dense rate, it has been more than a thousand years since foreign mathematicians achieved the same result In order to commemorate Zu Chongzhi's outstanding contributions, some foreign historians of mathematics have suggested that = be called"Ancestral rate"．

Zu Chongzhi read the famous classics at that time, insisted on seeking truth from facts, he compared and analyzed a large number of materials from his own measurement and calculation, found the serious errors of the past calendar, and had the courage to improve, and at the age of 33, he successfully compiled the "Ming Calendar", opening up a new era in the history of the calendar

Zu Chongzhi also worked with his son Zu Xuan (also a famous mathematician in China) to solve the calculation of the volume of the sphere with ingenious methods One of the principles they adopted at that time was:"If the power potential is the same, the product cannot be different"That is, two three-dimensional dimensions located between two parallel planes are truncated by any plane parallel to these two planes, and if the areas of the two cross-sections are constantly equal, then the volume of the two three-dimensional dimensions is equal This principle is called Cavaleri's principle in Spanish, but it was discovered by Cavaleri more than a thousand years after Zu In order to commemorate the great contribution of Zu's father and son in discovering this principle, everyone also calls this principle"The principle of ancestry"．

When Gauss was in elementary school, once after the teacher taught addition, because the teacher wanted to rest, he came up with a problem for the students to calculate, the topic was:

The teacher was thinking to herself, now the children must be counted as the end of class! I was about to excuse myself when I was about to excuse myself to go out, but I was stopped by Gauss!! It turns out that Gauss has already calculated, do you know how he calculated, kid?

There are 100 100 added up, but the equation is repeated twice, so dividing 10100 by 2 gives the answer equal to <5050>

Since then, Gauss's learning process in primary school has already surpassed other students, which has laid the foundation for his future mathematics and made him a math genius!

There are many short stories of famous mathematicians and folk math stories in the Math Review.

Once upon a time there was an old man whose three sons gathered around his bed as he was dying.

He said to his sons, "I have seventeen horses for you, three for them." When dividing the horses, the boss has the most effort, getting one-half of the total; the second, one-third of the total; The third child is the youngest, and you, you will take one-ninth of the total. ”

After barely saying these few words, the old man died. When the three brothers executed their will, they agreed that the horses were the beloved of their father during his lifetime, and that they should never be divided into several pieces. But how is it good to have a will be fully complied with?

Coincidentally, at this time, their old lady came on horseback, and after hearing the reason, he raised his eyebrows and said, "I'll divide it." ”

Guess what, how does the old lady divide the horses?

Because it is hoped that each person will get a whole number of horses, according to the will, when dividing horses, the number of horses should be a common multiple of the three denominators. The least common multiple of the denominator is 18, so it is best to divide the total number of horses in a multiple of 18. The old man left 17 horses for his sons, and the old lady temporarily lent one of the horses he brought to make up the number, and a total of 18 horses participated in the distribution.

When it was ready, the old lady began to read and execute the will

…When dividing the horses, the boss has the most effort, getting one-half of the total; At this point, the old lady counted out 9 horses and asked the boss to lead them:

the second, one-third of the total; Reading this, the old lady counted 6 horses and asked the second child to lead them:

The third child is the youngest, and you, you will take one-ninth of the total. After reading the last sentence, the old lady counted out 2 horses and asked the third to lead them:

The sum of the horses that the three juniors got was exactly 17 left by their father:

Of the 18 horses on the field, there is now the last one left, which is of course the one that the old lady brought and borrowed temporarily, and it is still returned to its original owner.

The younger brother has a bad temper, and the mantra is: Charge him three seven twenty-one! I think he's too tough, but I don't want to hurt the peace.

The baby is in kindergarten middle class, Chinese New Year's Eve, relatives and friends sent a lot of candy, the younger brother promised her: you count the sugar, as long as you count correctly, no matter three seven twenty-one, ten yuan a piece! She counted all afternoon:

She didn't hesitate: 21! I said:

Okay, then you peel them out one by one and put them in a bowl, give them to your uncle, and take 210 yuan for the New Year's money. He began to peel again. It was almost finished when Zhao Benshan came out.

Xiao Fang was a carpenter, but he was very arrogant, and one day, the master asked him, "The table has 4 corners, I cut off one, how many are left?" "Xiao Fang said 4-1 = 3, three. The master told him that there were 5 of them.

One is: Xiao Ming takes the stairs, 2 steps per step and the remaining 1 step; 3 steps per step, and the remaining 2 steps; 5 steps per step, and the remaining 4 steps; Take 7 steps per step to complete it. How many steps does this staircase have at least?

Question 1; The total plus 1 is a multiple of 2, 3, 5, which is a multiple of 30. Then we take 1,2,3,4 times and try to find the multiple of 7, and get 4 times of 30 -1 is a multiple of 119 and a multiple of 7, so it is 119 order.