Can you help me find materials about Lao She s image of the citizen?

The citizen shape of Lao She.

Elephants are divided into four categories, the image of the old-school citizen, the image of the new-school citizen, the image of the ideal citizen, and the image of the urban poor.

The image of the urban poor is the fourth category.

The image of the urban poor is dominated by the middle and lower class people in Beijing, such as the commoners or the poor, such as those who pull carts, sell vegetables, sew pulp and wash clothes, prostitutes, beggars, and so on.

The image of the old-school citizen, the image of the new-school citizen, and the image of the decent citizen are also called the ideal citizen image and the image of the urban poor.

1. The image of old-school citizens: stubbornly continuing the traditional view of rural China. They are burdened with heavy feudal patriarchal thoughts, and their attitude towards life and lifestyle are very "old-school", and filial piety is chaotic and closed.

2. The description of the new school characters is mainly about their vanity, shallowness, and depravity, which contains reflection and criticism of Western civilization, including the new wave introduced after the May Fourth Movement;

3. The image of a decent citizen is mainly aimed at exploring a way out of China's cultural transformation, so cultural criticism and cultural choice have a certain enlightenment color. The urban poor.

Combined with Lao She** pair"Civic World"Talk about the uniqueness of Lao She's artistic perspective?

Culture" has an impact on human nature and human relationships. (1) The image description of the old-school citizen contains Lao She's writing and nostalgia for the virtues contained in the traditional culture itself, which is a tearful criticism and lamentation. Including Lao Ma ("Zao Yu Erma"), Brother Zhang ("Divorce"), Old Lady Qi, Qi Ruixuan ("Four Worlds in the Same Hall").

2) The image of the new-school citizen is a degenerate image that blindly "pursues the new", blindly pursues the "Western-style" life style, and loses its personality. is a group of "Hutong gentlemen", such as Zhang Tianzhen in "Divorce". Lao She's comic depictions contain reflections and criticisms of Western civilization, including the "New Wave" introduced after the May Fourth Movement.

3) The image of a decent citizen was not successful. Implicit in it is the pursuit of ideals that transcend the ills of both tradition and modern civilization. Including Li Jingchun ("Zhao Ziyue"), Li Zirong ("Two Horses") and so on.

4) The image of the urban poor runs through the critique of capitalist civilization. Including Xiangzi, Xiaofuzi ("Camel Xiangzi"), Sha Zilong ("Broken Soul Gun"), Fang Baoqing ("Drum Book Artist") and so on. The civic world contains Lao She's critique of the negative elements of Beijing and the entire Chinese traditional culture, as well as the caution and even rejection of foreign culture.

The situation of the mother and daughter in "Crescent Moon" reflects Lao She's unique judgment on the ideological trend of personality emancipation from the position of the low-level poor.

Lao She is known as the "iron pen" and "holy hand" that describes the life of Beijing citizens, and is the most outstanding performer and critic of civil society in the history of modern Chinese literature. His art world not only encompasses almost all aspects of citizens' lives, but also relies on his cultural consciousness and rational vision to achieve an artistic summary of the national character and national destiny in the excavation of civil society, and reveals the essential connotation of a certain era and society. First of all, in his rich and vivid pictures of civil society, there are many distinctive and imminent citizen figures, who are in different strata of civil society, and have a certain connection with each other, forming a series of images composed of old-fashioned citizens, Western-style citizens, ideal citizens and low-level citizens.

Among them, the old-school citizens are the most successful and artistically infectious, such as Lao Ma, Niu Lao, Qi Lao, Brother Zhang, etc., all of whom have conservative and numb, forbearant and servile character traits. Lao She portrayed them in order to criticize the traditional feudal culture. Western-style citizens are the "deformed children" produced in the intersection of Chinese and Western cultures, they are deeply rooted in the essence of the pursuit of comfort and pleasure in the local culture, and in order to grasp the money worship in Western civilization, and as a result, they have become seemingly Western-style but vulgar degenerate characters, such as Lan Xiaoshan, Zhang Tianzhen, Qi Ruifeng, Ding John, Guan Zhaodi, etc.

The ideal citizens are the national models created by Lao She, and they are either chivalrous figures such as Li Jingchun, Ding Erye, and Qian Moyin, or Confucian figures such as Sun Shoubei and Mr. Cao. Its spiritual characteristics all reflect the ideals of classical Chinese culture, and also reflect that Lao She's construction of ideal citizens with traditional morality is not profound and realistic enough. The low-level citizens are the most described characters in Lao She's pen, and he writes about Xiangzi, Xiaofuzi, and Sun with deep compassion.

7. The painful struggle and tragic fate of Xiao Cui. In addition, Lao She's characters all live in the special customs of Beiping, which makes this art world full of strong "Beijing flavor". He set up many places for the middle and lower classes to live, such as teahouses, miscellaneous courtyards, food stalls, "white houses", hutongs, and ......All of them have the local color of Beijing.

As for the many place names and buildings in Beijing, the bustle and prosperity of Beijingers during the Duanyang Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival show Lao She's familiarity with Beijing and a certain sense of root-seeking. Here, the folk customs, festivals and etiquette of the ancient capital are dizzying. However, Lao She not only writes about customs for the sake of writing about customs, he not only pays attention to the experience of life and plays with people, but also focuses on excavating the traditional cultural psychology and feudal ethics accumulated under the customs.

He discovered the characteristics of food and etiquette in Beijing culture, represented by the Qiren culture-"those who have money are really exquisite, and those who have no money are poor". This kind of customs and culture that emphasizes vanity and courtesy, eating, drinking, and enjoying pleasure will inevitably lead to the distortion and degeneration of the national character and the sinking of the national spirit. On the soil of such customs and habits, not only will there be ignorance and cruelty, but people will even face the national calamity, but only know how to entertain themselves, indulge in drunkenness, and steal their lives.

Therefore, Lao She's writing about Beijing's customs and customs not only contains rich aesthetic charm and folk value, but also has profound and sensitive cultural criticism and practical significance.