Can any of you explain Einstein s theory of relativity in plain language and with examples?

Einstein's theory of relativity.

Explain in layman's terms what the theory of relativity is about.

Einstein's theory of relativityThe simple explanation isEinstein's theory of relativity has dramatically changed mankind's "common-sense" conception of the universe and nature, proposing "simultaneous relativity".Four-dimensional space-time", "bending space-time" and other completely new concepts, it developedNewtonian mechanicsto push physics to the next level.

Traditionally, in the early days of Einstein's theory of relativity, the question of whether or not the question involved a non-inertial frame of reference was discussed.

as a special and general theory of relativity.

Classification of signs. With the development of the theory of relativity, this method of classification has become more and more disadvantageous—the frame of reference is with the observer.

Relatedly, dividing physical theories into such relative physical objects is considered to be incapable of reflecting the essence of the problem.

Einstein's achievements

After reading the author's "Heroic Genealogy of Relativity", I believe that people should no longer hold such a concept. Physics is a river of ideas, such as the theory of relativity, the depth and breadth of the theoretical system of modern physics, the depth and breadth of which determine that the cause that created it is far beyond the ability of a single genius.

This should almost be obvious. However, it is true that there have long been claims that Einstein alone was responsible for at least the establishment of the general theory of relativity, and for a long time the author believed this argument to be true.

After skimming through the content of the theory of relativity and reading the classic literature on the corresponding content, the author has come to the conclusion that the theory of relativity is a romantic Latin culture and a rigorous German.

The product of cultural integration, in a sense, the former seems to deserve a greater proportion.

Einstein, who was born in southern Germany, lived with his parents in northern Italy for a time, and completed his secondary and university education in Switzerland and took his first steps in research, was undoubtedly deeply influenced by both cultures.

The fundamental mistake of Einstein's Theory of Relativity is to treat volatility as inertia and to equate volatility with inertia.

Einstein's Theory of Relativity had a misleading effect on philosophy and scientific research. Misled by the Theory of Relativity, many absurd conclusions have been introduced. Such as "slow clock", "space-time bending", "universe large**", "black hole", "gravitational waves", "space-time travel", "four-dimensional space", etc.

The theory of relativity is a theory about space-time and gravity, mainly founded by Albert Einstein, and can be divided into special relativity and general relativity according to the different objects of his research. The theory of relativity and quantum mechanics revolutionized physics, and together they laid the foundations of modern physics.

The theory of relativity has greatly changed mankind's "common-sense" concept of the universe and nature, and has put forward new concepts such as "simultaneous relativity", "four-dimensional space-time", and "curved space-time".

Nowadays, however, there is a new understanding of the classification of physical theories - to distinguish classical and non-classical physics according to whether their theories are deterministic, that is, "non-classical = quantum". In this sense, the theory of relativity remains a classical theory.

Explain in layman's terms what the theory of relativity is about.

Albert Einstein created the theory of relativity, which is of great significance, but not many people understand it. He thought that there were only 12 people who really understood the confrontation of Xiangzi Hall at that time.

In order to explain his theory of relativity, Einstein made a number of interesting explanations. A woman once asked him, "Do you really believe that your theory of relativity is true?"

Albert Einstein said, "Of course I do, but I'll have to wait until I'm a hundred years from now." The woman asked

So what's going to happen? He humorously replied: "At that time, if I was good, the Germans would say that I was German, and the French would say that I was *; If I'm wrong, the Germans will say I'm *, and the French will say I'm German.

And then they're using my theory of relativity. ”

Once, a middle-aged man asked Albert Einstein to explain his world-famous theory of relativity. Einstein was very sincere in explaining this man in mathematics, but unfortunately this person did not understand mathematics, so Einstein had to explain the theory of relativity in a different way and in very simple language, but this person still did not understand. Finally, Einstein asked the man if he had a mother-in-law, and the man said:

Yes. So the genius scientist was delighted and said, "That's it."

Let's say you've just had a two-week honeymoon and your mother-in-law comes and stays with you for two weeks in the third week. The two weeks before and after are the same, but you feel very differently, and that's the theory of relativity. ”

A scientist went to visit Albert Einstein, and when he walked into his lab, Einstein was prostrate on the ground, seemingly making a move. The scientist thought that he was testing the principle of relativity, so he did not alarm him, but only paid attention to **, and then Einstein crawled for a while, and suddenly said to the visitor: "Sir, can you help me?"

I've lost one of my bills! ”

When Albert Einstein was lecturing at Princeton University, on the eve of the summer vacation, a student asked him if he had any new discoveries recently, and he was forced to say, "I have made a discovery that the shortest distance between West Point is from the beginning of the summer vacation to the end of the summer vacation. As soon as these words came out, all the students burst into laughter.

To put it simply, special relativity studies the spatiotemporal relationship between different inertial frames of reference (which can be simply thought of as frames of reference that do uniform linear motion or stationary). Unlike Newton's absolute view of space-time, which separates time and space, special relativity unifies time and space into space-time, and time and space are no longer absolute in different inertial frames of reference, but are related to inertial frames of reference.

General relativity is actually a theory of gravitation, which has a wider scope of application than Newton's law of universal gravitation. According to the general theory of relativity, objects with mass bend the surrounding space-time, so that the objects moving in it tend to be close to each other, which is the essence of gravitational attraction between objects.

Principle. Equivalence principle: It is divided into weak equivalence principle and strong equivalence principle, and the weak equivalence principle holds that the kinetic effects of the inertial force field and the gravitational field are locally indistinguishable.

According to the strong equivalence principle, the "kinetic effect" is elevated to "any physical effect". It should be emphasized that the equivalence principle is only true for local inertial frames, and not necessarily for non-local inertial frames.

In the special theory of relativity, if we try to define an inertial frame, there will be an endless loop: in general, the coordinate system of an object that is not subject to external forces and does not change in its state of stationary or uniform linear motion is an inertial frame; But how to determine that an object is not subject to external force can only be that the object is not subject to external force when the object remains at rest or the state of uniform linear motion remains unchanged.

Albert Einstein once said that if you sit with a beautiful woman, you will feel that time flies, but if you sit with an ugly woman, you will feel that time is unbearably slow, and this is the theory of relativity. The motion of an object is relative and depends on the frame of reference you take. The measure of time and length in each frame of reference for relative motion is not the same.

For example, Cuba's Robles broke Liu Xiang's world record in the 110-meter hurdles some time ago, but those in a spaceship moving close to the speed of light relative to the Earth will think that he did not break the record, and those on the spacecraft measured that he would have taken longer to reach the finish line. This is because in frames of reference that move close to the speed of light, the measure of time becomes longer. In the same way, if you are wearing 25 cm shoes, the length of the shoes you are wearing by someone on a spaceship may only be 20 cm.

Another point is that the high-speed motion does not change the simultaneity of the event, and the two cars that reach the end at the same time appear to arrive at the same time on the ship. However, the order in which events occur at different times may be reversed, and the people on the ship may see that you eat the apple first, and then see the apple fall to the ground.

To put it simply, use a popular algorithm (in junior high school physics): if you fly forward at half the speed of light and observe another beam of light.

That beam of light should be half the speed of light.

This is not consistent with the experiment.

Light always moves only at the speed of light.

Even if you run forward at the same speed as that light.

That light is not still relative to you.

The answer to Einstein's formula is the speed of light.

This formula also brings the strange result that the faster the movement, the shorter the length, the slower the time, and even the e=mc*c can be deduced

But these seemingly impossible results were proved by experiments that observed the motion of particles at high speeds, and Einstein's formula was demonstrated.