How to understand Kant s statement about aesthetic judgment .

KantThe basic point of view of aestheticsThe main troubles should be concentrated in "On the Sense of Grace and the Sublime" andCritique of JudgmentIn these two works.

The former mainly analyzes the different characteristics of grace and sublimity: grace is what we usually call beauty, small, harmonious, and makes people feel love and pity; The sublime is so great that it is invisible, "magnificent", which makes people feel intimidated and frightened, even terrifying, so Kant makes it "terrible sublime", which is often associated with morality.

Kant's aesthetic thought is mainly manifested in three fields, one is in the analysis of beauty, the second is in the analysis of the sublime, and the third is in the discussion of artistic beauty.

The beautiful and the sublime are the two basic categories of Kant's aesthetic thought, and in his later masterpiece of aesthetics, Critique of Judgment, the analysis of aesthetic judgment is still handled according to this model of dividing the celebration into two. He proposes four characteristics of connoisseurship (i.e., aesthetics): (1) it is pleasurable, but without any interest; (2) it is universal but not a concept; (3) it is purposeful, but purposeless (purposeless purposefulness); (4) It is subjective, but with a sense of necessity (Kant proposes here the "important concept of the sense of commonality").

In the second part of the Critique of Judgment, Kant discusses teleology.

Judgment. This is an important part of Kant's aesthetics, which has not been noticed by the aesthetic community in China for a long time.

Aesthetics is a special form of human understanding of the world, which refers to the formation of a non-utilitarian, figurative and emotional relationship between man and the world (society and nature). Aesthetics is the knowledge of the existence of the world in the intellect and emotion, subjective and objective.

Aesthetics is to have "review" and "beauty", in this phrase, "review" as a verb, it means that someone must be "reviewing", and there is a subject involved; At the same time, there must also be "beauty" that can be judged, that is, aesthetic objects or objects. Aesthetic phenomena are based on the aesthetic relationship between man and the world, and are phenomena in the relationship between aesthetic relations. Beauty is the beauty that belongs to people, and aesthetic phenomena are phenomena that belong to people.

The aesthetic disinterest theory refers to a doctrine about beauty and the nature of aesthetics. The representative figure is Kant. The aesthetic perception or experience obtained by an individual in aesthetic activities has nothing to do with the practical utilitarian value of the aesthetic object, and has nothing to do with any desire and utilitarian concept of the subject.

Kant believed that "beauty is a pleasant object without all interests", and only when people consciously look at an object with a disinterested attitude, can he produce aesthetic perception and obtain aesthetic pleasure. Kant believed that "disinterestedness" was the first element of aesthetic judgment. It has had a profound impact on modern Western aesthetic theory.

This proposition is considered to be an important feature of aesthetic attitude, an important sign that distinguishes aesthetic perception from ordinary perception, and a sign that distinguishes modern aesthetics from traditional aesthetics. Treating everything with a disinterested attitude is the most essential characteristic of all aesthetic perceptions.

Aesthetic unification refers to the psychological process of aesthetics, in which the aesthetic subject organizes and synthesizes the current content of aesthetic perception with his or her past knowledge and experience, so as to understand the aesthetic information more clearly. It not only embodies the characteristics of general psychological unity, but also has its own unique properties.

It is not a general connection between the present and the past perceptual experience, but a wholehearted integration to transform, reproduce and develop the newly acquired perceptual experience, creating an artistic image of the integration of scenes and the sameness of objects and self, reflecting the artist's life experience, emotional will and ideological character.

Everyone's aesthetic is different, and there is no interest relationship.

Everyone's opinions are different, and the standards for treating things are also different, and they need to be different from person to person.

Everyone's vision is different, and beauty or ugliness has nothing to do with interests.

Everyone's way of understanding is different, and there is also a different aesthetic vision.

Kant believed that beauty is the object of pleasure without all interests, and this personal feeling cannot be generalized.

Beauty is the beauty that belongs to people, and aesthetic phenomena are normal phenomena that belong to people.

There is no real difference between beauty and ugliness, but everyone's aesthetics are different, which distinguishes beauty and ugliness.

Everyone's aesthetic vision is different, so it is impossible to understand it.

I think aesthetics is just a personal vision, it's just a personal opinion, and it has nothing to do with good or bad.

Aesthetic imagery is essentially created by the human imagination, which is a creation that is higher than empirical nature.

Aesthetic judgment has neither objective nor subjective purpose". The reason why there is no subjective purpose is because if there is a subjective intention and demand in aesthetics, it will lead to a sense of interest and harm, and it cannot be called an aesthetic judgment.

The reason why there is no objective purpose is that aesthetic judgment is not an understanding of the nature and function of an object, nor is it a logical judgment or an epistemic judgment.

Kant's aesthetic thought is mainly concentrated in two works, On the Sense of Grace and the Sublime, and The Critique of Judgment. The former mainly analyzes the different characteristics of beauty and sublimity: beauty is what we usually call beauty, small, harmonious, and makes people love and pity; The sublime is a "magnificence" so great that it is invisible, which makes people fearful, even terrifying, so Kant makes it a "terrible sublime", which is often associated with morality.

The beautiful and the sublime are the two basic categories of Kant's aesthetic thought, and in his later masterpiece of aesthetics, Critique of Judgment, the analysis of aesthetic judgment is still handled according to this bifurcated model. He proposes four characteristics of connoisseurship (i.e., aesthetics): (1) it is pleasurable, but without any interest; (2) it is universal but not a concept; (3) it is purposeful, but purposeless (purposeless purposefulness); (4) It is subjective, but with a sense of necessity (Kant proposes here the "important concept of the sense of commonality").