What is the understanding of public policy program evaluation?

A brief description of the methodology of public policy evaluation is as follows:

1) Cost-benefit analysis method.

Cost-benefit analysis is a method of comparative analysis of the costs invested and the benefits achieved in the whole process of policy operation. When using the cost-benefit analysis method to evaluate the policy effect, the cost-utility curve can be used.

There are three evaluation criteria that are commonly used: annihilation.

1.When the benefits are equal, the solution with the lower the cost, the better.

When the benefit reaches E2, the benefit of scheme A is consistent with that of scheme B, the cost is c0, and when the cost is less than c0, scheme A is better than scheme B; When the cost is greater than c0, scheme B is preferable to scheme A.

2.When the costs are equal, the more effective the solution, the better.

In this case, when the cost is C1, scheme B is invalid, and scheme A is optimal. When the cost is equal to C0, A and B achieve the same benefits, and in the long run, it is better to adopt the B scheme.

3.The greater the benefit-to-cost ratio, the better.

When the benefit and cost are not limited, the maximum difference between benefit and cost can be taken. The horizontal axis x represents different selection systems, and the vertical axis y represents the intersection of the two cost-benefit curves of benefit and cost at points p and q, and the cost is greater than the benefit below or above point p, so it is not considered. Only between p and q are sought to maximize the value of the benefit to the cost exceeded.

In the figure xo, the excess of benefit to cost is the largest, or the ratio of benefit to cost is the largest.

2) Before-and-after comparison method.

The before-and-after comparison method is to compare the relevant situation before and after the implementation of the policy, and this method can be divided into four ways:

1. Simple "before and after" comparative analysis.

A simple comparative analysis of "before and after" is to first determine the value that can be measured by the public policy object after accepting the role of public policy, and then subtract the value measured by the street before the effect. A1 represents the value before the implementation of the policy, and A2 represents the value after the implementation of the policy, so A2-A1 is the effect of the public policy.

2. Comparative analysis of "projection - post-implementation".

Trend lines based on the circumstances leading up to the implementation of the policy; A1 is a projection of the trend line extrapolated to a certain point in time after the implementation of the policy, representing what would have happened without the policy; A2 is the actual situation after the implementation of the policy, and this method is to compare point A1 with point A2 to determine the effect of the public policy.

The criteria for public policy evaluation include productivity criteria, efficiency criteria, efficiency criteria, fairness criteria, and policy responses.

Public policy evaluation refers to a series of activities in which the public policy evaluation subject evaluates or judges the quality, efficiency, and effect of the policy system, policy process, and policy results according to certain policy evaluation standards and procedures, with the purpose of improving the public policy system, improving the quality of public policy decision-making, and ensuring the realization of failed policy goals.

The evaluation system and the evaluation process are the two main aspects of public policy evaluation, the former is the carrier of public policy evaluation and the basis of the evaluation process. The latter is a series of activities to evaluate public policies according to the evaluation system, and the two are unified in the practice of public policy evaluation.

Since the beginning of the 21st century, performance evaluation, planning evaluation, policy evaluation, third-party evaluation and other evaluation activities have been in the ascendant, and have increasingly become a major system and effective method to standardize behavior and improve efficiency.

In China, the practice of performance evaluation and policy evaluation has been carried out for more than ten years, especially the performance evaluation activity, which has become the core content of public management practice in recent years.

However, compared with the practice of management, the theoretical research of evaluation lags behind, and the research on performance evaluation, policy evaluation and planning evaluation does not form a good synergy of theoretical research, and the theoretical research on policy evaluation and planning evaluation is particularly insufficient.

Public policy evaluation is an important part of the public policy process, and it is also a weak link in the theoretical research and practical application of public policy in China.

Policy evaluation is the process and result of the evaluation or judgment of the policy subject on the object of policy evaluation according to the policy evaluation criteria and in a certain political and economic system environment.

The public lead policy evaluation is based on certain evaluation criteria.

Activities that examine the various stages and links of the public policy process, and test and evaluate the policy outputs and policy impacts through relevant evaluation procedures to determine the extent to which the policy outcomes meet the needs, values and opportunities of the target group.

The role of public policy evaluation.

1.Policy evaluation is an important tool to provide reliable and effective information on the operation of policies.

2.Policy evaluation is an important basis for making policy adjustments and making policy recommendations.

3.Policy evaluation is a necessary way to test the results of policies.

4.Policy evaluation is the basic premise for reallocating policy resources.

5.Policy evaluation is about building good public relations.

effective strategies.

6.Policy evaluation is a necessary guarantee for scientific and democratic management.

Public policy evaluation refers to the evaluation and research of the effectiveness, efficiency and substance of public policies through certain procedures and methods according to certain value standards and factual standards. Here are some of the characteristics of public policy evaluation:1

Publicity: Public policy evaluation is to safeguard the public interest of society and ensure the effective implementation and optimization of public policies, so it has the characteristics of publicity. 2.

Value pluralism: Public policy rental evaluation needs to be evaluated according to different value standards, including human rights, equality, freedom, efficiency, justice, etc., so it has the characteristics of value pluralism. 3.

Objectivity: Public policy evaluations need to be based on factual standards and scientific methods to ensure the objectivity and reliability of assessment results. 4.

Comprehensive: Public policy evaluation requires a comprehensive assessment of the procedural and substantive aspects of public policy to produce comprehensive and accurate assessment results. 5.

Phases: Public policy evaluation needs to be evaluated according to the different stages of public policy development to determine the effectiveness and feasibility of public policies. 6.

Pertinence: Public policy evaluation needs to evaluate public policies in a specific period of time to determine whether they are suitable for the actual situation and needs of the time, and put forward corresponding suggestions for improvement. 7.

Openness: The evaluation of public policies needs to be open to the opinions and suggestions of all sectors of society, so as to promote the optimization and improvement of public policies.

Characteristics of public policy evaluation include:

1.Multi-dimensional: Public policy evaluation needs to consider multiple dimensions, such as economic, social, environmental and other factors.

2.Empirical: Public policy evaluations need to be supported by scientific research methods and data to ensure that the evaluation results are objective and reliable.

3.Periodicity: Public policy evaluations need to be conducted on a regular basis to assess the effectiveness of policy implementation and adjust policy direction.

5.Transparency: Public policy evaluation needs to be open and transparent, so that the public can understand the process and results of the evaluation, and enhance the credibility of the policy. Fight big.

6.Practicality: Public policy evaluation needs to provide actionable suggestions according to the needs of policy practice and promote the optimization and improvement of policies.

The public policy evaluation process includes the evaluation of the collection, the preparation of the assessment, and the evaluation of the implementation.

Evaluate the preparation phase. Thorough preparation is the basis and starting point of the assessment, and it is also a prerequisite for the successful implementation of the assessment. The main tasks of this stage are: to determine the target of the assessment, to formulate the assessment plan, and to prepare the evaluation conditions.

Evaluate the implementation phase. This is the most important stage of the entire policy evaluation exercise. Its main task is to use various survey methods to comprehensively collect information on all stages and links of the policy process, and on this basis, to carry out a systematic collation, evaluation and summary stage.

This is the stage where the results of the assessment are processed and the evaluation report is written.