What are the usual economic instruments for low carbon transition

Low-carbon employment is concentrated in six economic sectors: renewable energy, construction, transportation, basic industry, agriculture and forestry.

The development of a low-carbon economy has a significant positive impact on employment. In the process of industrial restructuring and the transition to a low-carbon economy, we should pay attention to protecting the legitimate rights and interests of workers and minimize the negative impact of the environment on employment; Promote the development of green economy through human resource development. While protecting the environment to the greatest extent, measures should be taken to control the unemployment rate within a socially acceptable range, and the unemployment rate should not rise and the income level of workers decline due to the development of green employment, which will aggravate the unemployment problem or even exceed the economic and social tolerance.

By actively promoting the development of low-carbon economy and employment, we will ultimately achieve environmentally and socially sustainable economic growth.

The development of a low-carbon economy should grasp the following four principles: 1. Pay full attention to its impact on employment 2. Adopt the principle of categorical promotion 3. Equal emphasis on industrial policy, environmental protection policy and employment policy 4. Low-carbon industry promotion policy needs to adjust low-carbon and environmental protection employment itself.

The low-carbon pathway includes urban planning and design characterized by low emissions, high energy efficiency, and high efficiency in the process of industrialization and urbanization (low-carbon cities). Local** and financial sectors drive technological innovation and capital flows through policy incentives and financing support, and promote effective low-carbon technologies.

Fiscal and tax incentives for renewable energy. Fiscal and tax policies for energy conservation and emission reduction. Carbon tax.

In the first paragraph of page 154 of the book "Low-carbon Economy Training Course" published by China Engaged Press.

There are three differences:

1.The assessment indicators are different. The low-carbon economy includes environmental and resource needs in the assessment, not only the previous economic growth rate;

2.The driving forces that support economic development are different. The low-carbon economy emphasizes technological progress, taking science and technology as the core of the driving force of economic development, followed by capital and labor. Hand orange.

3.Development goals are different. The goal of low-carbon economic development is to enhance sustainable development, mainly emphasizing the sustainable development of resources and the environment, and the previous economic development goal is to obtain economic growth and profits, so that some short-term and high energy consumption are possible.

Extended Materials. 1. The economic model represents the essential characteristics of the overall nature in the operation of economic subjects, so it usually has a generalization and highly summarizes the basic properties of the economy; It is also holistic, describing a whole, not a part; It is also linked, indicating that the content is organically linked to each other and is not isolated. The contents of the basic management system and the main operating principles of the socio-economic system include:

Ownership structure, interest structure, organizational structure, information structure, decision-making structure and adjustment structure, etc. Polish economist F. Bruce theorized that there were four models of a socialist economy: the military-communist model; a highly centralized planned economic model, or centralized model; the planned economic model that combines planning and the market, or the decentralized model; A highly decentralized market-based planned economic model, or market socialist model.

Second, the development of the world economy shows that there is no fixed set of economic models, and that all countries can create economic models that are compatible with them and conducive to promoting economic development at different stages of development in accordance with the requirements of the development of productive forces and in light of their own national conditions. The purpose of China's ongoing economic structural reform is to thoroughly break with the old, rigid, and malfunctioning planned economic model that seriously constrains the development of the productive forces, and to establish a new market economic model that is full of vigor and vitality and promotes the rapid development of the productive forces.

Third, there are many different types and lessons learned from the economic model, such as the current depressed Northeast model. The main reason for the failure of the Northeast model is the rigidity of the system, and it is shown in the reform and governance of state-owned enterprises that the Northeast model cannot be used as a reference, because the Northeast model depends on state-owned enterprises, and in the end it will be like the Northeast in a depression. The monotonous economic situation and the impermanence of the climate have made Northeast China lose its competitiveness, and it is necessary to develop and build a cultural industry system and multi-field development and construction planning.

Summary. 1. Matter determines consciousness, and consciousness is the reflection of objective things in the human brain. This requires us to persist in proceeding from reality in everything we do when thinking about problems and doing things, so that subjectivity conforms to objectivity.

China's per capita resources are small, and even the global environmental problems faced by all countries in the world in the process of economic development, etc., all these objective facts determine that China should develop a low-carbon economy.

2. Consciousness has an active role in matter, and correct consciousness can guide people to effectively carry out practical activities and promote the development of objective things. Practice has proved that the ideological understanding of developing a low-carbon economy is conducive to the sustainable development of China's economy, is a concrete embodiment of the scientific outlook on development, and is conducive to the development of the world economy and the progress of human society. Therefore, China should develop a low-carbon economy.

3.As a new economic development model, low-carbon economy has attracted more and more attention from various countries, and many countries and regions have incorporated low-carbon economy into national development strategies and plans. From the point of view of economics, the root cause of the low-carbon economy is the scarcity of energy resources and environmental resources, in order to effectively solve this resource constraints, we must carry out technological innovation, which is the essence of the low-carbon economy, of course, only technological innovation can not guarantee the smooth development of the low-carbon economy, but also need to have corresponding.

The market instruments adopted by countries in the low-carbon transition are mainly as follows:

1. Matter determines consciousness, and consciousness is the reflection of objective things in the human brain. This requires us to persist in proceeding from reality in everything we do when thinking about problems and doing things, so that subjectivity conforms to objectivity. China's per capita resources are small, and even the global environmental problems faced by countries around the world in the process of economic development, etc., all these objective facts determine that China should develop a low-carbon economy.

2. Consciousness has an active effect on matter, and the correct consciousness can guide people to effectively carry out practical activities and promote the development of objective things. Practice has proved that the ideological understanding of developing a low-carbon economy is conducive to the sustainable development of China's economy, is a concrete embodiment of the scientific outlook on development, and is conducive to the development of the world economy and the progress of human society. Therefore, China should develop a low-carbon economy.

3.As a new economic development model, low-carbon economy has attracted more and more attention from various countries, and many countries and regions have incorporated low-carbon economy into national development strategies and plans. From the point of view of economics, the root cause of the low-carbon economy is the scarcity of energy resources and environmental resources, in order to effectively solve this resource constraints, we must carry out technological innovation, which is the essence of the low-carbon economy, of course, only technological innovation can not guarantee the smooth development of the low-carbon economy, but also need to have corresponding.

1. Resource use efficiency mechanism 2. Contract energy management mechanism 3. Greenhouse gas emissions trading 4. Renewable energy quota system.

Low-carbon development is an economic behavior, which should be guided by economic measures. In today's world, there are three main types of economic means commonly used in the development of low-carbon economy in Huaida countries: fiscal and tax incentive policies for renewable jujube energy, fiscal and tax policies for energy conservation and emission reduction, and carbon tax.

The economic means commonly used by major countries in the world in the process of developing a low-carbon economy are nuclear shouting banquet ().

a.Fiscal and tax reduction policies for fossil fuels.

b.Preferential fiscal and tax policies for energy conservation and reduction of silver rows.

c.Fiscal and tax incentives for renewable energy.

d.Implement a cavity carbon tax.

Correct answer: BCD

The low-carbon economy is based on low consumption, low pollution and low emissions, and is different from the previous economic model through the transformation of energy technology, industrial structure and values around the world. At present, many countries are trying to change the traditional economic growth model, promote technological and institutional innovation, and achieve sustainable economic, social and ecological development by advocating a low-carbon economy and low-carbon life. The path of low-carbon economy has become an inevitable choice for mankind, which is the only way to achieve sustainable development of human society.

First, the development of a low-carbon economy is a historical inevitability.

1) Developing a low-carbon economy is an inevitable choice to get out of the environmental dilemma.

2) The development of a low-carbon economy is people's outlook for the future economic development model.

2. The development status of low-carbon economy in developed countries.

In the context of the historical development tasks of industrialization and urbanization, developed countries are looking for ways to promote the sustainable development of mankind, and the low-carbon economy is proposed and practiced at this historical moment. The low-carbon economic development path of developed countries has been relatively perfect, and the experience is relatively comprehensive, which is worthy of our summary and reference.

1) Have a sound legal system and strict behavioral norms for a low-carbon economy.

2) Formulate detailed implementation rules and put in place support measures for a low-carbon economy.

3) Form a strong enforcement mechanism with a clear interest orientation.

3. The development of a low-carbon economy in China.

In recent years, the low-carbon economy has achieved great development in China. The improvement of relevant policies, the improvement of low-carbon laws and regulations, and the deep-rooted concept of low-carbon are all favorable conditions for us to further develop a low-carbon economy. At the same time, we must also be soberly aware that in addition to the many favorable conditions for the development of a low-carbon economy, there are also great challenges.

It can be said that the development of a low-carbon economy in China is a combination of opportunities and challenges.

1) Favorable conditions for the development of a low-carbon economy in China.

2) Challenges facing the development of low-carbon economy in China.

Fourth, China's path to developing a low-carbon economy.

From the perspective of international trends and China's national conditions, the development of a low-carbon economy is imperative and an inevitable historical trend. However, it is also a great challenge for our country, a painstaking and long-term process of practice and innovation, and an arduous process of social transformation. Only by following the law of economic and social development and the law of development of the ecological environment, and drawing on the experience and achievements of developed countries in developing a low-carbon economy, and based on China's basic national conditions, can China promote the development of a low-carbon economy and embark on a successful road of low-carbon economy with scientific development.

1) Raise low-carbon awareness.

2) Establish a sound legal system and implementation mechanism for the development of a low-carbon economy.

3) Actively encourage technological innovation and increase capital investment.

4) Seek international cooperation and jointly explore the path of low-carbon economic development.

In short, China should actively respond to the low-carbon economy, "strive to establish a production mode and consumption mode that is compatible with the low-carbon economy, and accelerate the construction and improvement of the international and domestic policy and legal system for the development of the low-carbon economy", so as to finally realize the arrival of the era of low-carbon economy in China and make China truly a harmonious society with economic society, man and nature.