What are the commonly used materials for automobiles? What are the materials used in cars?

The materials used to make automobiles are divided into metallic materials, non-metallic materials, and composite materials.

1. Metal materials: steel, aluminum, magnesium alloy.

2. Non-metallic materials: ceramics, plastics.

3. Composite materials: fiber-reinforced ceramics, fiber-reinforced metals.

The vast majority of automobile body shells: metal materials, steel plates, carbon fiber, aluminum, reinforced plastics, etc., different materials for different purposes of automobile shells and different parts.

The body structure of the automobile mainly includes:

Body shells, doors, windows, front sheet metal parts, interior and exterior body trim parts and body accessories, seats, ventilation, heating, air conditioning, air conditioning devices, etc. Trucks and special purpose vehicles also include trunks and other equipment.

The body shell is the installation basis of all body parts, usually refers to the rigid space structure composed of the main load-bearing elements such as longitudinals, beams and pillars, as well as the sheet parts connected with them.

The body materials include steel plate, carbon fiber, aluminum, reinforced plastic, etc., and the materials of different parts of the car shell and different parts are different for different purposes. Generally, it is steel plate, carbon fiber, and reinforced plastic.

The main role of the car body is to protect the driver and create a good aerodynamic environment. A good body not only brings better performance, but also reflects the personality of the owner. In terms of form, the automobile body structure is mainly divided into two types: non-load-bearing type and load-bearing type.

The car with non-load-bearing body has a rigid frame, the vibration of the frame is transmitted to the body through the elastic elements, most of the vibration is weakened or eliminated, the frame can absorb most of the impact force when the collision occurs, and the body is protected when driving on a bad road, so the deformation of the compartment is small, the stability and safety are good, and the noise in the compartment is low. Hope to adopt, thank you!

There are more materials, iron, aluminum alloy, carbon fiber, and even titanium alloy. There are more iron and aluminum alloy bodies in the market, and the aluminum alloy body is still relatively good.

Steel, aluminum body, titanium alloy, plastic, carbon fiber and other materials.

Automobile bodies are generally made of low-carbon carbon steel or micro-alloy steel. For example, bake-hardening steel, bake-hardened steel, door outer panels, main floor, etc. Rephosphorized steel phosphating, good impact and fatigue resistance Low alloy micro alloyed steel is generally used for reinforcing plates or reinforcing beams with high strength IF steel, such as side wall outer plates, etc., with good stamping formability and high strength

Metallic materials are usually divided into ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals.

1) Ferrous Metals Ferrous metals refer to steel and iron, the density of which is.

Carbon steel and cast iron: for iron-carbon alloys, if the carbon content is less than and contains a small amount of silicon (Si), manganese (MN), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S) and other impurities, the iron-carbon alloy is called carbon steel, referred to as carbon steel, there are many classification methods for carbon steel, which are commonly classified according to the use of steel, and can be divided into structural steel, tool steel and special performance steel, which are widely used in automobiles, such as passenger car body skeletons, gears, springs, bearings, etc., if the carbon content is greater than that, it is called cast iron, cast iron has good castability, wear resistance, and machinability. And the cost is low, the strength of cast iron is generally lower than that of steel, especially the plasticity and toughness are poor, but with the emergence of ductile iron, the strength and toughness of cast iron have been greatly improved, such as the cylinder block on the car, the cylinder liner, the piston ring, the rear axle housing, etc. are made of cast iron.

2) Non-ferrous metalsNon-ferrous metals refer to metals other than steel.

Aluminum and aluminum alloy: pure aluminum is silvery-white, has good electrical and thermal conductivity, density is, in the air surface will generate Al2O3 film, has good corrosion resistance, and has good plasticity, but the strength is very low, pure aluminum has low strength, but in pure aluminum after adding sicumgznmn and other elements to form aluminum alloy, aluminum alloy is characterized by low melting point, low density, but has sufficient strength, plasticity and good heat resistance, aluminum alloy can be used to manufacture automobile cylinder block, cylinder head, tire steel ring and other partsIn particular, the pistons, which are widely used in the manufacture of engines, have the advantages of high strength, high quality, and small inertia.

Copper and copper alloy: pure copper is purple-red, with good electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, plasticity and corrosion resistance, but the strength is low, the density is widely used in the manufacture of wires, cables, copper tubes and other copper alloys, commonly used in the industry copper alloys are brass and bronze, brass is an alloy of copper and zinc After adding a small amount of zinc to copper, the mechanical properties change greatly, the plasticity and strength increase, brass has good properties, can be made of various profiles by pressure processing methods, radiator materials in automobile engines, and requires high thermal conductivity, welding performance and corrosion resistance, commonly used to make of brass.

The grade of brass is indicated by the letter h and the content of copper, e.g. h68 indicates brass with a copper content of about 68% and a zinc content of about 32%.

Bronze is a copper alloy composed of elements other than copper and zinc nickel, and bronze is divided into two kinds: tin bronze and tin-free bronze, tin bronze is an alloy composed of copper and tin, it has higher wear resistance and wear reduction compared with brass, and the casting performance and cutting performance are good, and the casting method is commonly used to manufacture wear-resistant parts, such as bearings, worm gears, etc.

The four most commonly used materials for automobiles are plastic, glass, technical ceramics, and rubber. In addition, there are a lot of leather used for seats.

Plastics: car interior body trim, steering wheels, various handles, switches, wires, connectors, headlight housings, bumpers.

Wait. Plastics are made from monomers through polyaddition or polycondensation.

polymerized polymeric compounds.

Commonly known as plastic or resin (resin), the composition and shape can be freely changed, from synthetic resin, fillers, plasticizers.

Stabilizers, lubricants, pigments and other additives.

Glass: headlights, bulbs, windows. The glass is made of silica cracked dust this.

It is formed by melting with other chemical substances (the main raw material for production is: soda ash.

limestone, quartz). It is a silicate non-metallic material that forms a continuous network structure during melting, and the viscosity gradually increases and hardens during the cooling process, resulting in its rapid crystallization.

Technical ceramics: engine spark plugs.

Insulation, high-temperature joints, ceramic valves and other parts. Technical ceramics, i.e. ceramics for industrial production and industrial products. It is a type of fine ceramics, which can play mechanical, thermal, chemical and other functions in applications.

Rubber: automobile tires, engine moving parts sealing rings, door and window waterproof sealing rings, engine pipes and other parts. Rubber is a highly elastic polymer material that can be reversibly deformed.

It is elastic at room temperature, can produce large deformation under the action of small external force, and can return to its original state after removing external force.

The materials used to make automobiles are divided into metallic materials, non-metallic materials, and composite materials.

1. Metal materials: steel, aluminum, magnesium alloy.

2. Non-metallic materials: ceramics, plastics.

3. Composite materials: fiber-reinforced ceramics, fiber-reinforced metals.

Most of the car body shell is made of metal materials, such as steel plate, carbon fiber, aluminum, reinforced plastic, etc., and the materials of different parts of the car shell and different parts are different. Generally, it is made of steel, Audi's high-end cars are made of aluminum, the racing cars are carbon fiber, and the hood of the Hummer H2 is reinforced plastic.

The body of the early sedan followed the body structure of the horse-drawn carriage, and the whole body was mainly made of wood.

In 1912, Eduard Barthes made an all-metal body for the first time, and in 1925, Vincentro Lancia invented the load-bearing body, which consisted of metal structural parts stamped and formed by steel plates and large panels, and this metal structure body has been used to this day, and has been continuously improved and developed.

<>1. Steel plate: hot and cold rolled steel plate, surface false treatment steel plate, stainless steel plate, high-strength steel plate, etc.

2. Light metal materials: aluminum plate, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy, etc.

3. Composite materials: glass fiber reinforced material (GFRP), carbon fiber collapse reinforced material (CFRP), etc.

4. Non-metallic materials: glass, plastic, rubber, leather, artificial cavity round leather, chemical fiber, etc.

5. Liner material: leather, cardboard, cork, asbestos, artificial leather, styrofoam, etc.

6. Coating materials: (composition: oil, resin, pigment, thinner, auxiliary materials) primer, topcoat, putty, auxiliary materials, etc.

7. Interior materials: all kinds of fabrics, leather, soft materials, plastics, etc., adhesives: sealants, adhesives, etc.