What are the World Heritage and Protected Artifacts?

The Great Wall of Wancha Brother.

The Great Wall, also known as the Great Wall, is a military defense project in ancient China, which is a tall, strong and continuous long wall to limit the movement of enemy cavalry. The Great Wall is not a simple isolated and chaotic city wall, but a defense system with the city wall as the main companion and a large number of cities, barriers, pavilions, and beacons.

The history of the construction of the Great Wall can be traced back to the Western Zhou Dynasty, and the famous allusion "Beacon Opera Princes" that took place in the capital city of Hojing originated from here. After Qin destroyed the Six Kingdoms and unified the world, Qin Shi Huang connected and repaired the Great Wall of the Warring States Period, which was known as the Great Wall of Ten Thousand Miles. In December 1987, the Great Wall was listed as a World Heritage Site.

2. The Forbidden City of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (the Forbidden City of Beijing, the Forbidden City of Shenyang) is a world heritage site.

The Forbidden City, Beijing. The Forbidden City in Beijing, also known as the Forbidden City, is the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties, and is one of the most famous palace buildings in China. The Forbidden City was built in 1406 and took 14 years to complete, covering an area of 720,000 square meters and a construction area of 150,000 square meters.

Great Wall. The Great Wall is a famous military defense line built by the ancient Chinese people in order to defend against foreign invasion in the long historical years. The Great Wall was built in the Spring and Autumn Period of the 7th century BC and completed in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and the total length of the Great Wall in different periods is more than 10,000 miles.

In 1997, it was listed as a World Cultural Heritage Site.

Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang. The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang is located about 27 kilometers east of the Qin Tomb in Lintong District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, and it is the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, the emperor of the Qin Dynasty, China's first great unified dynasty. There are 2 burial pits in front of the mausoleum, more than 7,000 pieces of cultural relics have been excavated in the south pit, and the terracotta warriors and horses in the north pit are one of the earliest terracotta figurines art treasures in the world.

The Terracotta Warriors and Horses of the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang are known as one of the Eight Wonders of the World.

Zhangjiajie Wulingyuan Scenic Area.

Located in Zhangjiajie City, Hunan Province, China, Zhangjiajie Wulingyuan Scenic Area is known for its myriad pinnacles, clear streams, and mysterious caves. The landform here is incomparably peculiar, the scenery is beautiful, the shape is like a mountain city, a tree, a shrimp, a man with a human face, etc., it is one of the famous tourist attractions in China. In 1992, Wulingyuan Scenic Area was listed as a World Natural Heritage Site by UNESCO.

Duan Yan Zhai. Duan Yan Zhai is located in Wushan, Ganyao Village, Chengnan Street, Shangyu District, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, and is the former residence of Xin Qiji, a writer in the Song Dynasty of China. Duan Yan Zhai was built in the first year of Emperor Baoyou of the Song Dynasty (1253) and has a history of more than 750 years.

Its architectural style is simple and simple, and there are benches, stone tables, grinding plates and other trivial things, which is the traditional Jiangnan courtyard architectural style. It was registered as a World Heritage Site in 1996.

Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.

Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes is a treasure trove of art in the early Northern Wei, Xixia, Yuan and Ming dynasties in ancient China. A total of 735 were built before and after the Mogao Grottoes, 492 existing holes, more than 10,000 square meters of murals, and more than 10,000 carved stones. The murals are mainly Buddhist themes, including images of Buddhas, bodhisattvas, arhats, gods, angels, etc.

The Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang were listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987.

Nanjing Ming Tomb.

Nanjing Ming Tomb is located outside the Yongning Gate at the foot of the Purple Mountain in Xuanwu District, Nanjing, and is the joint burial mausoleum of Zhu Di, the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty, and Empress Ma. Ming Xiaoling covers an area of nearly 50 hectares, with a construction area of 180,000 square meters, and is magnificent. In 2003, it was listed as a World Cultural Heritage Site.

Summary. The above are a few representatives of China's world cultural heritage, in addition to these there are many other cultural heritages, such as Fujian Tulou Yuandashi, Shandong Taishan, Sichuan Leshan Giant Buddha and so on. These cultural relics and monuments are not only the world's cultural heritage, but also the essence of Chinese culture, and they are of great significance for inheriting and promoting Chinese culture.

China's world cultural heritage cultural relics include: the Great Wall, Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, the Ming and Qing Dynasty palaces in Beijing and Shenyang, the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, Zhoukoudian Beijing Ape Man Ruins, etc.

1. The Great Wall. The Great Wall of China is the greatest construction project in the history of human civilization, it was built more than 2,000 years ago in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, after the Qin Dynasty unified China, it became the Great Wall. In the Han and Ming dynasties, it was built on a large scale.

Its engineering is vast and majestic, and it can be called a world miracle.

2. Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.

Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, commonly known as Thousand Buddha Caves, is located in Dunhuang City, Gansu Province, 25 kilometers southeast of the eastern foot of Mingsha Mountain cliff. It has five floors and is about 1,600 meters long from north to south. It was excavated in 366 years, and then excavated by more than a dozen dynasties from the Sixteen Kingdoms to the Yuan Dynasty, forming a group of grottoes with rich content and large scale.

3. The imperial palaces of the Ming and Qing dynasties in Beijing and Shenyang.

The Ming and Qing imperial palaces in Beijing and Shenyang, including the Forbidden City in Beijing and the Forbidden City in Shenyang. The Forbidden City, also known as the Forbidden City, is located in the center of Beijing and was the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties, where 24 emperors ascended the throne one after another. It was founded in 1406 and has been around for more than 600 years.

The Forbidden City is the world's largest and most complete ancient wooden building.

4. Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang.

The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang is located 5 kilometers east of Lintong District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 36 kilometers away from Xi'an City, and is the imperial mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang Yingzheng. The mausoleum is divided into two parts of the cemetery area and the burial area, the cemetery covers an area of nearly 8 square kilometers, the outer part of the building, the inner city of Shennian is double, the sealed soil is square cone, and the top is slightly flat. With a height of 55 meters, it is not only the first emperor mausoleum in Chinese history, but also the largest emperor mausoleum.

5. Zhoukoudian Beijing Ape Man Site.

The Zhoukoudian Peking Man site is located in Zhoukoudian Keel Mountain, Fangshan District, Ranghui City, and is famous for the relatively complete Peking Man fossils unearthed in the 20s of this century, especially the first Peking Man skull was discovered in 1929. Thus, it provides a solid foundation for the existence of Peking Man and becomes a milestone in the history of paleoanthropology.

China's world cultural heritage includes: the Great Wall, the Ming and Qing Forbidden City (Beijing Forbidden City, Shenyang Forbidden City), Mogao Grottoes, the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang and the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit, and the Zhoukoudian "Peking Man" site.

1. The Great Wall.

The Great Wall, also known as the Great Wall, was a military fortification in ancient China, a tall, strong and continuous wall that was used to limit the movement of enemy cavalry. The Great Wall is not a simple isolated city wall, but a defense system with the city wall as the main body and a large number of cities, barriers, pavilions and signs. In 1987, the Great Wall was listed as a World Heritage Site.

2. The Forbidden City of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (the Forbidden City of Beijing, the Forbidden City of Shenyang).

The Forbidden City in Beijing was the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties of China, formerly known as the Forbidden City, and is located in the center of Beijing's central axis. It is one of the largest and most well-preserved wooden structures in the world. It was listed as a World Heritage Site in 1987.

The Shenyang Imperial Palace, also known as the Shengjing Imperial Palace, was the imperial palace of the early Qing Dynasty. In 2004, it was listed as a World Heritage Site.

3. Mogao Grottoes

The Mogao Grottoes, commonly known as the Thousand Buddha Caves, are located in Dunhuang at the western end of the Hexi Corridor. It is the world's largest existing Buddhist art site with the richest content. In 1987, the Mogao Grottoes were listed as a World Heritage Site.

4. Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang and Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit

The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang and the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit are located in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, and are known as one of the wonders of the world. The terracotta warriors and horses pit is located on the east side of the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, and it is a large burial pit of the Qin Mausoleum. In 1987, the Mogao Grottoes were listed as a World Heritage Site.

5. Zhoukoudian "Peking Man" site

Located in Beijing, the Zhoukoudian "Peking Man" site is an important Paleolithic site in North China. It is not only a rare historical evidence of human society on the Asian continent in ancient times, but also sheds light on the process of human evolution. In 1987, the Zhoukoudian "Peking Man" site was listed as a world cultural heritage.

The significance of protecting the world's cultural heritage is threefold.

1. The protection of cultural heritage is to protect the inheritance of human culture; The protection of cultural heritage is a prerequisite for the common development of mankind; The protection of cultural heritage can help people of all ethnic groups to absorb the spiritual nutrients of the nation. The protection of cultural heritage is to protect the historical foundation of the ideological, moral, scientific, and cultural qualities of the people of all nationalities.

2. The protection of cultural heritage is to protect the inheritance of human culture, cultivate the foundation of social culture, maintain the diversity and creativity of culture, and protect the continuous development of society; The protection of cultural heritage is a prerequisite for maintaining the inheritance of national culture, connecting national emotional ties, enhancing national unity, safeguarding the world's cultural diversity and creativity, and promoting the common development of mankind.

3. The protection of cultural heritage can help people of all ethnic groups to absorb the spiritual nutrients of the nation; To educate patriotism and revolutionary traditions, cultural relics play an irreplaceable role; The protection of cultural heritage is to protect the historical foundation of the ideological, moral, scientific, and cultural qualities of the people of all nationalities. Cultural heritage plays an important role in foreign exchanges, protection and tourism development.

Characteristics of the World Cultural Heritage

1. It represents a unique artistic achievement and a creative genius masterpiece.

2. It can have a significant impact on the development of architectural art, monument art, town planning or landscape design in a certain period of time or in a certain cultural area of the world.

3. It can provide a unique or at least special testimony to a vanished civilization or cultural tradition.

4. It can be used as an outstanding example of architecture or architectural ensemble or landscape, showing one (or several) important stages in human history.

5. It can be used as an outstanding example of a traditional place of human habitation or use, representing a culture (or cultures), especially when it becomes vulnerable to damage under the influence of irreversible changes.

6. Have a direct or substantial connection with events of special universal significance or current traditions or ideas or beliefs, or literary and artistic works.

1. Zhoukoudian Peking Man Ruins Zhoukoudian Ruins Museum is located at the foot of Zhoukoudian Keel Mountain, Fangshan District, southwest of Beijing, and is an ancient human relics museum, which was founded in 1953. In 1929, Mr. Pei Wenzhong, a Chinese paleoanthropologist, excavated the first complete fossil skull of "Peking Man" in Dragon Bone Mountain, which shocked the world. World cultural heritage, national AAAA-level scenic spot, national key cultural relics protection unit, national 100 patriotic education demonstration bases.

2. Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, Gansu Province, Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, Gansu Province, cultural heritage. It is commonly known as the Thousand Buddha Cave. It is located on the cliff wall of the eastern foot of Mingsha Mountain, 25 kilometers southeast of Dunhuang City, Gansu Province, with five floors and a length of about 1,600 meters from north to south.

It was excavated in 366 years, and then excavated by more than a dozen dynasties from the Sixteen Kingdoms to the Yuan Dynasty, forming a group of grottoes with rich content and large scale. 3. The Great Wall (greatest wall), also known as the Great Wall, is a military defense project in ancient China, a tall, strong and continuous long wall used to limit the movement of enemy horses. The Great Wall is not a simple isolated city wall, but a defense system with the city wall as the main body and a large number of cities, barriers, pavilions and signs.

4. Terracotta Warriors and Horses of the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang and Terracotta Warriors and Horses of the First Qin Emperor in Shaanxi, cultural heritage. Located 5 kilometers east of Lintong County, Shaanxi Province and 36 kilometers away from Xi'an, it is the imperial tomb of Qin Shi Huang Yingzheng. 5. The Forbidden City of BeijingThe Forbidden City of Beijing is the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties of China, formerly known as the Forbidden City, located in the center of the central axis of Beijing, and is the essence of ancient Chinese court architecture.

The Forbidden City in Beijing is centered on the three major halls, covering an area of 720,000 square meters, with a construction area of about 150,000 square meters, more than 70 large and small palaces and more than 9,000 houses. It is one of the largest and most well-preserved wooden structures in the world.