What are the ideological origins of structural geology?

The theoretical significance of the study of geological structure is to clarify the spatial interrelationship and temporal development sequence of crustal structure, the evolution of crustal structure and the law of crustal movement and its dynamics. Its practical significance lies in the application of the objective laws of geological structure to guide production practice, and solve problems related to mineral distribution, hydrogeology, engineering geology, geology and environmental geology.

The distribution of minerals in the earth's crust is controlled by certain geological structures. Mineralization such as the formation and transport of minerals are directly or indirectly affected by crustal movements. The formation of minerals requires a channel for the migration of minerals and a place for precipitation and occurrence.

These channels and sites are extremely closely related to geological formations, such as oil and natural gas, which are often distributed on top of anticlines or in fault structures with trap conditions. On the other hand, many of the minerals that have been formed are also deformed by the effects of later crustal movements. Therefore, in the work of mineral survey exploration and mining, in order to make a scientific evaluation of minerals and carry out reasonable mining, it is necessary to correctly understand the structural characteristics of the region and the mining area.

The activity and enrichment of groundwater are closely related to geological structures, and only by understanding the characteristics of geological structures can we find groundwater more effectively. Many engineering construction, such as reservoirs, dams, bridges, tunnels or large-scale underground projects, must first find out the geological structure of the project area, evaluate the stability of the foundation, and provide a geological basis for engineering design and construction.

Destructive** often brings great losses to people's lives and property. The vast majority of ** activity is a reflection of modern crustal movements, so the hypocenter is extremely closely related to geological structures, especially fault structures. In the study of seismic law and forecasting, the study of regional tectonic characteristics and modern tectonic activity law is a very important basic work of geological work.

Among the many geological factors that affect the quality of the geological environment on which human beings depend for survival and development, geological structure is an important factor. The differences in geological environment and the uneven distribution of surface elements in different regions are largely related to the differences in geological structures in different regions. Therefore, environmental geology is inseparable from the study of geological structure to study the formation and change of geological environment, evaluate the short-term and long-term impact of human production activities on the environment, protect, improve and utilize the geological environment, and prevent and reduce geological disasters.

With the rapid development of modern science and technology, the development of structural geology has entered a new stage in aerospace, geophysics, geochemistry, electronic technology and ultrafine technology, and many new ideas, new concepts and new methods are constantly emerging.

Geological structure is a certain geological action that makes the burial status of the rock layer have undergone some corresponding changes, such as being extruded and bent to form folds, in which the upward uplift forms anticline, and the downward bend forms oblique; Or the rock layer is fractured to form a fault, and the rock blocks that rise on both sides form a barrier, and the falling rock blocks form a graben.

Tectonic landform is the surface of the geological structure, such as the anticline structure formed by the long tectonic landform is a mountain range, of course, under the influence of other conditions, valleys may also be formed, and so on.

Structural landforms in the narrow sense refer to various landforms formed by external erosion of geological structures (such as anticline, anticline, and monocline).

Geological structure is mainly the study of the problem of rock formation, the deformation and displacement of rock layers and plots after the force, tectonic landform is the study of rock formation in the geological structure deformation, under the action of external force formed landform, so it can be said that there is a geological structure it is the foundation, there will be a structural landform.

Tectonic landform is a manifestation of geological structures on the earth's surface.

Geological structure (abbreviated as structure) du

It is the general name of the morphology and morphology of each component of the earth's crust or lithosphere, as well as their combination and facial characteristics. Capacitive structure is the original appearance of a rock or rock layer produced by the action of the earth's internal forces.

Scale: The tectonic movement that forms the structure is also often referred to as crustal movement, which is usually slow and uses geological time as the scale of time, but there are also rapid abrupt movements, such as volcanic eruptions and **. The spatial scale of tectonics is large and small, and the large tectonic belts are thousands of kilometers longitudinal and horizontal, and the small ones are such as rock flakes and even mineral lattice dislocations, but the so-called geological structures are usually on a larger scale.

Type: The type of structure can be divided into primary structure and secondary structure according to the time of structural formation, which refers to the structure formed in the process of diagenesis.

Such as the flow surface of magmatic rocks, the bedding of sedimentary rocks, etc. Secondary structures refer to the structures produced by tectonic movements after the formation of rocks, including folds, faults, etc.

Geological structure refers to the general term for the deformation of geological bodies under stress in geological history.

Summary. Geological structure refers to the shape left behind by the deformation or displacement of rock layers or rock masses under the action of internal and external stresses of the earth. It is most pronounced in areas where stratiform rocks are distributed.

It is also found in areas of magmatic rocks and metamorphic rocks. Specifically, it is manifested as folding, fracture, splitting and other surface and linear structures of rocks.

It has a direct impact on the stability and leakage of hydraulic building foundations. For example, the core rock of the fold structure is broken and the fractures are developed, which has low strength and large permeability. Such areas should be avoided as much as possible when selecting sites for sluice dams, power stations, tunnels, etc.

Site selection should also consider the fault situation of the reservoir area, if the larger fault extends outside the reservoir, the reservoir area leakage may occur.

The concept of geological formations and the main types.

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Geological structure refers to the shape left behind by the deformation or displacement of rock layers or rock masses under the action of internal and external stresses of the earth. It is most pronounced in areas where stratiform rocks are distributed. It is also found in areas of magmatic rocks and metamorphic rocks.

Specifically, it is manifested as folding, fracture, splitting and other surface and linear slow field structures of rocks. It has a direct impact on the stability and leakage of hydraulic building foundations. For example, the core rock of the fold structure is broken and the fractures are developed, which has low strength and large permeability.

Such areas should be avoided as much as possible when selecting sites for sluice dams, power stations, tunnels, etc. The site selection should also consider the fracture situation of the reservoir area, if the fault is larger than Huai resistance, if it extends to the outside of the reservoir, it may disturb the sound and cause leakage in the reservoir area.

Geological structures can be divided into primary structures and secondary structures or tectonic structures according to their generation time. The secondary historical structure is the main object of geological research on tectonic combustion and decay, while the primary structure is generally used to judge whether the rock is deformed and the deformation mode. Structures can also be classified as horizontal, oblique, fractured, and folded.

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References are generally available for such conceptual questions.

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