Why does Su Shi call himself Dongpo? Why is Su Shi called Su Dongpo?

The origin of the Dongpo monks].

In the third year of Yuanfeng, Su Shi lived in Huangzhou. At this time, his income was reduced by half, and the number of people in his family was large. In order to make ends meet, he had to divide the monthly 4,500 yuan into 30 parts, each of which was tied with hemp rope and hung on a beam, and every morning he took a string of money with a painting fork and handed it to his wife Wang Yanzhi to arrange three meals a day.

If there was some surplus that day, Su Shi was very happy to put the small money in a jar for buying wine and drinking when the guests visited.

At this time, Su Shi's old friend Ma Zhengqing made a special trip from Yangzhou to visit Su Shi, and saw the life of "Mr. to the bone", and couldn't help but feel sad and sad, so he found his former classmate, and Xu Junyou, the Taishou of Huangzhou, begged him to allocate dozens of acres of wasteland under the Linzhen Pavilion to Su Shi for reclamation and cultivation to solve the problem of eating. Xu Taishou readily agreed, Su Shi was very grateful, and wrote a poem to Ma Zhengqing to show his gratitude:

Horses were born poor men from me for twenty years.

Looking at me day and night, I am expensive, and I beg for a share of the mountain money.

I have now retired, and I have borrowed the land to drop out.

Shave the turtle's back, when to get felt.

Poor horses are stupid, and they still praise me for being virtuous.

Everyone laughs and never regrets it, and Shi Yi deserves a thousand.

Su Shi was very happy about the cultivation of this land, not only to solve the problem of eating, but also because it is in the east of Huangzhou, which is a sloping land, similar to the "east slope" of Zhongzhou where the great poet Bai Juyi of the Tang Dynasty planted trees and flowers. Bai Juyi was a person admired by Su Shi, so he followed Bai Juyi's example and called his place "Dongpo", and called himself "Dongpo Jushi". He also built a room on the eastern slope, named it "Snow Hall", and personally wrote the plaque of "East Slope Snow Hall".

Song Hongmai said in "Rong Zhai Three Strokes, Dongpo Mu Letian": "Carefully examine its meaning, cover it and Mu Bai Lotian." ”

Bai Juyi word Lotte, living in the declining Tang Dynasty, as an official, in the face of eunuch arbitrary power, feudal towns, corrupt courts, often with poetry needles to the times, and was later demoted to Jiangzhou Sima, and moved to Zhongzhou Thorn History. There is a hillside in the east of Chungju City, and Bai Juyi, who is in adversity and constantly striving for self-improvement, often goes to the slope to plant trees and flowers in his spare time. To this end, Bai Juyi set a lot of poems, such as:

Buy flowers and trees with money and plant them on the eastern slope of the city" ("Planting Flowers on the Eastern Slope"); The east slope is facing twilight in spring, and the trees are like now" ("Planting Trees on the East Slope"); Where to look back diligently, the peach and plum of Dongpo are newly planted" ("Don't Dongpo Flower Tree"). Bai Juyi and "Dongpo" have formed an indissoluble bond, and later generations will also take "Dongpo" as a synonym for Bai Juyi.

Su Shi's situation, mood and cultivated land at that time were quite similar to those when Bai Juyi degraded Zhongzhou, so he called himself "Dongpo Layman". He wrote about it in many of his poems. As said in the poem "Going to Hangzhou":

Going out is vaguely like a lotte and dares to decay the former sages of the school", "decay" is Su Shi's self-metaphor, and "former sages" is a metaphor for Bai Juyi. In the "preface" of this poem, he also said: "In his life, he consciously came from the old and the young, and he was as rough as Lotte.

Out of admiration for Bai Juyi's noble character, Su Shi gave himself the nickname "Dongpo" at the age of forty-six. Since then, this nickname has been louder and more influential than his name.

Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou when his friend Ma Mengde found an abandoned camp for him at the gate of Dongcheng to farm, Su Shi has always appreciated Bai Juyi, and Bai Ju Yi was degraded when he once made a poem "Dongpo Flower Poem", so Su Shi later regarded himself as Dongpo and called himself Dongpo Jushi.

Su Shi had a bumpy career in his life, and was degraded many times, and later took his family to work on the Dongpo, so he called himself a Dongpo layman.

Because he lives on the eastern slope, haha.

The ancients often used their residence as the number, and the number can be changed frequently, just like a mobile phone number, some people use a mobile phone number for a lifetime, and some people will use more than n.

Because he lived in a hut on the eastern slope with the help of his friends.

Later, it was wasted, and there were all in the encyclopedia.

After Su Shi was pardoned, he was demoted to Huangzhou. Relying on the support of friends to live in a thatched hut on the eastern slope (the Dongpo monks came here), Su Shi had a lot of free time at this time, so he went around inscribed and played, and a large number of peerless nouns such as "Linjiang Immortal", "Fortune Operator: Huangzhou Dinghui Yuan Residence" and so on were written during this period.

Su Shi wrote "Nian Nujiao" when he visited Chibi in Huangzhou, and it has become a good sentence for the ages. However, although Su Shi was erudite and talented, he made a fatal mistake geographically, the Red Cliff of the Three Kingdoms was in the upper reaches of Wuhan, and the Red Cliff of Huangzhou was in the lower reaches of Wuhan. However, it will be wrong, and the red cliff of Su Shi's inscription is now called Dongpo red cliff.

Su Shi likes to eat Dongpo meat.

Su Dongpo is Su Shi, Su Shi is called Dongpo, known as Su Dongpo.

Su Shi has made extraordinary achievements in the creation of words, and in terms of the development of a genre itself, the historical contribution of Su words has surpassed that of Su Wen and Su poetry. After Liu Yong, Su Shi carried out a comprehensive reform of the word style, and finally broke through the traditional pattern of the word as "Yanke", improved the literary status of the word, and transformed the word from an accessory to an independent lyrical poetry, which fundamentally changed the development direction of word history.

Su Shi's transformation of words is based on his lexical concept of the integration of poetry and the creative proposition of "self-contained". Since the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, the word has always been regarded as a "small way". Although Liu Yong devoted his life to writing words and promoted the development of the word style, he failed to improve the literary status of words.

And Su Shi first theoretically broke the concept of poetry and inferiority.

Su Shi, known as Dongpo layman. This nickname was given by him when he was cultivating in Huangzhou. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079 AD), Su Shi was offended by writing poetry, and although he saved his life, he was demoted to Huangzhou (now Huanggang County, Hubei Province) and became an official with no real position.

When he first arrived in Huangzhou, he relied on his savings to support his family, and life was very difficult. Later, with the help of his good friend Ma Zhengqing, he got a piece of wasteland of dozens of acres, so he led his family to reclaim it. They grow wheat, vegetables, tea, and fruit trees to support their families.

Because this land is located on a hillside in the east of Huangzhou City, and the life of ploughing is a bit like a layman's seclusion in the countryside, so Su Shi gave himself the nickname of "Dongpo Layman", and since then, people have called him Su Dongpo.

The word Zizhan, also the word and Zhong, the number of Dongpo layman.

The reason why Su Shi is called Dongpo Jushi is related to Su Shi's demotion to Huangzhou. In February of the third year of Yuanfeng in the Northern Song Dynasty, Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou because of the "Wutai Poet Shanliang Case", and the first place the government arranged for him to settle down was Dinghuiyuan in the south of the city.

Living in a monastery, although it is not an ideal place, is undoubtedly a good place for self-cultivation for Su Shi, who has just arrived, is frightened, and has suffered a great political blow. Because Shouyun relied on a cheap fortune, he really couldn't support his family. So he cultivated land on the eastern slope outside Huangzhou City, and only erected himself the name "Dongpo Resident".

Su Shi is also called Su Dongpo, Su Shi was imprisoned for 103 days because of the "Wutai Poetry Case", and after being released from prison, Su Shi was demoted to the deputy envoy of the Huangzhou League Training. This position is quite low, and at this time Su Shi has become discouraged after this prison, Yu Gongyu led his family to reclaim a sloping land in the east of the city, planting Qingtian to help make a living, and the nickname of "Dongpo Layman" came from this time.

Su Shi's views on society and thoughts on life are unabashedly expressed in his literary works, among which poetry is the most vivid. Among the more than 2,700 Su poems, the themes of intervening in social reality and thinking about life are very prominent. Su Shi has an attitude of "not being out of place" towards all kinds of irrational phenomena in social reality, and has always taken criticism of reality as an important theme of his poetry.

What is even more valuable is that Su Shi's criticism of society is not limited to the New Deal, nor is it limited to the present, he criticizes the long-standing maladministration and bad habits in feudal society, reflecting a deeper critical consciousness.

Dongpo is Su Shi's number. Su Shi's word Zizhan, Baiyou word and Zhong, number Dongpo Judushi. A native of Meishan, Meizhou, Northern Song Dynasty, his ancestral home is Luancheng, Hebei, and he is a famous writer, calligrapher and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Su Shi is a representative of the highest achievements in Song Dynasty literature, one of the "Eight Masters of Tang and Song Dynasty", one of the "Four Families of the Song Dynasty", and the main representative of the bold school.

Su Shi (January 8, 1037 - August 24, 1101), the word Zizhan, Hezhong, the number of Tieguandao, Dongpo layman, known as Su Dongpo, Su Xian, Han nationality, Meizhou Meishan (now Meishan City, Sichuan Province), ancestral home of Luancheng, Hebei, famous writer, calligrapher, painter in the Northern Song Dynasty, historical water control celebrity.