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Anonymous users2024-02-06Genetic engineering, also known as gene splicing technology and DNA recombination technology, refers to the theoretical basis of molecular genetics, with the modern methods of molecular biology and microbiology as a means, different genes according to the pre-designed blueprint, in vitro construction of hybrid DNA molecules, and then into living cells to change the original genetic characteristics of organisms, obtain new varieties, and produce new products.
Genetic engineering involves cross-species and asexual amplification of exogenous genes into the cells of another different organism for propagation, and exogenous DNA can be amplified in large quantities and expressed at high levels in host cells.
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Anonymous users2024-02-05Genetic engineering?
As the secrets of the internal structure and genetic mechanisms of DNA are revealed little by little, especially when people learn that the genetic code is made of.
After RNA transcription and expression, biologists are no longer satisfied with just exploring and hinting at the secrets of biological inheritance, but begin to be eager to try to intervene in the genetic characteristics of organisms at the molecular level.
If you will be a living thing.
A piece of genetic code in the DNA is connected to the DNA chain of another organism, and by reorganizing the DNA, it is possible to design new genetic material and create new types of organisms according to human desires, which is completely different from the traditional practice of breeding organisms to reproduce offspring in the past.
This practice is like the engineering design of technology and science, according to the needs of human beings, the "gene" of this creature and the "gene" of that creature are re-"constructed" and "assembled" into a new genetic combination to create a new organism. This kind of bioscience and technology, which is completely produced by reassembling genes into new organisms in accordance with human wishes, is called "genetic engineering" or "genetic engineering".
Genetic engineering is an important branch of bioengineering, which together with cell engineering, enzyme engineering, protein engineering and microbial engineering constitutes bioengineering.
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Anonymous users2024-02-04Genetic engineering refers to the modification of the genetic characteristics of organisms by modifying genes or genomes according to people's wishes. For example, recombinant DNA technology is used to transfer foreign genes into E. coli for expression, so that E. coli can produce products that people need; Exogenous genes were transferred to animals to construct transgenic animals with new genetic characteristics; Gene knockout is used to obtain animals with genetic defects, etc.
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Anonymous users2024-02-03Definition: By introducing a foreign gene into the recipient cell through in vitro recombination, the gene can be replicated, transcribed, translated and expressed in the recipient cell. It is a new technology that uses artificial methods to extract the DNA of a donor organism that is needed, cleaves it with appropriate tool enzymes under in vitro conditions, connects it with the DNA molecule as a carrier, and then introduces it into a recipient cell that is easier to grow and reproduce with the vector, so that the foreign material can be replicated and expressed normally in it, so as to obtain a new species.
Principle: Genetic recombination.
Application: 1 In the field of production, people can use gene technology to produce genetically modified food 2. In environmental protection.
Genetically engineered DNA probes can detect viruses, bacteria and other contamination in the environment very sensitively. 3. In medical treatment, gene ** is a technical method of genetic engineering. In addition, the use of "DNA probes" to detect viral infections and genetic defects such as hepatitis viruses is not only accurate and rapid, but also widely used in medical treatment. Fourth, in the research of genetic engineering drugs, the genes of biosynthesis of corresponding drug components are introduced into microbial cells, so that they can produce corresponding drugs, which can not only solve the yield problem, but also greatly reduce the production cost.
a.A marker gene is a gene with a known function or a known sequence that can play a specific role as a marker. In the sense of genetic engineering, it is an important marker for recombinant DNA vectors, which is usually used to test the success of transformation. In the sense of gene mapping, it is a tool for marking the gene of interest, which is usually used to detect the localization of the gene of interest in cells. >>>More
4.Using mRNA as a template, catalyzed by reverse transcriptase, reverse transcribed into cDNA in vitro, and ligated with an appropriate vector (commonly used phage or plasmid vector) to transform the recipient bacteria, each bacterium contains a piece of cDNA and can multiply and expand, so that the collection of cDNA clones containing all the mRNA information of the cell is called the cDNA library of the tissue cell. >>>More
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