How are dahlias farmed? Dahlia cultivation method

1. Select the bulbs:Before planting dahlias, it is necessary to select suitable bulbs, which are of large quality, relatively full and full, and not polluted and squeezed by the outside world. <>

2. Handling bulbs:Remove the outer skin of the bulbs, then go to the pharmacy to buy carbendazim, mix it with water to make a solution, put the bulbs in it to disinfect and sterilize, and remove possible bacteria or eggs. <>

3. Preparation of soil:Choose a flat place for planting and cultivation, and the soil is required to be fertile and permeable. <>4. Carry out planting:

After the soil is organized, the bulbs are planted in the soil and covered with soil that is properly compacted. Water the soil and move to a light environment to wait for the dahlias to thrive in the later stages. <>

Dahlia (Figure 6).

Dahlia is also known as passionflower and dahlia. If you want to cultivate a good dahlias, you need to master its four characteristics: (1) It likes moisture and is afraid of water.

Dahlias are afraid of drought and avoid stagnant water. This is because dahlias are fleshy tuber roots, and the roots are perishable if they are overwatered. However, its leaves are large, lush and need more water.

If the water cannot be replenished in time after the lack of water wilts, the light leaf edge will be scorched, and the base leaf will fall off after being exposed to sunlight. Therefore, watering should master the principle of "dry and thorough". (2) Likes fertility and is afraid of excess.

It is advisable to choose fertile, loose soil for planting dahlias, and top dressing should be applied in addition to basal fertilizer. Usually from mid to late July until flowering, apply a thin liquid fertilizer every 7-10 days, and the concentration of fertilizer should be gradually increased, so that the stem can grow longer and thicker, and the leaf color is dark green and stretched. (3) Prefer the sun and fear shade.

Dahlias love the sun. If it is placed in a shaded place for a long time, the growth is poor, the root system is weak, the leaves are thin and the stems are thin, the flowers are small and the color is light, and even cannot bloom. Only when it is planted in a sunny place can the plant grow strong and produce bright flowers.

4) Likes to be cool and afraid of heat. Dahlias prefer a cool climate during the flowering period, with temperatures around 20, and grow best. Planting in North China and other places can grow well from late spring to late autumn.

However, it is afraid of direct exposure to the scorching sun in hot summer, especially after rain, and it should be shaded a little at this time, so it will grow better.

Like moisture and afraid of water, water thoroughly in a timely and appropriate amount, and pay attention to avoid stagnant water; Like fertile afraid of excessive, planting dahlias should choose fertile

For loose soils, in addition to base application, top dressing is also required. In order to ensure the robust growth of dahlias and produce bright flowers, they should be placed in a sunny place; Like cool and afraid of heat, pay attention to avoid the damage caused by sun exposure when it is hot, and should take shade protection measures.

Root splitting and cuttings propagation is the main method of dahlia propagation, and dahlias can also be bred by seed propagation.

Root (plant) propagation.

In the spring from March to April, take out the stored roots, cut off each root and the buds attached to the root neck together (apply grass ash to preservate the incisions), and plant them separately. Since dahlias only have buds on the root neck, there must be a root neck with buds on each root segmented; Tubers without root necks or without bud spots on root necks do not bud and cannot be planted. If the germination point on the root neck is not obvious or not easy to identify, it can be promoted in early spring, and the root clusters can be arranged at a dense distance in the hotbed, and then the soil is compacted, watered, given a certain temperature, and then divided after germination, and each rametre has at least one bud.

Dividing propagation is simple and easy, the survival rate is high, and the plant is robust, but the reproductive coefficient is not as high as that of cuttings.

Propagation by cuttings. 1. Land selection and land preparation: select the land with deep cultivated layer, loose and fertile, flat terrain and well-drained fields, apply 125 kg of superphosphate per mu as base fertilizer before deep turning, add 50% of the Yanong kilograms, carry out soil disinfection, turn the soil deep about 15 cm, and then arrange the rake flat, make the high furrow or flat furrow 2 meters wide, 20 cm deep ditch, and open the internal and external "three ditches" to facilitate drainage.

2. Cuttings method: From June to August, the side buds are grown to 15 to 20 cm, combined with the removal of the side buds and sown with cutting. Cuttings need 3 buds, leave the upper 2 buds, cut the 3rd bud to the base of the leaf to remove the leaves, insert deep in the soil and the second bud, water thoroughly, and stand up with 50% shade net double shade.

On sunny days, water once in the morning and evening, water continuously for half a month, keep the soil moisture at 90%, take root after 3 weeks, the survival rate is very high, and it can bloom in the autumn of that year.

3. Post-cuttings management: After the cuttings are lived, the saturated leaching solution of compound fertilizer is applied once before and after flowering in combination with cultivating and weeding, before and after flowering, and 400 ml of mother liquor is added to every 1 back sprayer (about kilogram) for root topdressing. It is not advisable to cultivate the roots of dahlias in depth after the roots, so as not to damage the roots and prevent grass damage.

Because the plant is juicy and soft, it must stand up to avoid breaking the stems and leaves, and the seedlings of small floret varieties are 15 cm high when the top is set, so that the plant is short and strong and flowering, and the flowers are removed in time after the flowering, which can prolong the flowering period.

Seed propagation. Seed propagation accounts for a large proportion of the cultivation process of dahlias, and is suitable for varieties that are easy to bear fruit. Seeds harvested in autumn are generally sown between February and March of the following year, with 15 to 20 during the day and no less than 12 at night.

The seedlings propagated by the seeds are vigorous, healthy in growth and development, and have strong adaptability, and can obtain a large number of plants in a short time, but the flowering and fruiting are slow. The flowering period is late, and the excellent characteristics of the mother parent cannot be maintained, and there is a phenomenon of degradation.

Before talking about the cultivation method of dahlia, you need to tell flower friends that dahlia potted plants are difficult compared to ground planting, and they are relatively difficult to take care of, so if flower friends are potted dahlias, you need to play 120,000 points to learn the maintenance methods of dahlias.

In order to make it easier for flower friends to understand the cultivation method of dahlias, this article will talk about the cultivation of dahlias according to different steps, so that flower friends can master more knowledge about dahlia cultivation as much as possible.

1. Maintain the environment

Whether it is a potted plant or a ground plant, it needs to be maintained in a sunny environment and should be leeward, because the stem of the dahlia is relatively weak, easy to break, can not withstand the wind, in the summer when the sun is more spicy, should be slightly shaded. If it is maintained in a low-light environment for a long time, the root system will be weakened, the leaves will be thin, the stems will be thin, the flowers will be small and the color will be light, and even the flowers will not be able to bloom.

2. Soil selection

Because dahlias like to be afraid of waterlogging, fertilizer and fear of excess, so the soil should be fertile and loose and breathable (in fact, most flowers and plants require fertile and loose and breathable soil).

3. Planting

Dahlia is a tuber plant, with huge roots, generally flower friends buy are tuber roots, planting is actually a special section of the simple, here you need to talk to flower friends is the group manuscript soil, generally speaking, about 3 cm of soil covering, less watering in the early stage, dry point, wait for the bud and then gradually watering.

4. Watering

Although dahlia likes to be waterlogged but afraid of waterlogging, but also afraid of drought, watering too much root perishable, but its leaves are large, grow luxuriantly, and need more water, if the lack of water wilts can not be replenished in time, after sunlight, the edge of the light leaf is scorched, and the heavy base of the leaf falls off, so the permeability of the soil is very important, and it also needs to be watered flexibly according to the soil temperature.

5. Fertilization

Once the dahlia blooms, it will continue to bloom, the smaller it is, and a large amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is needed in the later stage, but the dahlia is afraid of too thick fertilizer, so the fertilization should be carried out in line with the principle of thin fertilizer and more application, and thin fertilizer should be applied every other week.

6. Dahlia winter maintenance collapse burning filial piety measures

1) Stop watering: Stop watering immediately after the dahlia flowers are gone, forcing the stems of the dahlias to wither and turn yellow into dormancy.

2) Thorough pruning: When the stems of the dahlias are completely yellow, cut off all the stems of the plant more than 6 cm above the ground. Prepare for indoor storage.

3) Storage conditions: The temperature of the storage room must be kept at 15°CAnd the storage room must be kept dry, and it must not be watered during the storage period.

4) Storage and overwintering: It should also be noted that the horseshoe crab should not be damaged when digging up the roots. If it is a potted plant, it is best not to depot, and wait until the potting soil is very dry and the outdoor temperature drops to 3 degrees Celsius, and then move people indoors to stack it for winter.

If the winter temperature in the city is not suitable for the growth of dahlias, cut off the water, after the leaves are dead, dig up the roots, and replant them in the spring of the following year.

Dahlia can not be placed in the shade to maintain, need to be placed in a sunny place, and every 2 3 days to water, every 10 15 days to apply a thin phosphate fertilizer, in winter to control the temperature at more than 5, spring to prune the dahlia, so that the dahlia bloom beautiful flowers, usually can also be propagated by cuttings.

Dahlia should not be placed in the shade to maintain, it is easy to make the leaves lose color, but also make the dahlias grow and reduce the ornamental value, need to place the dahlia in sufficient light for maintenance, but in summer to place it in the astigmatism for maintenance, otherwise the leaves will be dehydrated.

In the process of breeding dahlia, it generally needs to be watered every 2 3 days, twice a day in summer, and the amount of watering needs to be controlled in winter, when the dahlia grows vigorously, it can be applied every 10 15 days with thin phosphorus fertilizer to make the dahlia grow more lush.

In fact, dahlia is also very cold-resistant, dahlia at a temperature of 15 25, can promote its growth better, less than 5 will enter the dormant period, less than 0 will frostbite the roots of dahlia, so the temperature needs to be controlled at about 5 in winter.

The growth rate of dahlia is relatively slow, and the cultivation method of dahlia is also very simple, in the process of dahlia growth, every spring 3 to 4 months, all the branches that it does not have can be cut off, so that the dahlia can be promoted to bloom beautiful flowers and increase its ornamental value.

The most commonly used method of dahlia propagation in spring is cuttings, you can pick strong dahlia branches, you need to keep the leaves at the upper end of the branches, and then wait for the branch wound to heal naturally, and insert it into the soil to sprinkle an appropriate amount of water, put it in a cool place and wait for the branches to take root and sprout.

Dahlias grow well on loose, humus-rich and well-drained sandy soils. Potted dahlia planting soil, it is best to choose vegetable garden soil, humus soil, sand soil and dried manure. The soil is heavy in viscosity, and it is best not to use the soil that has been compacted, because it is easy to rot the roots.

Dahlias like water but avoid stagnant water, both afraid of waterlogging and drought, this is because dahlias have fleshy tuber roots, too much watering roots are easy to rot, but the branches and leaves are luxuriant, the evaporation is large, and it needs more water. Therefore, watering should master the principle of "dry and thorough". Generally, the seedling stage in the early stage of growth has limited water demand, and it can be watered once a day on sunny days to ensure that the soil is slightly moist, and it is not suitable to be too dry or too wet.

In the late stage of growth, the branches and leaves are luxuriant, the water consumption is more, and the weather is sunny or northerly windy, and it is easy to lack water at noon or evening, so the amount of water should be increased appropriately.

Dahlia is a kind of fertilizer-loving flower, starting from the seedlings generally 10 15 Tina top-pinch liquid fertilizer once a thin liquid fertilizer, 7 10 days after budding should be applied again. When the flower buds are color-clear, the fertilizer should be stopped, and the temperature is high and it is not suitable for fertilization.

The amount of fertilizer should be determined according to the growth of the plant, and the leaves are light and thin. Conversely, if the fertilizer is excessive, the edges of the leaves will be scorched or the tips of the leaves will turn yellow. The leaves are thick and green, which is a suitable performance for top dressing. The concentration of top dressing should be increased one time at a time, so that the stalk can be thicker.

No matter how beautiful a flower is, it will grow crippled, so learn to prune. The pruning of potted dahlias should be pruned flexibly according to the variety. Generally, large-scale varieties use the single-book shaping method, and medium-sized varieties use the four-book shaping method.

Sole shaping is to keep the apical buds and go out all the axillary buds to concentrate the nutrients and form a single dahlia with low and large flowers.

Siben plastic surgery is to pluck the seedlings and retain the two nodes at the base to form 4 side branches, each side branch retains the top bud, which can be a potted dahlia with four stalks and four flowers.