Who has the science to talk about bridges? mechanics, or science related 20

What is the science of bridges? (Mechanics, or science-related.)

The force of the bridge is different depending on the type of bridge.

1. In the beam system, the beam, as a load-bearing structure, bears the load with its bending capacity.

2. Arch system, correct.

The main load-bearing structure is the arch rib (or arch box), which is mainly pressure-bearing, and the arch is also divided into single hinged arch, collapse source double hinged arch, three-hinged arch, and unhinged arch. The arch is a thrust structure, which has high requirements for the foundation.

3. The rigid bridge system is a system between the beam and the arch, with the upper part bent and the lower part under pressure. It is generally used for urban bridges or overpasses with small spans.

4. The suspension bridge system takes the suspension cable as the main load-bearing structure, with a large span, simple and clear force, light self-weight, and weak wind resistance.

5. The composite structure system is divided into three types: continuous rigid structure, beam and arch combination system (such as tie bridge, truss bridge), and cable-stayed bridge system. The bending resistance is present in tension and pressure.

The principle is to use various cones, triangles, cylinders and some weight-bearing figures on the bridge to disperse or indirectly offset the external pressure.

1. Load-bearing structure refers to the main structural components and their connecting joints that directly transmit their own weight and various external forces to the foundation foundation, including load-bearing walls, poles, frame columns, piers, floor slabs, beams, roof trusses, suspension cables, etc.

2. The load-bearing structure includes: masonry structure (brick-concrete structure), frame structure, shear wall structure, frame shear wall structure, frame core tube structure, cylinder-in-tube structure, frame-supported structure (frame-supported shear wall structure and frame-supported masonry structure), special-shaped column frame structure, short-limb shear wall structure, plate-column structure, light steel structure, heavy steel structure, and wood structure.

The bridge is divided into two types: 1. Chain bridge.

2. Arch bridge. Principle 1: The chain bridge relies on tension to make the bridge body not fall under the action of gravity, and maintains a way of counteracting the component of tension in the vertical direction with gravity to maintain a balanced state.

2. The arch bridge uses the frictional force generated by the extrusion force on both sides of the bridge deck to the middle in the vertical direction, and then cooperates with the shape of some stones on the bridge deck to offset with gravity, so as to maintain a balanced state.

The reason the bridge is designed upwards is that there is less pressure on the bridge as cars pass through the middle of the bridge; In contrast, concave bridges are subjected to more pressure.

Since the car needs to have a centripetal force f when passing through an arc, it is synthesized by the gravitational force mg and the supporting force n.

On the arch bridge: f=mg-n

n=mg-f

In concave bridges: f = n-mg

n=f-mg

From the above two equations, it can be seen that the n of the arch bridge is smaller, and n is the supporting force of the bridge to the car, and its magnitude is equal to the pressure of the car on the bridge. Therefore, the arch bridge is beneficial to the design of the structural strength of the bridge.

All kinds of bridges have their own characteristics, the change of slope, first lifting and then descending, showing the current situation of curved bow.

Physical principle: the mutual conversion of gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy, as far as possible to reduce the internal energy generated by friction.

Zhonghua Bridge culture is a branch of Chinese transportation culture and an important aspect of Chinese culture. It is synchronized with the history of Chinese civilization and highlights the characteristics of Chinese culture. It is a cultural synthesis of natural and social sciences with a bridge as the carrier.

It uses bridges as entities to reflect the ideological and cultural achievements and scientific and technological cultural achievements of various eras. It is a typical specimen of the level of social productive forces in various historical periods. "Open the road in the mountains and build bridges in the water", bridges are the needs of human beings to "travel", the need to cross rivers, and the need for roads to continue on rivers.

As a land transportation facility, it performs the basic function of road transportation, shows the ability of human beings to conquer nature, and demonstrates the ability of human beings to expand the scope of activities. It is an important component of human group activities and urban social structure, and it marks the phased development achievements of human civilization.