Why did the ancient Chinese Jindan technique not further evolve into modern chemical science?

Lian Dan is a combination of a variety of herbs to refine the essence of the Dan, and chemistry is made by the chemical reaction of organic matter containing chemical components, and there is a big difference between the two.

The chemical techniques of ancient "alchemy" mainly involved inorganic chemistry.

Inorganic chemistry is the study of the chemistry of inorganic compounds and is an important branch in the field of chemistry. Generally, inorganic compounds are relative to organic compounds, referring to most compounds that do not contain C-H bonds, but carbon oxides, carbon sulfides, cyanides, thiocyanates, carbonic acid and carbonates, carboranes, carbonyl **, etc. all belong to the category of inorganic chemistry research, but the boundary between the two is not strict, and there is a large overlap between the first penetration, organometallic chemistry is an example.

Inorganic chemistry is a science that conducts experimental research and theoretical explanations of the properties of all elements and their compounds and their reactions except hydrocarbons and their derivatives, and is one of the earliest developed sub-disciplines in chemistry.

Development History:

Primitive human beings were able to identify the properties of inorganic substances existing in nature and use them, and later discovered that natural substances can be transformed into new substances with different properties, so they imitated them, which was the beginning of ancient chemical processes.

For example, at least in 6000 B.C., Chinese primitive people knew how to make clay loose celery and balance pottery, and gradually developed into painted pottery, white pottery, glazed pottery and porcelain. Around 5000 B.C., humans discovered that natural copper is tough and not easy to break when used as a utensil. Later, it was observed that copper ore such as malachite (basic copper carbonate) was decomposed into copper oxide by contact with blazing charcoal, and then reduced to metallic copper.

Later, he successively mastered the technology of tin smelting, zinc smelting, nickel smelting, etc. In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, China mastered the technology of smelting iron from iron ore and making steel from iron, and in the second century B.C., China discovered that iron could react with a solution of copper compounds to produce copper, which became one of the methods for producing copper later, and this method was also called "wet copper smelting".

a.Inorganic learning.

b.Organic chemistry.

c.Physical chemistry.

d.Analytical chemistry.

Correct stool land sedan car answer jujube: a

The current chemistry is an evolutionary version of his past, and he is more convenient and understands than the previous ancients. The history of alchemy in our country can be traced back to the Warring States period more than 2,200 years ago. At that time, there were so-called alchemists, which are also a kind of warlocks, engaged in alchemy activities, Sima Qian wrote in chapters such as "Historical Records of Filial Piety and Wubenji", he mentioned the name and deeds of King Yan during the Warring States Period, during the Jin Dynasty, because alchemy was basically monopolized by Taoism, alchemists were replaced by Taoism, the purpose of alchemy.

One is to extract the elixir of life so that it can live forever after taking it, and the other is to refine it into gold and silver from ordinary metals to obtain great wealth. Of course, the purpose pursued by alchemists is wrong, but because the alchemists they use are mainly minerals such as mercury, sulfur, lead, saltpeter, mica, etc., in the alchemy process, instruments such as crucibles, stills, dissolving tips containing concentrated vinegar in flower ponds, and grinders are used, therefore, the alchemy process usually forms a chemical reaction process of various substances.

At the same time, in the long-term practice of alchemy, alchemists discovered various material change phenomena and had a useful discussion on some regularities. These have led to important alchemical achievements in chemistry, metallurgy, pharmacology, etc. For example, gunpowder is one of the four great inventions of our country and a brilliant achievement of ancient alchemy.

When the alchemist mixed saltpeter and sulfur charcoal together to refine the medicine, he found that intense burning occurred.

After repeated practice, people realized the property that the mixture of these three substances could ignite when exposed to fire, so when they invented gunpowder, in the process of trying to refine gold, silver, etc. from ordinary gold, alchemists gradually explored some metallurgical principles, and smelted gold-like brass containing zinc, and white copper, which is similar to silver when containing nickel, and in ancient alchemists, all through reliable practice, they have also observed the chemical reactions of many substances, which is documented.

Ancient alchemy is the foundation of modern chemistry, through which ancient people recognized chemicals and refined iron and copper. Some chemical reactions were also learned, and gunpowder was created.

Ancient alchemy was the prototype of modern chemistry, and some more important substances were obtained through alchemy, such as iron and copper.

Alchemy contains scientific principles, but it is not scientific, and there is no complete scientific system, and there are still various defects in itself, and there are many serious consequences, but alchemy is still a very important part of China's cultural heritage, because under the technical level, understanding level, and social conditions at that time, it was able to put forward the idea of "taking the power of changing all things in heaven and earth, for my use", and tried hard to do so, whether it was in the past or is a progressive thought and behavior.

In ancient times, because people did not know what matter was made of, they could not correctly understand the laws of change in matter. As a result, many people want to burn ordinary metals or ores into valuable **, or become an "elixir" that can make people immortal. This is the "alchemy" and "alchemy" of history.

Today, when people hear this, they must think it is ridiculous. But at that time, these statements really touched the hearts of those rulers, and even the most devout believers could not sit still at the thought of wealth and longevity. As a result, whether in the luxurious palace courtyard or in the solemn church, a fire was lit, and alchemy and alchemy were vigorously engaged.

This period lasted for more than 1,000 years in history. In the end, a furnace was not refined, and some people who were eager to pray for longevity boldly swallowed a little alchemy "semi-finished product", but they all died in advance. In China, the Tang and Song dynasties were the heyday of Jindanshu.

According to the literature, there were many people who died in the Tang Dynasty due to taking pills.

From a scientific point of view, the fantasies of alchemists are indeed stupid. However, we cannot yet regard this thousand-year-old alchemy age as an era of complete stupidity. Because, in this long era, it has indeed accumulated a lot of chemical knowledge for mankind.

And the accumulation of this knowledge has precisely created the conditions for the end of this era.

Chinese alchemy was also flourishing in ancient times, which was the main activity of Taoism, but he did not strictly stipulate which religion it wasThat is to say, at that time, practicing parameters became more of a way to prolong life, but at that time there was no guidance of scientific theories, and it was purely a skill, not a science. <>

In the early stage of the development of any kind of science, if it wants to really develop into science, it must be supported by theory, for example, why can the earliest electromagnetic induction phenomenon develop into science now? Because the development of their productive forces is helpful, and it has electromagnetic induction phenomenon, as the principle is supported by the back, but the ancient Chinese alchemy does not have any source force, at that time people did not understand chemistry, and did not know what the chemical formula was, but they just felt that mixing these things together, mixing some herbs and some precious things that are conducive to longevity together, it is possible to help the human body. <>

Alchemy and chemistry are two completely different things, chemistry has a theoretical origin, some strange chemical phenomena discovered by some chemists in the early course of their activities, and then some chemical elements were gradually discovered, what role does it have and how did it come about, scientists gradually became clear, and then there was chemistry, but the alchemy of ancient China was completely made in practiceJust like the ancient Chinese knew how to know gunpowder, but he didn't know the main components of gunpowder, and he didn't know why he was able to produce the ability to **. <>

Physical chemistry has become a foundation for the development of many industries, so you may not be able to get some realistic and direct productivity based on physical chemistry in this basic discipline, but if you divide it in detail, many research directions need these two things as the basisThat's why there was a saying a few decades ago, learning mathematics, physics and chemistry well is not afraid to go all over the world, although it is not so serious now, but physical chemistry is still very important.

1 Taoist math is not good, there is no quantitative analysis.

2 Confucian culture says that what is useless does not need to be studied. The residue is not studied, and astronomy is not studied.

3 The dynasty restricted the theory of the five elements, what to do if something that was not within the five elements was found, the theory could not break through.

Traditional Chinese medicine actually has the opportunity to appear in modern chemistry, but due to the limited inheritance of master and apprentice, it cannot expand its influence, and there are too few people who study it.

China's alchemy is developed, why has a chemical system not been formed? Why?