Information on bionics, information on bionics

1. Biomimicry is a discipline that is both old and young.

2. People study the principles of the structure and function of living things, and invent new equipment, tools and technologies according to these principles, and create advanced technologies suitable for production, study and life.

3. The term biomimicry was coined in 1960 by the American Steele based on the Latin word "bios (meaning of the way of life)" and the end of the word "nlc" ('with ......nature's meaning)" The term has only been in use since about 1961. Biomimicry is a discipline that aims to achieve and effectively apply biological functions in engineering to the extent that certain living organisms have so far been superior to those of any man-made machine.

For example, the structure and function of living organisms such as information reception (sensory function), information transmission (neural function), and automatic control systems have greatly inspired the mechanical design. Biomimetic examples can be cited, such as the application of the dolphin's body shape or structure (which allows the surface of the body to be free of turbulence when swimming) to submarine design principles.

4. For another example, flies are the spreaders of bacteria and are generally classified as pests, but the wings of flies are natural navigators. Moreover, its eyes are a kind of "compound eye", which is composed of more than 3,000 small eyes, and people imitate it to make a "fly's eye lens". The "fly's eye lens" is a new type of optical component, and it has many uses.

The "fly's eye lens" is made of hundreds or thousands of small lenses neatly arranged and combined, and it can be used as a lens to make a "fly's eye camera", which can take thousands of identical photos at a time. These cameras have been used for printing plates and for mass copying of tiny circuits of electronic computers, greatly improving ergonomics and quality.

5. Biomimicry is also considered to be a discipline closely related to cybernetics, which is mainly a discipline that compares life phenomena and mechanical principles for research and interpretation.

1 Imitated by a nasty fly, a very peculiar small gas analyzer was successfully imitated. It has been installed in the cockpit of a spacecraft to detect the composition of the gases in the cabin.

2。From fireflies to artificial cold light;

3。Electric fish with volt batteries;

4。The downwind ears of jellyfish, imitating the structure and function of jellyfish ears, designed the jellyfish ear storm instrument, which can predict the storm 15 hours in advance, which is of great significance to the safety of navigation and fishery.

5。According to the visual principle of frog eyes, people have successfully developed an electronic frog eye. This electronic frog eye can identify objects of a specific shape with the same accuracy as a real frog eye.

After the electronic frog eye is installed in the radar system, the anti-jamming ability of the radar is greatly improved. This radar system can quickly and accurately identify specific shapes of aircraft, ships, missiles, etc. In particular, it can distinguish between real and fake missiles and prevent the real from being confused with the real.

Electronic frog eyes are also widely used in airports and traffic arteries. At the airport, it can monitor the take-off and landing of aircraft, and can issue an alarm if it detects that the aircraft is about to collide. In the traffic arteries, it can direct the driving of vehicles and prevent the occurrence of vehicle collisions.

6。According to the principle of the bat ultrasound locator, people also imitated the "pathfinder" for the blind. This pathfinder is equipped with an ultrasonic emitter that a blind person can carry to spot people on electric poles, steps, bridges, etc. Today, "ultrasound glasses" with a similar effect have also been made.

7。An incomplete photosynthesizer that mimics cyanobacteria will be designed to bionic photolyzed water, so that a large amount of hydrogen can be obtained.

8。Based on the study of the human skeletal muscular system and bioelectric control, a human augmenter - a walking machine has been imitated.

9。The hooks of modern cranes originated from the paws of many animals.

10。The roof corrugated roof mimics the scale armor of animals.

11。The oars mimic the fins of a fish.

12。The saw learns the mantis arm, or sawgrass.

13。Xanthium was inspired to invent Velcro.

14。Lobsters with a keen sense of smell provide ideas for people to make odor detectors.

15。Gecko toes offer an encouraging prospect for creating adhesive tapes that can be used over and over again.

16。The colloids produced by shellfish from their proteins are so strong that they can be used for everything from surgical sutures to ship repairs.

Fly --- small gas analyzer: According to the structure and function of the fly smeller, it is imitated as a very peculiar small gas analyzer.

Electric Fish - Volt Battery: At the beginning of the 19th century, the Italian physicist Volt designed the world's earliest volt battery based on the electric fish power generation organ.

Jellyfish ---Jellyfish Ear Storm Instrument: Biomimetics have designed the Jellyfish Ear Storm Instrument based on the structure and function of the jellyfish ear, which quite accurately simulates the jellyfish's organs that sense infrasound waves.

Fireflies - fluorescent lamps : In the 40s of the last century, people invented fluorescent lamps based on the study of fireflies.

The contribution of birds to biomimicry.

From the emergence of Archaeopteryx to the present, in the long process of evolution over hundreds of millions of years, birds have formed many effective navigation, identification, calculation, energy conversion and other systems, and their sensitivity, efficiency, accuracy, and drought resistance are amazing. The study of these structural and functional principles and their simulations to improve existing or create new machines, instruments and processes is an important part of biomimicry research.

Birds are highly capable of flying, and of course modern airplanes far surpass birds in many performances, but when it comes to saving energy, they are dwarfed in dexterity. For example, a bird flies more than 4,000 kilometers over the ocean continuously and loses kilograms; The small hummingbird can not only rise and fall vertically, but also take an upright position when sucking nectar, and hang in the air to advance and retreat freely, which is extremely flexible. The research and use of these special functions will further improve the performance of the aircraft.

For example, wild ducks can fly leisurely at an altitude of 9,500 meters, while people can already feel difficult to breathe when they reach 4,500 meters. Studying why birds can still have cerebral blood vessels open under thin air conditions can be of great significance for humans to live normally and prolong life in an environment with insufficient oxygen supply.

Pigeons make a great contribution to biomimicry. It has a small and sensitive special structure on its legs, and people imitate a new instrument according to its principle to make the forecast more accurate. Its eyes have a special ability to recognize due to the presence of 6 functionally specific ganglion cells in its retina

Leaf brightness detector, ordinary edge detector, convex edge detector, direction detector, vertical edge detector, horizontal detector, people imitate the cell structure on its retina to make the pigeon eye electronic model, although the structure is not as complex and perfect as it, but installed on the warning radar, applied to the electronic computer to process the relevant data has broad prospects.

Seawater accounts for 97% of the total amount of water on Earth. The artificial desalination of seawater is currently equipped with huge equipment, complex structure and high energy consumption. However, seabirds such as seagulls and albatross can expel salt from the seawater they drink through a salt gland near their eyes, and once this function is simulated, the prospects for human use of the ocean will be even broader.

In addition, people are developing the Hawkeye system missile based on the structure of the Hawkeye, which can automatically find and identify the target and track the attack when it flies over the target.

People invented snowmobiles based on penguins, and flies invented fly lenses.

The honeycomb is composed of a neatly arranged hexagonal prismatic small beehive, the bottom of each small hive is composed of three identical diamonds, these structures are exactly the same as the diamond-shaped obtuse angles and acute angles accurately calculated by modern mathematicians, and are the most economical structures, and the capacity is large and extremely strong, which has amazed many experts. People imitate its structure and use various materials to make honeycomb sandwich structural panels, which have high strength, light weight, and are not easy to conduct sound and heat, and are ideal materials for building and manufacturing aerospace aircraft, spaceships, artificial satellites, etc. Each eye of the bee's compound eye is lined up next to each other with polarizers that are sensitive to the direction of polarized light, which can be accurately positioned using the sun.

Scientists have successfully developed polarized light navigators based on this principle, which have long been widely used in navigation.