There are several common network topologies

Bus Star Extended Star Ring.

Specific explanation: The physical connection form of a computer network is called the physical topology of the network. Computers connected to the network, large-capacity external memory, high-speed printers, and other devices can be regarded as a node on the network, also known as a workstation.

Commonly used topologies in computer networks include bus type, star type, ring type, etc.

Bus topology.

A bus topology is a physical structure that shares pathways. In this structure, the bus has the function of two-way transmission of information, and is generally used for the connection of local area networks, and the bus generally adopts coaxial cable or twisted pair.

The advantages of the bus topology are: it is easy to install, it is easy to expand or delete a node, there is no need to stop the normal operation of the network, and the failure of the node does not affect the system. Since each node shares a bus as a data path, the channel utilization is high.

But the bus structure also has its drawbacks: due to channel sharing, there should not be too many connected nodes, and the failure of the bus itself can lead to the collapse of the system.

Star topology.

The star topology is a radial interconnection structure that takes the first node as the center and connects several peripheral nodes. This structure is suitable for local area networks, especially in recent years, most of the connected local area networks have adopted this connection mode. This connection method uses twisted pair or coaxial cable as the connection line.

The characteristics of the star topology are: easy installation, simple structure, low cost, usually with the hub as the first node, easy to maintain and manage. The proper functioning of the node is critical to the network system.

Ring topology.

A ring topology is a closed structure that connects network nodes. Signals travel in one direction from one device to another, each with a transceiver, and a fixed delay time for information to be held on each device.

This structure is particularly suitable for LAN systems with real-time control.

The ring topology is characterized by easy installation, low cost, and easy to find and eliminate cable faults. In order to improve the communication efficiency and reliability, some network systems adopt a double-ring structure, that is, a ring is set on the original single ring, so that each node has two receiving channels.

The weakness of a ring network is that when a node fails, the entire network doesn't work properly.

Tree topology.

A tree topology is like a tree with its roots facing up, and the main difference compared to a bus topology is that there are no roots in the bus topology. The network of this topology generally uses coaxial cables, which are used in military units, departments and other departments with strict and hierarchical boundaries on the upper and lower levels.

The characteristics of the tree topology are that it is easy to expand and the faults are easy to separate and deal with, but the disadvantages are that the whole network is very dependent on the root, and once the root of the network fails, the whole system cannot work normally.

Common network topologies include star structure, ring structure, bus structure, distributed structure, tree structure, mesh structure, and honeycomb structure.

1. Star structure.

The star structure is the oldest way to connect, and the ** that everyone uses every day belongs to this structure. The general network environment is designed as a star topology. Star nets are one of the most widely used network topologies.

2. Annular structure.

The ring structure is often used in the LAN. Transmission** in this structure goes from one end user to another until all end users are connected in a loop. Data travels between nodes in one direction in a loop, and information is passed from one node to another.

This structure obviously eliminates the dependency on a central system for end-user communication.

3. Bus type.

The transmission information on the bus is usually serially transmitted in the form of baseband, and the network interface board hardware on each node has the function of receiving and receiving, and the receiver is responsible for receiving the serial information on the bus and converting it into parallel information to send to the PC workstation; The transmitter converts parallel information into serial information and broadcasts it to the bus, and the destination address of the message sent on the bus is consistent with the interface address of a node.

The receiver of the node receives the information. Because each node is directly connected by a cable, the cable length required in the bus topology is the smallest, but the bus only has a certain load capacity, so the bus length is limited, and a bus can only connect a certain number of nodes.

4. Distributed.

A distributed network is a form of network in which computers distributed in different locations are interconnected through lines. The distributed structure of the network has the following characteristics: due to the use of decentralized control, even if a part of the entire network fails, it will not affect the operation of the whole network, so it has high reliability.

5. Tree structure.

Compared with the star type, its total length of communication lines is shorter, the cost is lower, the nodes are easy to expand, and it is more convenient to find paths, but in addition to the leaf nodes and the lines connected to them, the failure of any node or the lines connected to it will affect the system.

6. Mesh topology.

A mesh topology is a network where nodes are connected by transmission lines, and each node is connected to at least two other nodes. The mesh topology has high reliability, but its structure is complex, the implementation cost is high, it is not easy to manage and maintain, and it is not often used in local area networks.

There are six topologies commonly found in computer networks:

Star topology A star is a structure with a center, multiple nodes. It has a simple structure, easy connection, relatively easy management and maintenance, and strong scalability. The network delay time is small, and the transmission error is low.

The center is trouble-free, and the general network is fine. If the center fails, the network will have problems, and the sharing ability will be poor, and the utilization rate of communication lines will not be high.

Bus topology.

The bus topography structure connects all the devices to a connecting medium. The bus structure requires a small number of cables and a short cable length, making it easy to route and maintain. Multiple nodes share a transmission channel, and the channel utilization rate is high. But don't look for diagnostic faults.

Ring topology network.

A ring topology network is a closed loop of nodes. The Bureau of Industry has fewer stations and saves equipment. Of course, this leads to a problem with one node, and the network will have problems, and it is difficult to diagnose the fault.

Tree topology Tree topology evolved from bus topology, shaped like an inverted tree, with the tree root at the top, and branches below the tree root, each branch can also have sub-branches, and the tree root receives the data sent by each site, and then broadcasts it to the whole network. Good extension, easy to diagnose errors, but high requirements for roots.

Mesh topology is the most widely used, its advantage is that it is not affected by bottleneck problems and failure problems, one day the line has problems, you can do other lines, but it is too complex and the cost is high.

Hybrid topologies.

It is a combination of two or more of the above. For example, there are many star bus type, star ring type, etc.

There are three main topologies of Zigbee networks, namely mesh networks, slag star networks, and composite networks.

1.A mesh network is generally a network formed by several FFDs connected together, and there is complete peer-to-peer communication between them, and each node can communicate with other nodes within its wireless communication range.

2.The star network is a network composed of a PAN coordination point and one or more end nodes, the PAN coordination point must be FFD, which is responsible for initiating, establishing and managing the entire network, and the other nodes, generally RFD, are distributed within the coverage of the PAN coordination point, and directly communicate with the PAN coordination point such as the line opening point. Star nets are usually used when the number of nodes is small.

In the composite network, the information collected by the terminal node is first transmitted to the coordination point in the same subnet, and then transmitted to the PAN coordination point of the upper layer of the network through the network joint, and the composite network is suitable for the network with large coverage.

The four common topology diagrams are as follows:

The topology of a network refers to the geometry of the interconnection of communication lines and sites (computers or devices) in a network. According to the different topologies, networks can be divided into three basic types: star networks, ring networks, and bus networks. On the basis of these three types of network structures, other types of topological structures such as tree network, cluster star network, and mesh network can be combined.

1. Star network topology, the star network topology is characterized by a control center, centralized control, and each station is connected to the central station through a point-to-point link.

2. Ring topology, the ring topology is that each station is connected into a closed ring through the communication medium, each node is connected to the network through a repeater, and each repeater is connected end to end. The ring network communication mode is that one site sends out information, and other sites on the network can receive it completely.

3. Bus network structure, in the bus network structure, all sites share a data number channel. The bus network is simple and convenient to install, the cable that needs to be laid is the shortest, the cost is low, and the macro distribution fault of a certain site generally does not affect the entire network, but the failure of the medium will cause the network to be paralyzed. Bus networks are less secure, more difficult to monitor, and not as easy to add new sites as star networks.

As a result, bus-based network structures are now largely obsolete.

4. Tree-like structure, tree-like structure is an extended form of bus-like structure, and the transmission medium is a branch cable that is not closed. It is mainly used in the hierarchical structure composed of multiple networks, and its characteristics are roughly the same as those of the bus-type structure network.

Hello dear kiss I am happy to answer this question for you 1. Star topology: Star topology is the most common network topology, which is characterized by the fact that each node is directly connected to the control node (node), and the nodes are not directly connected to each other. It is simple, easy to operate, and easy to maintain, but there is a bottleneck caused by the concentration of network traffic on the first node.

2. Ring topology: Ring topology refers to the connection between nodes in the form of a ring network scattered mountains and land, there is no ** node in the ring topology, all nodes are connected to each other, and each node can be used as the control node of the network. It has the characteristics of simple network structure and balanced network traffic, but because of the existence of ring structure, it will affect the performance of the network.

3. Tree topology: Tree topology is a network topology, which is characterized by a tree-like structure, with a root node, and the rest of the nodes are forked from the root node, and each child node can be forked out of a plurality of sub-nodes, and finally form a tree-like structure. It has the characteristics of simple network structure, easy maintenance, network traffic concentrated on the root node, and unsatisfactory performance.

4. Interstellar topology: Interstellar topology is a network topology, which is composed of a plurality of central nodes and several branch nodes, and its characteristics are that each node is directly connected to other nodes, so as to realize the full connectivity of the network. It has the characteristics of simple network structure, balanced network traffic between nodes, and high network reliability, but it has the problems of large number of smart roads and high cost.

5. Grid topology: Grid topology is a network topology, which is characterized by a number of nodes synthesizing a grid, each node is connected with its adjacent nodes, and the network is fully connected. It has a simple network structure, balanced network traffic, and high network reliability, but it has a very large number of lines and a high cost.

I hope you find my reply helpful, oh kiss <>