Which organisms are in partnership in Antarctica

Bacteria with life forms, silicon.

Algae, yeast, fungi.

The three existing flowering plants in Antarctica are herbaceous, one is cushion-like grass, and the other two are hairgrass plants, whose morphology is similar to that of grasses, with narrow leaves, parallel veins, knots, and spikelet-like inflorescences.

There are 7 species of Antarctic penguins, about 100 million of them, they are: emperor penguins, Adélie penguins, Jintu penguins (aka Gentoo penguins), hatband penguins (aka Antarctic penguins), king penguins (aka king penguins), rocky penguins and flashy penguins.

Antarctic cod, Antarctic gulls, penguins, seals, krill, whales, albatrosses, petrels, more than 100 species of fish, Antarctic starfish, red sea urchins, Antarctic sun and moon shells, snaketails, sea spiders, ice and snow algae, jumping insects, ticks, etc., there are many species, only the introduction point is representative.

Plants in land snow and ice.

The plants in the land ice and snow include cyanobacteria and blue-green algae, and the most abundant is blue-green algae, also known as ice algae. They live on water and nutrients from snow and ice, and photosynthesize with the help of sunlight. The coast of the Antarctic continent is home to a constant thickness of sea ice.

In summer, when the sun becomes stronger, the ice melts and accumulates into water, which looks like the surface of the sea. In winter, the water begins to freeze and gradually thicken, and a brown layer forms in the lower part of the sea ice, which is due to the growth of ice algae. Colonies of ice algae hang down from the bottom of the sea ice into the sea, and if you dive and look up, it looks as if there is a thick lawn growing on the bottom of the sea ice.

In summer, melting ice is accompanied by ice algae that breaks off from the sea ice and sinks to the bottom of the sea, becoming food for sea creatures.

Animals of Antarctica.

Due to the harsh climate, there are only a few animal species in Antarctica, but it has been observed that each animal has a large number of individuals.

The birds of the Antarctic region are all seabirds, mainly penguins, albatrosses and petrels. There are about 39 million albatrosses; There are 19 species of petrels, with about 11 million individuals. If penguins are included, the total number of seabirds is even more impressive, about 17.8 billion, accounting for 18 of the world's total seabirds

There are about 20 species of penguins in the world, 7 species in Antarctica, and about 100 million of them: emperor penguins, Adélie penguins, Jintu penguins (aka Gentoo penguins), hatband penguins (aka Antarctic penguins), king penguins (aka king penguins), rocky penguins, and flashy penguins.

There are 34 species of seals in the world, including 6 species in Antarctica, namely elephant seals, leopard seals, Weddell seals, crab-eating seals, Ross seals and Antarctic fur seals, totaling about 32 million individuals, accounting for 90 percent of the global seals

There are as many as 12 species of whales that gather in the Southern Ocean, and they can be divided into two categories: one is baleen whales, and the larger ones are blue whales, finned whales, blackboard baleen whales, spinosa whales, giant gibbon whales, right whales, etc.; The other group belongs to toothed cetaceans, and the larger ones are sperm whales, orcas, etc.

In total, there are only more than 100 species of fish in the waters around Antarctica. Antarctic fish are marine ectotherms, and their body temperature changes with the change in ambient temperature, which is consistent with the temperature of seawater, and there is no constant body temperature. When the sea temperature drops to freezing, the body temperature of Antarctic fish is also close to freezing, however, because Antarctic fish have antifreeze proteins in their blood, although their body temperature is reduced, their body fluids are not frozen, so Antarctic fish can live normally in temperatures below the freezing point of sea water.

The waters around Antarctica are also home to a large number of benthic organisms, such as Antarctic krill, red sea urchins, Antarctic sun and moon shells, sea spiders, etc. Although the biomass of benthic organisms in the Southern Ocean is large, it takes a long time to return to its original state due to the slow growth rate due to low water temperatures, and if it is damaged.

At present, scientists are stepping up research on Antarctic organisms, which will help people understand the ecological environment of Antarctica, so as to further discover the unknown side of Antarctic ice and provide important help for further unraveling the mysteries of Antarctica.

I think the outstanding feature of the Antarctic continent is that there are very few terrestrial organisms, most of the plants are mosses and algae, most of which are propagated by spores, and there are about 10 species of flowering plants, which are very short; Most of the animals are mollusks, crustaceans, and wingless insects. In addition, there are a large number of penguins and birds, and there are 18 species of penguins in the world, which are the lesser white-sided penguin, white-sided penguin, yellow-eyed penguin, Magellanic penguin, Peruvian penguin, Galapagos penguin, emperor penguin, king penguin, Adri-Adri penguin, Antarctic penguin, Gentoo penguin, Horne penguin, horned penguin, horned horn penguin, Cape Marcelloni penguin and straight-crowned horned penguin. There are many creatures in the sea, the famous krill is a favorite of penguins, and there are a large number of fish and mammals.

Antarctic icefish is a rare delicacy! Seals in the Antarctic region.

There are 4 types. Compared with Antarctica, there are more than 100 kinds of flowering plants, more than 2,000 kinds of lichens, and more than 500 kinds of mosses, many of which are not available in Antarctica. Arctic animals are mostly mammals.

A household name for polar bears.

Arctic hare, beluga whale.

Narwhals, Arctic wolves, Arctic seals, lemmings, and more. There are 7 species of seals in the Arctic, bearded seals, grey seals, ringed seals, saddle seals, and crested seals.

The Antarctic is a continent that covers extremely thick glaciers and is much cooler than the Arctic.

The Arctic is an ocean, with occasional glaciers, and the overall temperature is higher than that of the Antarctic.

Because the surrounding geographical factors of the northern and southern hemispheres are different, the overall temperature is different, which can be judged from polar bears and Antarctic penguins.

The Antarctic and the North Pole are the two sides of the Earth, that is, the two ends of the Earth, which also have very cold weather and icy waters. But Antarctica is a continent, that is, Antarctica, while the North Pole is an ocean, called the Arctic Ocean, which is a qualitative difference between the two levels. So the Antarctic is colder than the Arctic.

Moreover, the creatures of the Antarctic and the Arctic are also different, and the more representative ones are the penguins in the Antarctic and the polar bears in the Arctic.

The creatures in the Antarctic and the Arctic are indeed very different, and the creatures that live on both ends of the earth have similar connotations.

The South Pole is a continent, while the North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean! The South Pole is colder than the North Pole, and there is an ozone hole over the South Pole! In terms of biology, there are penguins in the Antarctic and polar bears in the Arctic! The Antarctic has more freshwater reserves than the Arctic!

Winter in the Antarctic is summer in the Arctic!

There are polar bears in the Arctic, penguins in the Antarctic, the Antarctic is colder than the Arctic, and there are a lot of glaciers, icebergs, and the Arctic only has small pieces of ice floes, so the Arctic only has the Arctic Ocean, but the Antarctic has Antarctica.

There are penguins in Antarctica, not in the Arctic, polar bears in the Arctic, and none in Antarctica. Also, the South Pole is much colder than the North Pole. The North Pole is inhabited, the South Pole is not. Antarctica is the only area shared by the world.

There is not a single school in the Antarctic Circle. There are not only schools but also kindergartens in the Arctic Circle, such as in Svalbard, which is more than 78 degrees north latitude.

Theoretically, no problem. But the reality is:

1. The reason why there are no penguins in the Arctic:

1.Originally, there were penguins in the Arctic, but the "Arctic great penguins" became extinct;

2.The penguins that live in Antarctica today originated south of the equator and did not make it to the Northern Hemisphere because the water temperature at the equator was too high, and the penguins could only survive in the colder waters of the Antarctic ice and snow melting and gushing out of the deep sea. So the higher temperatures at the equator and the warm waters hinder the penguins' northward movement.

Second, the reason why there are no polar bears in Antarctica.

Bears originated far away, but they developed quickly and soon found their presence on all continents. In the Tertiary period, the Earth's climate became cold, glaciers formed in the north and south poles, and most of the animals that could not withstand cold became extinct. But one of the bears, because of their thick fur, strong thermoregulation and cold tolerance, survived to become the later polar bears.

Due to plate movements, Antarctica was separated from the surrounding continents about 60 million years ago and was surrounded by the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the Atlantic Ocean, becoming an independent continent. Antarctica was already an independent continent before the emergence of bears, and bears, as continental creatures, did not have the opportunity or ability to cross the ocean to reach Antarctica, so there were no polar bears in Antarctica.

Although the North and South Poles are both cold, the geographical conditions are not similar, one has the Antarctic continent, the other has the Arctic Ocean, and the surrounding environment is also different, so the species suitable for the local area are naturally different. You can't live with a piece of land.

It depends on whether their food chain exists.

For example, slappy crustaceans and Antarctic jellyfish.

This is a schiopod crustacean whose scientific name is "mimonectes sphaericus". They live on jellyfish or their close relatives at the North and South Poles. They help the jellyfish clean themselves, and the jellyfish feed them.

They're all partners, and the enemy is us humans, hehe.

The three existing flowering plants in Antarctica are herbaceous, one is cushion-like grass, and the other two are grass-like plants, whose morphology is similar to that of grasses, with narrow leaves, slowly parallel veins, knots, and spikelet-like inflorescences.

There are 7 species of Antarctic penguins, about 100 million of them, and they are model penguins: emperor penguins, Adélie penguins, Jintu penguins (also known as Gentoo penguins), hatband penguins (also known as Antarctic penguins), king penguins (also known as king penguins), rocky penguins and flashy penguins.

Bacteria, diatoms, yeasts, fungi with life forms.

The three existing flowering plants in Antarctica are herbaceous, one is cushion-like grass, and the other two are hairgrass plants, whose morphology is similar to that of grasses, with narrow leaves, parallel veins, knots, and spikelet-like inflorescences.

There are 7 species of Antarctic penguins, about 100 million of them: emperor penguins, Adélie penguins, Jintu penguins (also known as Gentoo penguins), hatband penguins (also known as Antarctic penguins), king penguins (also known as king penguins), rocky penguins and flashy penguins.