Electrolysis of saturated saline, electrolysis of saturated brine equation

Steps and phenomena: After the power is turned on, there are bubbles on the surface of the electrode (anode) connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, and the yellow-green gas can make the moist starch potassium iodide test paper turn blue; Bubbles emerge from the surface of the electrode (cathode) connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, and a slight popping sound can be heard when the colorless gas is collected and ignited. Phenolphthalein test solution was added dropwise in the cathode area, and phenolphthalein turned red.

After the power is turned on, there are bubbles on the surface of the electrode (anode) connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, and the yellow-green gas can make the moist starch potassium iodide test paper turn blue;

Bubbles emerge from the surface of the electrode (cathode) connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, and a slight popping sound can be heard when the colorless gas is collected and ignited.

Phenolphthalein test solution was added dropwise in the cathode area, and phenolphthalein turned red.

That's not the point, the point is the question you asked about a few normal batteries (batteries that are made up of a battery pack in series.

Batteries are not recommended for the following reasons:

First, the power required for electrolysis is greater than most first-time people think about it, and a few batteries don't last long.

Second, even if the battery is connected in series, it may not reach the required voltage, resulting in a slower reaction rate, and the final product becomes a mixture of sodium hypochlorite and sodium chlorate.

Tips: Remember, definitely, definitely, definitely, graphite electrodes must be used, and electrodes made of ordinary metal (before active AG) cannot complete the experiment.

If you are a pro-trench, you can also use a platinum electrode.

The total electrolytic chemical equation is energized 2NaCl + 2H o Cl H 2NaOH.

The electrolysis of saturated brine is to accelerate the experimental reaction rate, and the dissolution amount of chlorine in saturated brine is small. When energized, the sodium chloride and water in the saturated brine are ionized, resulting in chlorine and hydrogen at the cathode and anode, respectively. The remaining hydroxide ions combine with sodium ions to form sodium hydroxide.

Experimental principle. Sodium chloride in saturated brine is completely ionized, and water molecules are weakly ionized, so there are four ions in the salt water: sodium ion Na, hydrogen ion Cl, chloride ion H, and hydroxide ion OH.

Under the action of the electric field, the negatively charged oh and cl move towards the anode, while the positively charged na and h move towards the cathode.

At the anode, Cl is more likely than OH- to lose electrons and be oxidized into chlorine atoms, which combine in pairs to form chlorine molecules and release chlorine gas.

The chemical reaction equation is: 2Cl -2E=Cl (oxidation reaction).

At the cathode, H gets electrons more easily than Na, so H continuously gains electrons from the cathode and is reduced to hydrogen atoms, which combine in pairs to form hydrogen molecules and release hydrogen gas from the cathode.

The equation for the chemical reaction is: 2H +2E=H (Reduction Reaction).

The equation for electrolytic saturated brine is as follows:

Chloride ion loss on the electrode of electrolysis saturated brine water electrons on the electrolysis reaction to obtain chlorine gas, electrolysis reaction 2Cl--2E-=Cl2, hydrogen ions on the cathode to obtain electrons to generate hydrogen, electrolysis reaction is 2H++2E-=H2, the total reaction is 2NaCl+2H2O==Energized==2NaOH+Cl2 +H2.

Generally, the solution used for electrolysis of saline is a saturated solution, direct current, the voltage should not be too large, nor too small, and the distance between the two carbon rods should be about 4 cm. When the DC power is turned on, the negatively charged OH- and CL- move to the anode, and the positively charged sodium and hydrogen ions move to the cathode. The reaction takes place under such electrolytic conditions.

At the anode, chloride ions are more likely to lose electrons than hydroxide and are oxidized into chlorine atoms, which combine in pairs to form chlorine molecules and are released. At the cathode, hydrogen ions are easier to get electrons than sodium ions, so hydrogen ions continue to gain electrons from the cathode and are reduced to hydrogen atoms, and hydrogen atoms are combined in pairs to form hydrogen molecules released from the cathode.

The introduction of electrolytic saturated salt water is as follows:

After the power is turned on, there are bubbles on the surface of the electrode (anode) connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, and the yellow-green gas can make the moist starch potassium iodide test paper turn blue; There are bubbles on the surface of the electrode (cathode) connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, collect the colorless gas and ignite, a slight popping sound can be heard, and the phenolphthalein test solution is added dropwise in the cathode area, and the phenolphthalein turns red.

In industry, it is commonly used to produce sodium hydroxide by electrolysis of salt water. Since chloride ions or chlorine gas come into contact with sodium hydroxide solutions to produce sodium chloride and sodium hypochlorite (Naclo), industrial sodium hydroxide uses a specially constructed electrolyzer with an ion exchange membrane (which does not allow negatively charged chloride ions or chlorine gas to pass through) to isolate chloride ions or chlorine from sodium hydroxide.

Chlorine reacts with sodium hydroxide solution: 2NaOH + Cl2 = NaCl + NaClo + H2O, and the generated NaClo has strong oxidation, and its salts can be used as bleach and poisonicides.

Positive: (2Cl-) trapped - 2E-) = Cl2 Negative: 2H2O + 2E-) H2 + 2Oh-) Total ionic formula: Energized.

2Cl- +2H2O===H2 + Cl2 + 2OH Total Chemical Sophora Jujube Formula: Electrolysis.

2nacl + 2h2o cl2 (gas) + h2 (gas) + 2naoh remember to pick up the lead ruler to dismantle my answer, oh, I wish you progress in your studies.