The influence of the Tibetan Plateau on the monsoon and the influence of the Tibetan Plateau on the

The Tibetan Plateau definitely has an impact on the monsoon.

1. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau itself has the highest altitude in the world, and it is difficult for the monsoon to reach, so the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has formed a unique climatic unit.

2. Because the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the highest in the world, it blocks the winter monsoon of the Siberian and Mongolian Plateaus in the south, so that the winter climate on the south, east and southeast sides of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is milder. At the same time, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau also blocks the westward advance of the summer monsoon from the southeast Pacific Ocean and the northward movement of the summer monsoon from the southwest Indian Ocean, so that the precipitation in the southern foothills of the Himalayas is more abundant, thus forming the world's rain pole - Qirapunzi; At the same time, the abundance of precipitation in the eastern and southeastern parts of China has also exacerbated the drought and lack of rain in the northwest of China.

3. As for the formation of the monsoon, it is mainly due to the fact that the southern part of Asia and the eastern part of East Asia are located between the world's largest continent and the largest ocean.

We know that land temperatures are higher than the ocean in the summer and lower than the ocean in the winter.

In winter, the temperature is low and high in the northern part of the central Eurasian continent, and the temperature in the Pacific Ocean is high and low, forming a northerly winter monsoon. In summer, the Xinjiang and Mongolian plateaus in the central part of the Eurasian continent have high temperatures and low pressures, and the Pacific Ocean has low temperatures and high pressures, forming a southerly summer monsoon. The winter monsoon affects South Asia and eastern East Asia in winter, and the summer monsoon affects South Asia and eastern East Asia in summer.

In the past 2,000 years, the heating effect of the Tibetan Plateau has had a stronger impact on the intensity and variation of the monsoon in the Indian Ocean than in other parts of the Eurasian continent. The surface temperature of the Tibetan Plateau is sensitive to the interdecadal oscillation of the Atlantic sea surface temperature, and this linkage expands the effect of the Atlantic decadal oscillation on the interdecadal variation of the Indian Ocean monsoon.

There are different versions of this question. There are pros and cons. Some people believe that the general trend of land and sea distribution has not changed in the past 30 million years, and the difference in thermal properties between land and sea still exists, so the conditions for the formation of monsoon are still available.

The objection is that this latitude zone is affected by the subtropical high pressure zone all year round, and the climate is dry. But terrain was formed.

Theoretically, the Tibetan Plateau weakens the monsoon, because the Tibetan Plateau blocks the monsoon from the Indian Ocean, making the northern part of the Tibetan Plateau dry.

The Tibetan Plateau weakened the area of influence of the South Asian monsoon and exacerbated its impact.

In summer, the southeast monsoon and the southwest monsoon affect China.

The formation of the summer monsoon is inextricably related to the South Asian high, and the study shows that the amount of snow in winter on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau affects the strength of the South Pressure High and then affects the strength of the monsoon.

In summer, the strength of the South Asian high is directly proportional to the strength of the monsoon, and without the South Asian high, the monsoon weakens.

In winter, the Qinghai-Tibet high principle blocks the southward movement of the northwest airflow, which should be weakened.

So, your question should be divided into seasons.

The monsoon circulation has been expanded (see university meteorology and climatology textbooks for details).

The effects of the Tibetan Plateau on the climate are as follows:

1. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is used to block the westerly airflow.

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau blocks the low-altitude westerly airflow in China, dividing it into two branches, the north and the south, and the north branch of the airflow flows to the Pacific Ocean through the northwest, north, northeast and east China of China.

The southern branch airflow turned into a southwesterly airflow with higher temperature and humidity after flowing over the southern side of the Tibetan Plateau, affecting Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, South China and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China, and the two airflows finally converged near 110°E in the eastern part of the Tibetan Plateau.

In winter, the Sichuan Basin is affected by the blocking effect of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the wind speed is small, the air humidity is large, and the influence of topography is prone to cloudy weather. In summer, due to the "leeward slope" of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, if the southwest warm and humid airflow flows southward, and the southeast monsoon weakens westward, it is prone to drought.

2. The shielding effect of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau on cold and warm airflows.

In winter, because it is difficult for air from higher latitudes to cross the Tibetan Plateau, the areas south of the Tibetan Plateau are less affected by the winter monsoon, and the temperature drops less. In summer, because the southwest monsoon from the Indian Ocean rarely crosses the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau into the northwest of China, the climate in Gansu and Xinjiang will be arid.

3. The role of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in promoting the winter and summer monsoons in China.

The uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has formed a relatively independent climatic unit in the eastern part of China, which makes the difference in the thermal properties of land and sea in China extremely obvious.

Due to the high terrain, in summer, the atmosphere over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau heats up quickly, the airflow rises, and the air pressure decreases, which accelerates the formation of onshore low pressure, so that the summer monsoon blowing from the ocean to the land strengthens and even affects the eastern and southern parts of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In winter, the atmosphere over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau cools down rapidly and the air flow sinks, which increases the force of high pressure over the land and promotes the air flow to blow from the land to the sea.

Due to the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the East Asian monsoon circulation in China is stronger, the winter and summer monsoon changes more obviously, the continental climate characteristics are more prominent, and the winter monsoon affects longer and more extensively.

4 The impact of the Tibetan Plateau on precipitation in South China.

Due to the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, a relatively independent monsoon climate zone has been formed in the eastern part of China, coupled with the influence of typhoons, the precipitation in South China is extremely abundant, getting rid of the doom of becoming a desert under the control of the subtropical high, and becoming an "oasis" on the Tropic of Cancer.

In short, the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau not only makes the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau form a unique plateau climate, but also has a profound impact on the climate of Qingyou China, making China's climate complex and diverse.

Study the causes of the Tibetan Plateau:

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the most unique geological-geographical-ecological unit on the earth, and is a natural laboratory for the study of the evolution of the earth and life, the interaction between the sphere and the relationship between man and the earth.

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau plays an important role as an ecological security barrier in terms of climate system stability, water resources, biodiversity conservation, and carbon budget balance in China, and is the center of glaciation in Asia and the "water tower of Asia", as well as the regulator of environmental change in Asia and even the northern hemisphere.

The above content refers to Encyclopedia - Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

The southeast of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is affected by the southwest monsoon from the Indian Ocean and hunger in summer, due to the terrain restrictions of the Yarlung Zangbo River Valley, the easterly wind blows, and in winter, the average of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is 4500 meters, and the northerly monsoon from the Mongolian high pressure is a shallow system, with a maximum impact height of about 2000 meters, so the winter northerly monsoon cannot affect the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and its southeast cannot.

The plateau monsoon is a seasonal circulation and wind formed by the opposite thermal action of the plateau in winter and summer. Among the plateau monsoons, the monsoon on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the most typical. In winter, there is a cold high pressure on the plateau, and the airflow flows from the plateau to the surrounding areas. In summer, there is a hot low pressure over the plateau, and the air flow flows towards the plateau from all sides.

Plateau monsoon concept

The plateau monsoon was a concept proposed by Chinese meteorologists Gao Youxi and Tang Maocang at the 1962 Gansu Meteorological Annual Conference. Among the plateau monsoons, the monsoon on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the most typical. Due to the thermal difference between the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the surrounding atmosphere, a cold high pressure is formed on the plateau in winter, and an anticyclonic circulation prevails, and a thermal low pressure is formed in summer, and a cyclonic circulation prevails, and the prevailing wind direction of the plateau is almost opposite in winter and summer, and this phenomenon is called the plateau monsoon.

The horizontal range of the plateau monsoon is large in the lower layers and small in the upper layers, and the thickness is greater in summer than in winter.

Effects on atmospheric circulation and climate

1) The plateau monsoon increases the thickness of the monsoon in the lower troposphere in winter and summer. The northeast monsoon and the southwest monsoon prevail in the southeast of the Qinghai-Tibet cold high and the hot low in winter and summer, respectively, which is completely consistent with the direction of the low-level monsoon formed by the difference between land and sea heat. The combination of the two makes the monsoon thickness in southwest China particularly large.

2) The plateau monsoon destroys the planetary pressure and planetary wind belts in the central troposphere. Because the cold high pressure in winter and the hot low pressure in summer are very strong, the thickness can reach 5 km in winter and 5 7 km in summer, so below the altitude of 5 7 km, the air dissipates from the plateau outward in winter and converges to the plateau in summer, coupled with the forcing effect of the large topography of the plateau, resulting in the rise and sinking movement of the deep air layer on the plateau, forming a strong monsoon meridian circulation.

This monsoon circulation is in the same direction as the Hadley Gyre in winter, and in summer it is in the opposite direction to the Hadley Gyre, where the air rises on the plateau, flows to the lower latitudes at the upper altitudes, sinks, and then turns to the higher latitudes after reaching the ground. This monsoon circulation plays a major role in regulating air quality between the northern and southern hemispheres.