How much do humans know about time?

Between 380 and 3.6 million years ago.

In 1978, human footprints left in the volcanic tuff were found in the Letolier strata, belonging to two individuals, one large and one small. The footprints have raised arches, rounded heels, and the big toe is juxtaposed with the other four toes in front of the foot, all of which are human characteristics, so some scholars have classified it as a hominus. But no stone tools have been found in the same strata.

Johnson et al. believe that the fossils found in the Letolier strata are Australopithecus alfa, not real humans.

The Mozokto Man, originally known as Mozokto ape, found in Java, has been studied and thought to be a Homo sapiens, dating to about 1.9 million years ago.

The mystery of the birthplace.

Europe, especially Western Europe, was once considered the birthplace of humanity.

Paleoanthropologists have been trying to find the right one for this series of questions. Most paleoanthropologists believe that human beings are marked by the manufacture of tools, and that human ancestors before the appearance of real people are called "pre-humans" by scientists.

Erection is a morphological sign of the separation of man from the main trunk of the common ancestor of the apes, and the area from which he separated from the main trunk can be described as the earliest cradle of humans.

Human beings continue to evolve and develop, and finally become modern people, and at the same time form different modern human races, and the area where this evolutionary process is completed is the last cradle of human evolution.

When exploring the origin of human beings, it is necessary to first establish the premise that human beings are a biological species, and they can only have one ancestor, and cannot be multiple ancestors. It cannot be said that blacks have one ancestor and whites have another. Because although different species can marry each other, they cannot give birth to offspring, and only the same species can have children.

If we advocate the theory of human multi-ancestry, we will make a common-sense mistake in biology, which has confirmed that human multi-ancestry or pluralism is contrary to scientific common sense.

Whether humans separated from the ape trunk in Africa, then into Asia, or whether they started in Asia has been a topic of debate among paleoanthropologists for more than a century.

More than 70 years after the first juvenile Australopithecus skull was found in Africa in 1924, a series of human fossils have been found in Africa, and this series of fossils constitutes a fairly complete system. In contrast, fossils excavated from Asia are difficult to compare, so most paleoanthropologists believe that it is more likely that humans originated in Africa.

Human Review. Anthropologists, archaeologists, historians, biologists, chemists, and even philosophers and religious scholars have studied the origin of human beings from various angles, but no one has been able to explain it so far.

There are many myths and legends about the origin of mankind among various peoples, and some of them coincide, but of course there are differences, in these myths. Summarizing the various myths, the origin of human beings can be divided into five types: "called out", "originally existed", "plant evolution", "animal evolution", and "created by dust".

The history of human evolution Homo homo (homohabilis) About 1.5 million to 2.5 million years ago, one of the tribes of Australopithecus evolved into homo hominis, which first appeared on the east coast of Africa, that is, the so-called early ape-man, which means that man can make tools, and is the earliest hominid animal.

Soon after the discovery of the Homo sapiens fossil, it was recognized that the human specimens described under this name were of different forms and should not be classified as a single species, and the specimens with larger brains were separated and called homo rudolfensis. As the number of specimens found increased, the interpretation changed dramatically. The name Homo sapiens refers specifically to small specimens.

The brain size of the Homo sapiens specimen is only 600 cubic centimeters, which overlaps with the brain size of Australopithecus, while the brain size of the Homo sturbidis is 700 to 900 cubic centimeters, which is obviously much larger. It was originally thought that the earliest use of tools was Homo sapiens, which was thought to be a sturdy man, and Homo sapiens has been classified as a later species of Australopithecus.

At the beginning of the Paleolithic Age, after hundreds of thousands of years of evolution, Homo erectus was eventually replaced by a new species of human: Homo erectus. Homo sapiens coexisted with their offspring, Homo erectus, for some time.

The earliest stone tools found in Africa, called the Olduvai culture, were originally thought to belong to the Capable Man, and it was thought that it should belong to the Sturdy Man.

Use the tool. The use of tools has been interpreted by scholars as a sign of intelligence, and scholars have theorized that tool use may have triggered some aspect of human evolution--- most notably the continuous expansion of the human brain. Paleontology still fails to explain the expansion of the brain over millions of years, even if the need for the brain is very high in terms of energy expenditure.

The brain of contemporary humans consumes about 20 watts (400 kcal per day), which accounts for one-fifth of the body's energy expenditure.

The increased use of tools has allowed humans to hunt energy-rich meats and have the ability to process more energy-rich plant products. Researchers believe that early humans were under evolutionary pressure to improve their ability to create and use tools.

The above content refers to Encyclopedia - History of Human Evolution.

When did humans appear?

Humans appeared 250,000 to 40,000 years ago.

It is generally believed that Homo erectus evolved from Homo erectus, but it is controversial[1] that Homo erectus became extinct after the later rise of Homo sapiens (modern humans) out of Africa or before that. Late Homo sapiens (new humans) are anatomically modern humans. It began to appear about 450,000 years ago.

The main morphological differences between the two are the reduction of the anterior teeth and face, the weakening of the brow ridge, and the increase in skull height, which is more pronounced in modern humans. Late Homo sapiens arms were no more than knees, body hair was degenerated, there was language and labor, and there was a social and class character.

Historical Development of Mankind:

Homo sapiens evolved from Homo erectus, which has a larger brain capacity. Modern humans (homo sa pianssapians) and Homo sapiens belong to the same species. The development and complexity of the brain may be conducive to social life in groups, which is very conducive to cooperative prey, food gathering, and information exchange, thus giving Homo sapiens an advantage in the competition for survival.

Obvious religious rituals have developed among Homo sapiens, and these rituals may have been based on the idea of life and death. According to current research, animals probably do not have a concept of life and death. Homo sapiens began to dig graves for the dead of their kind, placing tools and clothing in the tombs so that the dead could be used in another world.

The above content reference:Encyclopedia — Humanity.

Human beings living on the earth must have had a very early feeling for the time phenomena of the change of cold and heat, the rise of the sun and the setting of the moon, so it must be a very early thing for people to have a concept of time, and I believe that there is already a certain concept of time when human society is formed. And the four seasons, the full moon and the rising and setting of the sun should naturally become the earliest time signs.

In ancient times, people did not have the tools to accurately measure time, but only judged the morning and evening of time by the rise and fall of the sun, so there was a saying that "the sun rises and the sun rests". However, by the time of the Zhou and Han dynasties, China had instruments to measure time. The earliest timer was a water timepiece - a leaky pot, according to the "Sui Zhi":

The system of missing engraving, the cover began with the Yellow Emperor. This shows that it appeared early.

Leaky pot sundial.

Another type of timer is called a sundial, which is an iron needle erected in the middle of a round stone slab, around which is engraved with a time marker, and the shadow of the iron needle can indicate the time as the sun rises and sets. The stargazing platform established by Guo Shoujing in Dengfeng, Henan Province in the Yuan Dynasty has a height of 40 feet, a length of 128 feet, and a weight of 18 tons, so that the reading of the length of the sun shadow can be accurate to millimeters. To this day, the Palace Museum in Beijing still has the ancient excellent cultural heritage of the sundial.

In the middle of the 16th century, the Italian physicist Galileo Galilei was inspired by the chandeliers in churches to invent the pendulum clock, and the clock was born. However, the clock was extremely rudimentary, with only one hour hand indicating the "hour", and it was only in the eighteenth century that the minute hand appeared, and the second hand in the nineteenth century. People divide the day into 24 hours, 1 hour and 60 minutes, 1 minute and 60 seconds.

One second is an average solar day of 1,86,400

Generally speaking, the sign of human appearance is upright walking, and the time of the appearance of ancient humans, some people believe that it should be between about 5 million and 7 million years ago, although this conclusion is currently somewhat debated, but there is no doubt that it is at least about 4 million years old. Since the 20th century, archaeologists and paleoanthropologists have found fossils of ancient humans or remains of tools used by ancient humans in many parts of the world, such as Africa, Asia, and Europe. For example, the 1.7 million-year-old human bone fossil discovered by Yuanmou in China in 1965; The fossilized bones of Australopithecus australopithecus "Lucy", discovered in Ethiopia's Hadar Valley in 1974, were determined to be at least 3 million years old, and so on.

All the evidence points to multiple sources of human origin. The early evolution of humans was very slow, after about millions of years of evolution, only about 200,000 years ago, humans evolved into early Homo sapiens, about 100,000 years ago, humans evolved into late Homo sapiens, and modern humans belong to late Homo sapiens. Obviously, in this long evolutionary process, not all ancient humans can evolve into late Homo sapiens, that is, modern humans.

So where did the modern people scattered around the world today come from? Did they come from the same place, or did they evolve from local hominins, or was there something else? This is a question that anthropologists have been studying for a long time.

Now many people think that all modern people in the world are from the African continent, about 200,000 years ago, due to great changes in nature and ecology, the black pygmies in Kenya in East Africa began to go out of Africa, about 100,000 years ago, they reached the current Middle East, and then scattered to all parts of Asia, about 60,000 years ago, they arrived in today's America and Australia, gradually replacing the original Homo erectus around the world, and evolved into the common ancestor of modern people all over the world. In 1999, scientists from the Center for Human Genetics at the University of Texas in the United States and Chinese scientists jointly wrote an article pointing out that popular genetic studies proved that the ancestors of China's Homo sapiens, that is, the yellow race of Asians, were also black people from Africa, and that about 40,000 to 60,000 years ago, modern humans in Africa came to southern China and gradually replaced the ancients on the Asian continent. However, there are also some scholars who oppose the idea that humans share an African ancestry.

For example, some Chinese scholars believe that modern humans in China originated from early Homo sapiens in China, and they believe that ancient human fossils found throughout China prove that from Homo erectus, represented by Peking Man, to modern Chinese, there was no interruption, but only a small amount of hybridization was incidental.

Time originates from the moment the universe begins, and energy produces speed and distance. Man's concept of time should be understood as the time when man has an idea of the laws of nature. In general, the base of time is defined by the day and night produced by the movement of the sun and the earth.

With the development of human civilization and the precision of time, there have been different definitions of time, human time and cosmic time...

Your statement is not accurate, to be exact, small animals have an accurate concept of time. The elephant's memory can now be determined to be 60 years old. When you say the concept of time, I guess I mean the year. This probably started in the Oracle era.

1.7 million years ago Yunnan Yuanmou ape man.