Will China hit the world s top basic science problems in the future?

In the future, we will continue to provide stable support to top-notch scientists and hit the world's top basic science issues." Gao Hongjun, director of the Bureau of Frontier Science and Education of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said at a regular press conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in the first quarter of 2018 on March 26.

Since 2016, the Chinese Academy of Sciences has deployed the Key Research Program for Frontier Science, aiming to provide relatively stable support for the three generations of top-notch scientists of the old, middle and young generations, so that they can "sit on the cold bench and dare to gnaw hard bones", challenge the most cutting-edge scientific problems, and produce more major original achievements at the international leading level.

Gao Hongjun introduced that the Frontier Bureau of the Chinese Academy of Sciences organized scientists to form a platform for cross-research and cross-field collisions, and made important progress in the output of original scientific achievements. It is reported that the implementation of the frontier science program has received enthusiastic responses from scientists from all the Chinese Academy of Sciences. After careful evaluation by high-level academicians and experts with the Academic Committee of the Chinese Academy of Sciences as the main body, nearly 600 top-notch scientists have been supported in their innovative research work and the growth of a number of high-level talents has been promoted.

China's future is, of course, the economy, and how to develop the economy feels that China's way out ......

The only way out for China to promote modernization under severe resource constraints is to change the mode of economic growth, rely on scientific and technological progress and take a new path of industrialization, build a resource-saving society, and achieve sustainable development. The report pointed out that in the next 15 years, China will vigorously readjust its industrial structure, product structure, technological structure, and enterprise organizational structure, rely on technological innovation, institutional innovation, and management innovation to form a production and consumption pattern that is conducive to saving resources throughout the country, develop a conservation-oriented economy, and build a conservation-oriented society. To this end, effective measures will be taken:

The first is to raise the conservation of resources to the height of the basic national policy, and take "population control, resource conservation, and environmental protection" as China's basic national policy in the new era, form a policy environment and social atmosphere for creating an energy-saving society, and establish an index system that comprehensively reflects factors such as economic development, social progress, resource utilization, and environmental protection, and embodies the scientific concept of development. Second, it is necessary to change as soon as possible the extensive economic growth mode of high consumption and high pollution, and gradually establish a resource-saving national economic system. The third is to adjust the strategic focus, while continuing to promote industrial energy conservation, strengthen energy conservation in buildings, transportation and other fields, and advocate a resource-saving lifestyle.

To achieve sustainable development under the conditions of economic globalization, China will continue to practice the policy of opening wider to the outside world, solve the problem of resource shortage through international exchanges, and pay attention to the introduction of external funds and advanced technology and equipment, especially advanced technologies and equipment that are conducive to further improving the efficiency of resource utilization, and reduce the pressure on resources and the ecological environment caused by industrialization. Moreover, China will actively carry out international cooperation in the fields of energy, resources and the environment, and embark on a new path of sustainable development.

The Chinese Academy of Sciences recently held a press conference and released a number of measures aimed at ensuring the output of major original achievements. Gao Hongjun, director of the Bureau of Frontier Science and Education of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that in the future, it will continue to put in place institutional mechanisms and management measures to ensure the output of major original achievements.

For example, we will further strengthen the organization and management of Class B pilot projects, strengthen the implementation of closed mountains, carefully cultivate, focus on the direction of fields that are expected to achieve breakthroughs, and provide appropriate additional support; Further strengthen the construction of centers of excellence, and give strengthened support to centers with outstanding achievements in talent teams, achievement output, and integration of science and education. Do a good job in organizing and striving for national key R&D programs in basic science, and assist in promoting the deployment of new key R&D plans; fully support the construction of three national science centers in Beijing, Shanghai and Hefei; Actively carry out cutting-edge scientific research on large scientific facilities. In addition, the Chinese Academy of Sciences will continue to steadily support top-notch scientists through the Frontier Science Program, challenge the country's top basic science problems, adhere to standardized management, and explore new ways to build key laboratories.

Gao Hong said: "In terms of supporting top-notch scientists to hit the world's top scientific problems, we will adhere to the principle of 'sending charcoal in the snow', and increase support for top-notch young scientists in accordance with the principle of 'on-demand support, dynamic adjustment, and overall funding'." In the evaluation of the key laboratory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, we insist on the elimination of the last place, and the evaluation is not only a number of awards, but also pays more attention to the opinions of peer experts, hoping to form a benign incentive mechanism. ”

Huang Wei, vice minister of science and technology, said at a press conference held by the State Council Information Office on the 11th that China will comprehensively strengthen basic scientific research and strive to build a major scientific center and innovation highland in the world by the middle of this century. At the meeting, the "Several Opinions on Comprehensively Strengthening Basic Scientific Research" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions") issued a few days ago was also interpreted.

The "Opinions" established the "three-step" development goal of China's basic scientific research, and proposed that by the middle of this century, China will be built into a major scientific center and innovation highland in the world, and a number of major original scientific achievements and world-class scientific masters will emerge, so as to provide strong scientific support for building a prosperous, strong, democratic, civilized, harmonious, and beautiful modern socialist country and a world science and technology power.

The "Opinions" made key deployment arrangements from five aspects.

The first is to improve the layout of basic research. Starting from education, more preference will be given to key basic subjects such as mathematics and physics; strengthen basic frontier scientific research, and strengthen the advanced deployment of major scientific issues; Optimize the basic research support system of the national science and technology plan.

The second is to build a high-level research base. Layout and construction of national laboratories, focus on national goals and strategic needs, and strengthen national strategic scientific and technological strength; strengthen the construction of basic research and innovation bases, and optimize the layout of innovation bases such as state key laboratories; Strengthen the regular assessment, assessment and adjustment of scientific and technological innovation bases.

The third is to strengthen the contingent of basic research talents. Cultivate strategic scientific and technological talents and leading scientific and technological talents with international standards, strengthen the cultivation of young and middle-aged and reserve scientific and technological talents, stabilize high-level experimental and technical talents, and build high-level innovation teams.

Fourth, it is necessary to raise the level of internationalization of basic research. We will continue to participate in international major scientific programs and projects initiated by other countries or countries, and based on China's existing conditions, select a number of projects with potential for cooperation in relevant advantageous and characteristic fields for cultivation, and strive to initiate and organize new international major scientific programs and projects.

Fifth, it is necessary to optimize the mechanism and environment for the development of basic research. Strengthen the top-level design and overall coordination of basic research, establish a diversified investment mechanism for basic research, further deepen the reform of scientific research projects and fund management, promote the integration of basic research and applied research, promote the open sharing of scientific and technological resources, establish and improve evaluation mechanisms that conform to the characteristics and laws of basic research, and strengthen the establishment of scientific research integrity.

I hope to pay more attention to scientific research.

It is required to thoroughly implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and the strategy of innovation-driven development, give full play to the role of science and technology as the primary productive force, give full play to the role of innovation as the first driving force for development, aim at the world's frontier of science and technology, strengthen basic research, deepen the reform of the scientific and technological system, promote the integration and innovative development of basic research and applied research, strive to achieve major breakthroughs in forward-looking basic research and leading original achievements, comprehensively enhance innovation capabilities, and comprehensively promote the construction of an innovative country and a world science and technology power. It provides strong support for accelerating the construction of a modern socialist country and realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

The three-step development goal of China's basic scientific research has been clarified. It is proposed that by the middle of this century, China will be built into a major scientific center and innovation highland in the world, and a number of major original scientific achievements and world-class scientific masters will emerge, so as to provide strong scientific support for building a prosperous, strong, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful modern socialist country and a world science and technology power. The "Opinions" put forward the following principles to be adhered to in comprehensively strengthening basic scientific research:

First, follow the laws of science and adhere to the guidance of classification; the second is to highlight original innovation and promote integrated development; the third is to innovate the system and mechanism to enhance the vitality of innovation; Fourth, strengthen collaborative innovation and expand open cooperation; Fifth, strengthen stable support and optimize the investment structure.

Twenty key tasks for comprehensively strengthening basic scientific research were put forward from five aspects. The first is to improve the layout of basic research. Strengthen basic and applied basic research, and strengthen the advanced deployment of major scientific issues around the frontiers of science and national needs; optimize the basic research support system of the national science and technology plan; optimize the layout of basic research areas; Promote the construction of major national scientific and technological infrastructure.

The second is to build a high-level research base. Focus on national goals and strategic needs, lay out the construction of national laboratories, and strengthen the construction of innovation bases such as state key laboratories. The third is to strengthen the contingent of basic research talents.

Cultivate strategic scientific and technological talents and leading scientific and technological talents with international standards, strengthen the cultivation of young and middle-aged and reserve scientific and technological talents, stabilize the team of high-level experimental and technical talents, and build a high-level innovation team. Fourth, it is necessary to raise the level of internationalization of basic research. Organize and implement international major scientific programs and major scientific projects; Deepen international cooperation in basic research, increase the openness of national science and technology plans, and implement the "Belt and Road" science and technology innovation action plan.

Fifth, it is necessary to optimize the mechanism and environment for the development of basic research. Strengthen the top-level design and overall coordination of basic research, establish a diversified investment mechanism for basic research, further deepen the reform of scientific research projects and fund management, promote the integration of basic research and applied research, promote the open sharing of scientific and technological resources, establish and improve evaluation mechanisms that conform to the characteristics and laws of basic research, strengthen the construction of scientific research integrity, and promote the spirit of science and the culture of innovation.

Strengthen the comprehensiveness and quietness.

Jiapeng Yunxiang is strong and practical.

Chain beats enhance elasticity.

1.Adhere to the combination of market regulation and guidance. Give full play to the decisive role of the market in allocating resources, strengthen the rational guidance of national industrial policies, and realize the optimal allocation of resources.

2.Enhance the level of industrial technology with independent innovation. Enhance the ability of independent innovation as the central link in the adjustment of the industrial structure, establish a technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body, market-oriented, and a combination of production, education and research, vigorously improve the ability of original innovation, integrated innovation and the ability to introduce, digest, absorb and re-innovate, and improve the overall technical level of the industry.

3.Adhere to the new road of industrialization. We should promote industrialization with informationization and promote informationization through industrialization, follow the development path of high scientific and technological content, good economic returns, low resource consumption, less environmental pollution, safety and security, and give full play to the advantages of human resources, and strive to promote a fundamental change in the mode of economic growth.

4.Promote the coordinated and healthy development of the industry. Develop advanced manufacturing industry, increase the proportion and level of the service industry, strengthen infrastructure construction, optimize the industrial structure and layout of urban and rural areas, optimize the structure of foreign investment and foreign investment, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the masses, strive to expand employment, and promote coordinated economic and social development.

The adjustment of the industrial structure includes two aspects: rationalization and upgrading of the industrial structure. The rationalization of industrial structure refers to the industrial structure in which various industries coordinate with each other, have strong industrial structure transformation ability and good adaptability, can adapt to changes in market demand, and bring the best benefits, which is specifically manifested in the process of coordination and balance between industries. The upgrading of the industrial structure is also known as the upgrading of the industrial structure. It refers to the transformation process of the industrial structure system from a lower-level form to a higher-level form.

The upgrading of the industrial structure generally follows the law of evolution of the industrial structure, from low to high.