Seek 10,000 words of reading notes for the outline of modern Chinese history!!

Outline of Modern Chinese History:

Modern Chinese history can be divided into two phases. The first stage was from the outbreak of the Opium War in 1840 to the eve of the May Fourth Movement in 1919, which was the stage of the old democratic revolution.

The second stage, from the May Fourth Movement in 1919 to the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, was the stage of the new democratic revolution. This period began with the outbreak of the Opium War in June 1840 and ended with the founding of the People's Republic of China on October 1, 1949.

In the following 100 years, the May Fourth Movement in 1919 was used as the boundary marker, the early period was the period of the old democratic revolution, and the later period was the period of the new democratic revolution, but they all belonged to the category of bourgeois democratic revolution.

(1) The Opium War forcibly opened the door of China's backwardness and closure.

China's thousands of years of feudalism and society, the broad masses of people confined to a limited land, living a self-sufficient closed life, to the later period of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, this closed and backward and more prominent, when the world is developing, especially the European economy after hundreds of years of rapid development, advanced technology and modern civilization, to the European people not only brought improvement in life, but also brought more freedom and democracy to the European people, so that China and the world, especially Europe, the gap is greater, Although Western countries have adopted two uncivilized means, "opium" and "artillery", when opening China's closed door, China's closed door needs to be opened after all, and external forces can promote this process to a certain extent.

2) Promote the development of Chinese commerce.

Since the Treaty of Nanjing stipulated the trade between the five ports, Guangzhou, Xiamen, Shanghai, Ningbo, and Fuzhou were successively opened as commercial ports. The opening of the five cities and the opening of the port, to promote the development of the five cities at that time, the old commercial center of Guangzhou and the new commercial center of Shanghai is the most prosperous, the other second, China also appeared a group of big businessmen such as Wu Jianzhang of Guangzhou, Yangfang and others, these businessmen with millions of capital, although some businessmen are dependent on foreigners, but after all, it is China's earlier businessmen with a sense of modern business, they promoted the development of China's commerce at that time.

c) brought the modern civilization and technology of Europe.

With the gradual opening of China's national door, some foreign civilizations and technologies, especially some foreign progressive and open democratic ideas and free ideas, have also begun to emerge in Chinese mainland. For example, Wei Yuan, a famous thinker at that time, also studied the process of the "Opium War" and put forward several principles in foreign relations. The first is to "listen to the mutual market of countries to use money, and hold the opium of the first treaty to exchange the market", which is to allow legal ** and oppose opium**.

The second is "the long skill of Shi Yi to control Yi", although the "long skill of Yi" referred to by Wei Yuan mainly refers to guns. These ideas of Wei Yuan and others became the pioneers of the Chinese intellectuals at that time to put forward the idea of "learning from the West", and since then, some advanced technologies and new products from the West have also begun to enter China one after another, and the Chinese people have also begun to gradually understand the Western world.

In short, the Opium War was the starting point of China's enslavement by foreign capitalism, it transformed China from a feudal society to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, and it marked the beginning of China's modern history. However, the Opium War also forcibly opened China's closed door, and China's long-standing policy of closing the country to the outside world was broken, and a group of advanced Chinese began to open their eyes to the world, and a new trend of thought emerged to seek Western knowledge and learn Western military technology to ward off foreign insults. Therefore, in a sense, the Opium War also promoted the collapse of the ancient feudal and *** China to a certain extent.

1. Recognize the feeling after reading.

After reading an article or watching a TV series, the whole article or part of it leaves a deep impression on you, moves you, and also makes you think of a lot of things you have heard, seen, and experienced.

2. How to choose a bibliography.

Choose books that interest you, especially articles that can explain a lesson or learn the spirit of the characters in the text. (It is best to choose people and write articles).

3. Usual writing:

1) Quotation: Quote songs, famous sayings.

2) How to give examples: You can cite ancient and modern examples, as well as things that you have heard about and experienced yourself, as long as the center of the example is consistent with the center of the article.

The function of positive examples is to make the center clearer and prove that this principle is correct, and this quality is worth learning.

Fourth, the structural arrangement:

The first paragraph: Write down the time of the reading, the title of the book, and the general feelings. (I benefited a lot.) I'm very impressed......）

The second paragraph: summarize the central idea in three or five sentences. (Write the main content first, and then write the reason or character quality of the explanation).

Paragraph 3: Give positive examples that come to mind from this principle or quality (ancient, modern, and one's own examples).

Paragraph 4: Give negative examples (ancient, modern, around, oneself) that come to mind from this principle or quality.

Paragraph 5: Issuing a call to action, advocacy.

Positive and negative examples, not the same ancient or the same modern, it is better to have a sense of hierarchy, such as Lei Feng's service to the people, and then his own selfishness.