What is the significance of transpiration in plants?

The temperature is high. Plant transpiration.

Transpiration. It is the process by which water is lost into the atmosphere in a state of water vapor from the surface of a living plant (mainly leaves). Unlike the process of evaporation in physics, transpiration is not only affected by external environmental conditions, but also regulated and controlled by the plant itself, so it is a complex physiological process.

When plants are young, all surfaces exposed to air can transpire.

The transpiration of growing plants is mainly in the leaves. There are two ways of leaf transpiration: one is transpiration through the stratum corneum, which is called cuticle transpiration; The second is transpiration through stomatal transpiration, which is called stomatal transpiration, and stomatal transpiration is the most important way of plant transpiration.

Physiological significance of transpiration: it is the main driving force for plants to absorb and transport water, which can accelerate the rate of transport of inorganic salts to the aboveground parts, reduce the temperature of the plant body, and enable the leaves to photosynthesize under strong light without being damaged. The amount of water lost by plant transpiration is significant.

It is estimated that it takes one corn plant to be consumed from seedling emergence to harvest.

Four or five hundred pounds of water. Autotrophic green plants must exchange gases with their surroundings during photosynthesis. Therefore, the water in the plant is inevitably lost along the water potential gradient, which is the inevitable result of the plant's adaptation to life on land.

Proper inhibition of transpiration not only reduces water consumption, but is also beneficial to plant growth. Under high humidity conditions, the plant grows more luxuriantly. In the production of vegetables and other crops, the use of sprinkler irrigation can increase air humidity and reduce transpiration, which can generally increase yield compared with soil irrigation.

Transpiration is the process by which water is lost from the surface of plants into the atmosphere in a state of water vapor.

It can be divided into stomatal transpiration and keratin transpiration.

Transpiration is the main driving force for plants to absorb and transport water, and it is also the driving force for the transportation of inorganic salts from roots to aboveground stems and leaves, and can also reduce the temperature of plants and avoid high temperature damage. ）

When you blow hard from one end of the petiole towards the leaf, many small bubbles emerge from the leaf. It turns out that spinach leaves have many small pores called "stomata", which are called the "gateway" of plant transpiration and water loss, and also the "window" of gas exchange, which plays a vital role in plant photosynthesis and transpiration.

Physiological significance of transpiration.

1.The transpiration pull produced by transpiration is the main driving force for plants to passively absorb and transport water.

2.Transpiration promotes the transport of substances in xylem sap. Minerals, salts in the soil and substances synthesized by the roots can be transported and distributed to all parts of the plant body with water absorption and collection.

3.Transpiration lowers the temperature of the plant. This is because water has a high heat of vaporization, which can dissipate a large amount of radiant heat during transpiration.

4.The normal process of transpiration is conducive to the assimilation of CO2, because when the leaf undergoes transpiration, the stomata are open, and the open stomata become the channel for CO2 to enter the leaf.

Environmental significance. It provides a large amount of water vapor to the atmosphere, keeps the local air moist, lowers the temperature, and allows the local rain to be abundant, forming a virtuous cycle.

Transpiration refers to the process of water being lost from the surface of the living plant body (mainly leaves) to the atmosphere in a state of water vapor, which is different from the evaporation process of physics, transpiration is not only affected by external environmental conditions, but also regulated and controlled by the plant itself, so it is a complex physiological process. When plants are young, all surfaces exposed to air can transpire.

The physiological significance of transpiration is as follows:

1 Transpiration is a major driving force for the absorption and transport of water by plants, especially in tall plants, if there is no transpiration, the water absorption process caused by transpiration pull cannot be produced, and the higher parts of the plant cannot obtain water.

2 Since mineral salts (inorganic salts) must be dissolved in water in order to be absorbed and run in the body, since transpiration is the driving force for water absorption and flow, minerals are also inhaled and distributed to all parts of the plant body with the absorption and flow of water. Therefore, transpiration is helpful for the transport of both types of substances in plants.

3 Transpiration reduces the temperature of the leaves. When sunlight hits the leaves, most of the energy is converted into heat, and if the leaves do not have the ability to cool down, the leaves will be burned if the leaf temperature is too high. During transpiration, when water becomes water vapor, it absorbs heat energy, so transpiration lowers the temperature of the leaf surface.

The steaming plant action is the power of the root to absorb water, prompting the root to absorb water from the soil, promoting the water cycle, evaporating the water in the soil into the atmosphere, and then turning it into rain and returning to the ground.

Facilitates the transport of water and inorganic salts, allowing the inorganics absorbed by the roots to be transported to all parts of the plant. The upward force of transpiration makes the plant resist gravity and elongate upward.

Transpiration can also reduce the temperature of the surface of the plant body, and transpiration can also increase atmospheric humidity, increase precipitation, reduce atmospheric temperature, and regulate climate. Transpiration fills the inside of the plant with water, providing water to animals that do not drink alone.

Transpiration promotes the absorption of water by roots, only about 1% of the water absorbed by the plant body from the soil through the roots is utilized by the plant body, and more than 99% of the water is emitted into the atmosphere from the stomata of the leaves in the form of water vapor through transpiration, which is not a waste of water, and transpiration has its important significance.

The main processes of transpiration in plants are: moisture in the soil, root hairs, intra-root ducts, intrastem ducts, intraleaf ducts, stomata and atmosphere. When plants are young, all surfaces exposed to air transpire. The main forms of transpiration are:

Stratum corneum transpiration: Transpiration through the cuticle of leaves and herbaceous stems, called stratum corneum transpiration, accounts for about 5% to 10% of transpiration. The cutaneous transpiration of young leaves can reach 1 3 to 1 2 of the total transpiration.

In general, the transpiration of mature leaves of plants accounts for 5% to 10% of the total transpiration. Plants that have grown under drought conditions for a long time have lower cuticle transpiration, with total transpiration of less than 5%.

Pore transpiration: The transpiration of woody plants through the cracks in the skin pores of branches and cork tissues is called skin pore transpiration. However, the amount of canopy transpiration is very small, accounting for about the total canopy transpiration.

Stomatal transpiration: Transpiration through stomata is called stomatal transpiration, and stomatal transpiration is the most important way of plant transpiration. Stomata are important gateways for in and out of the body of plants.

Water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO), and oxygen (O2) all share the stomata channel, and the opening and closing of the stomata will affect the physiological processes of plants such as transpiration, photosynthesis, and respiration.

Clause.

First, transpiration can reduce the temperature of the leaves.

Clause. 2. Transpiration promotes the absorption of water by roots.

Clause. 3. Transpiration promotes the transport of water and inorganic salts.

1. Transpiration is an important physiological activity of green plants, which plays a vital role in maintaining the content of water in plants and reducing the temperature of plants in the high temperature season. 2. The transpiration of plants is affected by the temperature and light in the environment: within a certain range, the higher the temperature, the greater the light intensity, and the greater the transpiration intensity; The lower the temperature, the weaker the light intensity and the less transpiration intensity.

In addition, transpiration is also affected by air humidity and air flow velocity: the smaller the air humidity, the greater the air flow velocity, and the greater the transpiration intensity; The higher the humidity of the air, the smaller the air velocity and the less intensity of transpiration.

3. Plants absorb water from the soil through the roots and dissipate it from the leaves to the body through transpiration. If there is more water emitted and absorbed, the somatic cells of the plant will lose water and shrink, and the plant will wilt.

4. In the life of a corn plant from seedling to fruit, it needs to consume more than 200 kg of water. Through experimental analysis, the use of this 200 kg of water is roughly as follows:

1872 grams of water as a compositional ingredient.

250 g of water to maintain physiological processes.

Transpiration consumes 202106 grams of water.

The total water consumption during the growing season is 204228 grams.

It can be seen that only about about the water absorbed into the body by plants is actually used for various physiological processes and retained in the plant, while about 99% of the water is transpired away.

5. ( The color of the front is dark, because the upper surface is close to the palisade tissue, and the cells of the palisade tissue are closely arranged and contain more chlorophyll;

The color of the back is light, because the lower surface is close to the sponge tissue, and the sponge tissue cells are loosely arranged and contain less chlorophyll;

When the leaves fall, the back side is facing up, because the sponge tissue on the back is loosely arranged, and the leaf veins are mostly protruding to the back, and the specific gravity is small. 6. Summary: The plant body emits a large amount of water through transpiration, which is not a simple waste, and has important physiological significance for the self-generated life activities of the plant body

Reduce foliar temperature to avoid burns;

Promotes water absorption;

Promotes the transport of water and inorganic salts in the body.

At the same time, the transpiration of plants also has a great impact on the environment, which regulates the climate well

Reduced temperature in the surrounding environment;

increased air humidity;

Increased rainfall.

Transpiration.

1. Definition: The process by which water is emitted from the leaf in the form of a gas.

2. Significance: Inside.

Lowers the temperature of the plant body.

Appearance. , promote water absorption and transportation.

Facilitate the transportation of inorganic salts.

Regulate the climate and alleviate drought.

3. Factors influencing transpiration:

The stronger the light, the stronger the transpiration.

The higher the temperature, the stronger the transpiration.

The higher the air temperature, the weaker the transpiration.

1. Dermal pore transpiration: The corpore transpiration of woody plants through the cracks of the cork tissue of the branch is called epipore transpiration. 2. The transpiration of the stratum corneum through the stratum corneum of leaves and stems of herbaceous plants is called stratum corneum transpiration. 3. Stomatal transpiration through stomatal transpiration is called stomatal transpiration, and stomatal transpiration is the most important way of plant transpiration.

The significance of transpiration for the plant itself is as follows:

Transpiration loses a large amount of water, absorbs heat, lowers the air temperature, lowers the temperature of the plant body, especially the leaves, and avoids burning; Transpiration is the driving force for root water absorption, which promotes the upward transport of water and inorganic salts

Transpiration is the process of water loss from the surface of living plants (mainly leaves) to the atmosphere in a state of water vapor, which is different from the evaporation process of physics, transpiration is not only affected by external environmental conditions, but also regulated and controlled by the plant body, so it is a complex physiological process. The main processes are: moisture in the soil, root hairs, intra-root ducts, intrastem ducts, intraleaf ducts, stomata, and atmosphere.

When plants are young, all surfaces exposed to air can transpire.

Transpiration through the cuticle of leaves and herbaceous stems is called cuticle transpiration, and acacia occurs about 5% to 10% of transpiration. The cutaneous transpiration of young leaves can reach 1 3 to 1 2 of the total transpiration. In general, the transpiration of mature leaves of plants accounts for 5% to 10% of the total transpiration.

Plants that have grown under drought conditions for a long time have lower cuticle transpiration, with total transpiration of less than 5%.

Stomata are small pores in the epidermal tissue of plant leaves, which are generally composed of pairs of guard cells. Guard cells are surrounded by epidermal cells, and adjoining epidermal cells that are morphologically identical to other epidermal cells are called neighbouring cells, or subsidiary cells if they are distinctly different. The guard cells form a stomatal complex with neighboring cells or paraguard cells.

Guard cells are morphologically and physiologically distinct from epidermal cells.