What are the functions of bryophyte roots?

Bryophytes do not have roots in the true sense of the word, only false roots, which mainly play a fixed role. It is structurally different from the roots of seed plants.

Bryophytes are a group that transitions from aquatic to terrestrial, so they are relatively inferior higher plants. There is a certain structural differentiation in each vegetative organ, but it is not so clearly divided in some functions. Compared with stems and leaves, false roots can also absorb water and inorganic salts, but the surface area is smaller and the absorption efficiency is lower.

This is very different from seed plants.

The roots of bryophytes are pseudoroots (filaments made up of single cells or a column of cells with protruding epidermis) and have no true roots. There is no vascular tissue inside the false root, which cannot absorb water and inorganic salts, and only plays the role of fixed support.

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The main functions of bryophyte roots are to absorb nutrients such as water and inorganic salts, and to attach to the surface of other objects in the soil.

The main characteristics of bryophytes are: the roots are small and the leaves are large, some plants have stems, some only have stems and leaves, and are suitable for living in a hot and dry environment, relying on spores to reproduce offspring. Bryophytes have hard, thick stems and leaves, do not flower, have no seeds, and reproduce with spores.

The moss is a false root, which is its fixation.

The roots of bryophytes are false roots and cannot absorb water and inorganic salts.

Roots: Bryophytes have no roots in the real sense, only false roots, which mainly play a fixed role, and are different from the roots of seed plants in structure;

Stem: There is no guide in the stem, and the tube does not have a grooming tissue similar to that of seed plants, which can play a certain supporting role;

Leaves: Most of the cells are monolayers, with good permeability, absorbing water and inorganic salts;

Bryophytes are inferior to seeds, and in general, all vegetative organs have the ability to absorb water and inorganic salts, and stems and leaves play a major role.

Ecological function. Prevent soil erosion.

Bryophytes have a strong ability to absorb water and grow very densely and quickly, often in dense clusters. The amount of water absorbed can sometimes reach 15 to 20 times the dry weight, thus preventing soil erosion.

Promotes soil formation.

Bryophytes secrete an acidic substance that dissolves the rock surface during their slippery growth, while accumulating substances and moisture in the air, causing the rock surface to gradually form soil. The moss that covers the surface of the soil also prevents soil erosion and protects the soil that is formed.

Indicator function to detect the level of air pollution.

The leaves of bryophytes are single-celled structures, and toxic gases can easily invade the leaf cells, resulting in bryophytes being unable to survive. Therefore, observing the growth of bryophytes can be used to detect the air quality of the surrounding environment based on the sensitive characteristics of bryophytes to toxic gases. In general, it is difficult to find their traces around heavily polluted towns or factories.

Economic function. Ornamental value.

Bryophytes have a unique natural beauty. They grow densely like a green carpet hanging from the surface of the soil. They are very interesting and give a sense of tranquility and comfort. Recently, it has also been widely used in landscaping.

Medicinal properties. Bryophytes are used in a wide range of applications. In addition to the above, they also have medicinal properties.

Relevant data show that there are 18 families of bryophytes known as medicinal bryophytes, such as Cucurbitaceae, Sorrel Huhong, Sorrel Scorpion, etc. It can be used for coronary heart disease, myocarditis, neurasthenia and psychosis.

1. Bryophytes are pioneers of nature.

Many bryophytes are able to secrete a liquid that slowly dissolves the surface of rocks, accelerating the weathering of rocks and contributing to the formation of soils, so bryophytes are also pioneers in the growth of other plants.

2. Bryophytes can promote the terrestrial transformation of swamps.

Bryophytes can promote the terrestrial of marshes, so they are called "surface shapers". Sphagnum moss, wet moss and other extremely moisture-tolerant bryophytes grow and reproduce in lakes and swamps, and their senescent plant bodies or the lower part of the plant body gradually die and decay, and settle to the bottom of the water, over time, the plant remains will accumulate more and more, so that bryophytes continue to develop to the center of lakes and swamps, the clean water area of lakes and swamps continues to shrink, the bottom of the lake gradually rises, and finally, lakes and swamps become land.

3. The indicative role of bryophytes.

Many species of bryophytes can be used as indicators of soil pH. Rocky black moss, like the soil with white hair moss and large blonde moss, is acidic soil; The soil where wall moss grows is alkaline.

4. Bryophytes have the function of maintaining water and soil.

Bryophytes that grow in clusters and in cushion shapes, with a lot of gaps between plants. Therefore, they have a good role in soil retention and water storage. Some bryophytes also have the function of storing a large amount of water, such as the large water-storing cells in the leaves of sphagnum mosses, which can absorb up to 20 times their weight in water.

5. Used as fertilizer and fuel.

Peat mosses can be used as fertilizer to increase the water absorption of sandy soil, and can also be dried as fuel to generate electricity.

6. Medicinal value.

Some kinds of sphagnum moss can also be used as herbal medicine, which can clear away heat and reduce swelling, and peat phenol can cure ** disease.

Prevent soil erosion Bryophytes have a strong ability to absorb water, and grow very densely and quickly, generally dense clusters, and the water absorption can sometimes reach 15 to 20 times the dry weight, so it has the effect of preventing soil erosion.

Promotes soil formation As bryophytes grow, they secrete an acidic substance that dissolves the rock surface and accumulates substances and water in the air, prompting the rock surface to gradually form soil. The moss that covers the soil surface also protects the soil by preventing soil erosion.

Indicator function to detect the level of air pollution The leaves of bryophytes are single-celled structures, and toxic gases can easily invade the leaf cells, resulting in bryophytes that can no longer survive. Therefore, based on this sensitive property of bryophytes to toxic gases, observing the growth of bryophytes can be used to detect the air quality of the surrounding environment. It is often difficult to find them in heavily polluted towns or around factories.

Ornamental value Bryophytes have a unique natural beauty, they grow densely, like a green carpet hanging on the soil, which is very interesting and brings a sense of calm and comfort. Recently, it has also been widely used in landscaping.

Medicinal Properties Bryophytes are versatile and have medicinal properties in addition to the above. Relevant data show that there are 18 families of bryophytes known to have a variety of mosses that can be used medicinally, such as cucurbitaceae, lantern mosses, beads and so on. It has a certain role in coronary heart disease, myocarditis, neurasthenia, psychosis and so on.

1. Prevent soil erosion: bryophytes generally grow densely, so they can grasp the soil, and the value plants also have strong water absorption, so they help to maintain water and soil.

2. Contribute to the formation of soil: Moss can secrete acidic substances to dissolve the rock surface, and can also accumulate substances and moisture in the air, so that the rock surface gradually forms soil.

3. Used as fertilizer and fuel: It can be used as fertilizer and increase the water absorption of pure soil, and can also be dried as fuel.

4. As medicinal materials: Some bryophytes can be used in medicine, such as Dajin quietly opening the moss and other early travel.

5. Provide food to birds and mammals.

6. As an indicator plant of air pollution: Because the leaves of bryophytes are a single-layer cell structure, they are easy to inhale pollutants in the air and are very sensitive to pollutants.

There are about 23,000 species of bryophytes worldwide, including hepaticae and musci, bryophytes are generally short and prefer dark, damp environments. However, some people divide bryophytes into three classes: bryophytes, anthocerotae and mosses.

The main characteristics of mosses and mosses are as follows.

Gametophytes. Moss.

Class: mostly flattened phyllodes, dorsal and ventral; There is no vascular tissue in the body; The root is a pseudoroot composed of single cells.

Moss. Class: There is the differentiation of stems and leaves, and the stem has a medium laughing axis, but no vascular tissue; The root consists of branched pseudoroots composed of a single row of cells.

Sporophyte. Moss.

Class: Composed of basal feet, shortened capsule stalks and capsule, the capsule has no capsule, the spore capsule has spores and filaments, and when mature, it is irregularly dehisced at the top.

Moss. Class: It is composed of three parts: basal foot, capsule and spore stalk, the capsule is longer, the top of the capsule has cap and capsule, ** is the capsule, there is a robe in the capsule, there is no elastic filament, and the cover is cracked when mature.

Protonema. Moss.

Class: When the spore capsule is born, the protofilament is underdeveloped, does not produce bud body, and each protofilament only forms a new plant body (gametophyte).

Moss. Class: The protofilament is well developed, and a plurality of buds are produced on the protofilament field, and each bud body forms a new plant body (gametophyte) habitat. Moss.

Class: Fertility on damp earth, rocks and damp tree trunks.

Moss. Class: Liverworts are resistant to low temperatures, and can often form large communities in temperate zones, cold zones, alpine tundra, forests, swamps, and often form large communities.