What sports does Wang Anshi actively promote? and Liu Zongyuan of the Tang Dynasty and Su Shi of the

Ancient Literature Movement Tang and Song Dynasty Eight Families.

The Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song dynasties were the central figures who presided over the Tang Dynasty's ancient literary movement, advocating prose and opposing prose, which had a profound impact on the literary world of the time and later generations.

He and "Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Zeng Gong", and called "the eight masters of the Tang and Song dynasties". According to the title of "Eight Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties", Zhu You compiled the articles of the above eight essayists into the "Eight Gentlemen's Anthology" in the early Ming Dynasty, and the name of the Eight Masters began here. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, Tang Shunzhi compiled the "Wen Compilation", which only took the articles of eight essayists of the Tang and Song dynasties, and the articles of other writers were not accepted.

This played a certain role in the stereotype and spread of the names of the eight masters of the Tang and Song dynasties. Soon after, Mao Kun, who admired Tang Shunzhi, selected eight articles according to the compilation method of Zhu and Tang, and compiled them as "The Eight Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties", and the name of the Eight Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties was fixed.

Wang Anshi, Liu Zongyuan and Su Shi are known as the eight masters of the Tang and Song dynasties. Because the slippery people advocated prose for them and opposed prose, the creative style was roughly the same and had a profound influence on the literary world of that time and later generations. Therefore, it is called the Eight Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties.

The Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties is the collective name of the eight major prose writers of the Tang and Song dynasties, namely Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in the Tang Dynasty, and Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Ouyang Xiu, Wang Anshi, and Zeng Gong in the Song Dynasty. The literary circles of the Tang and Song dynasties have the highest literary achievements in Xinshu and the most widely circulated Luxin, so they are called the eight masters of the Tang and Song dynasties.

At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu You initially compiled the prose works of eight writers in the Tang Dynasty, including Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in the Tang Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu, Wang Anshi, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, and Zeng Gong in the Song Dynasty. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the ancient writer Mao Kun sorted out and compiled it on the basis of the former, and named it "Eight Great Literary Notes", with a total of 160 volumes. "The Eight Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties" got its name from this.

It has had a profound impact on future generations.

Wang Anshi promoted the poetry and literary innovation movement.

From a literary point of view, Wang Anshi's works have outstanding achievements in poetry, literature, and words. The poetry and literary reform movement launched in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty was strongly promoted in his hands, and contributed to sweeping away the flashy remnants that were all the rage in the early Song Dynasty.

However, Wang Anshi's literary propositions emphasize too much on "practicality" and often underestimate the role of art forms. Wang Anshi devoted himself to the study of scriptures, wrote books and lectures, and was known as "Confucianism", created "Jinggong New Learning", and promoted the formation of the Song Dynasty's doubtful scriptures and ancient learning style.

In literature, Wang Anshi has outstanding achievements. His prose is concise and concise, short and concise, with clear arguments, rigorous logic, strong persuasiveness, and gives full play to the practical function of ancient texts, ranking among the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties".

His poems are "thin and hard", good at reasoning and rhetoric, and the poetry style in his later years is subtle and deep, deep and graceful, and he has become a family in the Northern Song Dynasty poetry circle with the style of Fengshen Yuanyun, and is known as "Wang Jing Gongti".

His lyrics and writings are nostalgic for the ancient, the artistic conception is vast and vast, and the image is distant and simple, creating a unique emotional world of scholars and literati. There are "Wang Linchuan Collection", "Linchuan Collection" and so on.

In the fourth year of Xining (1071), Wang Anshi promulgated a decree to reform the imperial examination system, abolishing the old system of taking scholars from poems and chapters, and restoring the "Spring and Autumn Period" and the three Ming scriptures. In the autumn of the same year, the system of Taixue three-way method was implemented.

。It is a vigorous reform in Chinese history aimed at the social reality of "poverty and weakness" in the Northern Song Dynasty at that time, with the purpose of enriching the country and strengthening the army. Wang Anshi based on the principle of "giving birth to the wealth of the world because of the power of the world, and taking the wealth of the world for the expenses of the world", starting from financial management, promulgated the "".

Also known as), and implemented. and the art of war to strengthen the army. The results achieved by the reform are obvious to all, but it ended in failure, and Wang Anshi's defects and various shortcomings in the reform are the main reasons.

Categories: Culture Art >> Literature and Imperial Studies >>**Problem Description:

Language exams, help.

Analysis: Su Shi experienced the five dynasties of the Northern Song Dynasty Renzong, Yingzong, Shenzong, Zhezong, and Huizong in his life. When he first entered the official career, it was when the political hypocrisy and social crisis of the Northern Song Dynasty began to be exposed, and the call for reform of scholars and doctors was increasing.

During the reign of Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi implemented a new law, hoping to change the situation of poverty and weakness in the Song Dynasty. Although Su Shi advocated reform, opposed to conformism, and suppressed the strong and powerful, he also did not agree with Wang Anshi's theory of law change, Su Shi believed that "if you want to hurry, you will not reach it", and suggested that the emperor of Shenzong's special policy should not "seek treatment too quickly, enter people too tax, and speak too widely". Due to the opposition of these opinions and suggestions, Su Shi was forced to be transferred abroad, first sentenced to Hangzhou, and later served as the governor of Mizhou, Xuzhou, Huzhou and other places.

Where he was an official, he paid attention to understanding the people's feelings, cared about the people's production and life, and was supported and loved by the people everywhere he went.

He was not only opposed to Wang Anshi's more rapid reform measures, but also did not agree with Sima Guang's abolition of the new law, so he was ostracized between the old and new parties, and his career was very bumpy. He was born in the third year of Jingyou of Song Renzong, and was a scholar in the second year of Jiayou, and he was tired of being a bachelor of Duanming Hall and a bachelor of Hanlin Attendant, and a scholar of the Ministry of Rites. was demoted to Hangzhou for ridiculing the government; Traveled to Huzhou, Huangzhou, and Changzhou.

Zhezong's heir, summoned to Beijing, served as the central housekeeper. Later, he fought with Sima Guangmian for a new law, which could not be completely changed, and went out of Hangzhou. Later, because of the pro-government of Xizong, the new party was activated, Su Shi was degraded again and again, and he was degraded to Hainan, Song Huizong ascended the throne and granted amnesty to the world, and Su Shi died in Changzhou when he returned to the north.

Wang Anshi's reform refers to a social reform movement launched by Wang Anshi during the Song Dynasty Shenzong to change the situation of poverty and weakness since the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty.

Policies implemented by Wang Anshi during the reform of the law:

1. In terms of the calendar of rich countries:

1.Implement the Seedlings Law.

In February and May of each year, when the harvest is not good, the government gives the peasants loans and grain loans, and takes two or three cents of interest every six months, which are repaid with the summer and autumn taxes respectively.

2.Exemption from military service was introduced.

The original rotation of errand service according to households was changed to the responsibility of government employees, and those who did not want to perform errand service paid a certain amount of money according to the level of wealth and poverty, which was called exemption money. The bureaucratic landlords were no exception.

3.Implement the Fangtian Average Tax Law.

He ordered the whole country to clear the land, verify the owners of the land, and classify the land according to the quality of the soil as the basis for the expropriation of land taxes.

Second, in terms of the law of strengthening the army:

1.Implement the Armor Protection Law.

Rural households will be organized, and 10 households will be guaranteed by 10 households, and each household will have more than two dings and one ding will be drawn as a baoding, and they will be concentrated in the agricultural slack to receive military training.

2.Promote the law of disarmament and merger.

The box army and the forbidden army were rectified, and it was stipulated that soldiers must be discharged after the age of 50. Test soldiers, those who fail to pass the forbidden army are changed to the van army, and those who are unqualified in the van army are changed to civilian nationality.

3.Promote the art of war.

The law of changing military forces established in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty was abolished, and the garrisons of various roads were divided into a number of units by gradually popularizing the method, and each single position would be accompanied by an adjutant general, who would be specially responsible for the training of the troops of their own units, so as to improve the quality of the troops.

3. In terms of the method of taking scholars:

1.Reform the imperial examination system.

The Tribute Law was promulgated and the Ming Classics were abolished, while the examination of the Jinshi Department was mainly based on the scriptures and policy theories, and the slag search method was added.

2.Rectify Taixue.

Implement the system of teaching at different levels in three classes: upper, middle and lower.

3.Only use people.

Attaching importance to the promotion and appointment of middle and lower ranks has given many low-level and lower-level scholars and doctors the opportunity to give full play to their abilities.

Answer]: c Wang Anshi's change occurred in the Northern Song Dynasty Shenzong's year, only with the support of Emperor Leaky Yin, the change can be implemented, and it is naturally Song Shenzong who supports Wang Anshi's change. The correct option is item C.

Zhao Kuangyin, Taizu of the Song Dynasty, is the founder of the Northern Song Dynasty, Taizong of the Song Dynasty does not appear in the textbook, and Gaozong of the Song Dynasty is the founder of the Southern Song Dynasty. The background, content, and effect of Wang Anshi's reform should be prepared as a question and answer question.