Maslow s theory of human instinct, Maslow s most famous theory

In 1943, the American psychologist Maslow published "The Theory of Human Motivation" in the academic journal "Psychological Review". In this article, Maslow proposes the famous hierarchy of human needs. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, there are 5 levels of instinct, and satisfying a level will inevitably have a higher level of needs.

These are human instincts.

1) Physiological needs.

This is the most basic requirement for human beings to maintain their own survival, including hunger, thirst, clothing, shelter, and sexual requirements. If these needs are not met, the survival of humanity becomes a problem. In this sense, physiological needs are the most powerful motivator that drives people's actions.

Maslow argues that only when these most basic needs are satisfied to the extent necessary for survival can other needs become new motivators, at which point these relatively satisfied needs cease to be motivators.

2) Safety needs.

This is the need of human beings to ensure their own safety, to get rid of the threat of career and loss of property, to avoid the invasion of occupational diseases, and to resist harsh supervision. Maslow believed that the whole organism is a security-seeking mechanism, and that human receptors, effector organs, intelligence, and other energies are primarily safety-seeking tools, and that science and outlook on life can even be seen as part of satisfying security needs. Of course, once this need is relatively satisfied, it no longer becomes a motivating factor.

3) Emotional needs.

This level of need is two-fold. The first is the need for fraternity, that is, everyone needs a harmonious relationship between partners and colleagues, or to maintain friendship and loyalty; Everyone wants to be loved, they want to love others, and they want to receive love from others. The second is the need to belong, that is, people have a feeling of belonging to a group, want to be a member of the group, and relate and take care of each other.

Emotional needs are more nuanced than physical needs, and they are related to a person's physical characteristics, experiences, education, and religious beliefs.

4) The need for respect.

Everyone wants to have a stable social status, and they need to be recognized by society for their abilities and achievements. The need for respect can be further divided into internal respect and external respect. Internal respect refers to a person's desire to be competent, competent, confident, and independent in a variety of situations.

In short, internal respect is the self-esteem of a person. External respect refers to a person's desire to have status, prestige, and to be respected, trusted, and highly valued by others. Maslow believed that the need for respect to be met makes people feel confident in themselves, passionate about society, and experienced the usefulness and value of their lives.

5) The need for self-actualization.

This is the highest level of need, which refers to the need to realize one's ideals and ambitions, to give full play to one's abilities to the fullest, and to accomplish everything commensurate with one's abilities. That is, people must do a good job in order to make them feel the greatest happiness. Maslow suggested that the path taken to meet the need for self-actualization varies from person to person.

The need for self-actualization is to strive to realize one's potential and to become more and more the person you want to be.

Maslow's Principle: A theory that studies the structure of human needs.

Maslow's Principle: A theory that studies the structure of human needs.

Maslow's theory divides needs into five categories: physiological needs, security needs, love and belonging, respect, and self-actualization, which are ranked from lower to higher levels.

Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory believes that people's needs can be divided into five levels, from low to high:

Physiological needs level: refers to people's basic physiological needs, such as food, water, sleep, sex, etc.

Safety needs level: refers to people's safety needs, such as stable work, healthy body, safe environment, etc.

Social needs level: refers to the social needs between people, such as love, friendship, belonging, etc.

Hierarchy of respect needs: refers to people's respect for themselves and others' respect for themselves, such as self-esteem, respect for others, and gaining respect from others.

Self-realization needs level: refers to people's needs for their own potential and growth, such as personal growth, self-realization, creative scum power, independence, etc.

On top of these five levels, Maslow added two more layers to his later research:

Knowledge demand level: refers to people's pursuit and desire for knowledge, such as the desire for knowledge, the desire to learn, etc.

Aesthetic demand level: refers to people's pursuit and appreciation of beauty, such as aesthetic appreciation, art and digital appreciation, cultural literacy, etc.

It is important to note that these levels are constructed according to Maslow's theory, and while they can help us better understand human needs, they do not necessarily apply to all people and cultures.