Confucian Legalism s view of the theory of human nature and the relationship between the legitimacy

Mr. Wen Gengyun.

The Confucian view of human nature is divided. Mencius believed that human nature is inherently good, and if it is evil, it is evil. Xunzi believes that human nature is inherently evil, and it must be cultivated through education, so that it can know evil and eliminate evil, so as to achieve its goodness.

Yang Zi believes that good and evil are the two sides of human nature. Wang Yangming advocates that "the heart is reason, and the heart is not two", he believes that this heart is silent and unmoving, and the feeling is passed, there is no good or evil, or good or evil, it is a matter after the body is thought, and there is no negotiation with the heart.

Although "will, must, solid, and me" only arise, good and evil are clearly presented, and the nature is not lost - the conscience is not ignorant. If we don't have to scrutinize the words because of the meaning of the words, we should be able to see that the learning of Yangming is far inherited from Mencius, and it is really excessive; If the Tao succeeds Kong and Yan, it is not necessarily. Otherwise, he only needs to come up with a "if it is not a thing, then its creatures are unpredictable", which is enough to cover the universe, then "the way of heaven and earth can be exhausted in one word", why bother with a lot of effort, let right and wrong, what is not, and make it all fragmented.

After Han Confucianism, the more detailed the reasoning, the farther the way to the road, why is this so? Zi said: "The way is not good, I know it!"

Those who know are too late, and those who don't know are too late! ”

First, the doctrine of human nature in the history of Western legal thought is similar to the grinding type of human nature in the history of Western legal thought, and the main theories of human nature in the history of Western legal thought are as follows: 1Sexual evil.

The representative figure is Hobbes. According to Hobbes, the state of nature is"A state of war in which everyone fights each other. "1 In order to prevent the chaos caused by the malignant expansion of the human hood, it is necessary to establish a system that is not limited by law and other forces.

First of all, I would like to explain that Confucianism does not believe in "the inherent goodness of human nature", but in "the inherent goodness of human nature". But I support Xunzi's "human nature is evil". Man is a higher animal, but he is only a thinking animal.

Compared with animals, humans can actively regulate and suppress the individual's desire to spraw. This is the result of being bound by morality and law, not human nature.

I agree more with the Confucian theory of knowing the goodness, when people are born, they are completely a blank slate, regardless of good and evil, right and wrong, and they need to be guided and educated by the people behind them, so they can gradually form their values, so I think the Confucian Yuannai statement is correct. Rough stroke.

I think it makes sense to be Confucian, but in fact, our human nature is good, but it is because of the influence of the acquired will slowly deteriorate.

Regarding the theory of human nature of the pre-Qin Confucian school, which of the following statements is wrong Han Fei's theory of sexual evil, advocating the hypocrisy of sexuality.

a. Confucius believed that sex is similar, but Xi is far away.

b. Mencius talked about goodness, and his words must be called Yao Shun.

c. Xunzi talks about sexual evil, and advocates the hypocrisy of sexuality.

d. Lu Zhan dismantled Han Fei on sexual evil, and advocated sexual hypocrisy.

1. In pre-Qin Confucianism, the theory of human nature has at least the following six connotations: from the perspective of sexuality, sex is a natural thing, and it is a naturally occurring being; From a qualitative point of view, sex is the reason why people are early to congratulate, and it is the determinant of the difference between humans and animals; From the perspective of materiality, sex is inherently good or bad, and can manifest good or evil behavior.

2. From the point of view of the original, sex is only the basis of good or evil, and must be expanded or indulged to lead to good or evil results; Sex is also related to qi, whether good or evil; From the point of view of survival, the mind as the origin of survival is sexuality, and the good mind or disgust is the origin of good deeds or evil actions. These interpretations are instructive for the study of pre-Qin Confucianism's theory of sexuality. The theory of human nature was the cornerstone of pre-Qin Confucian philosophy.

3. The pre-Qin Confucian theory of human nature originated from Confucius and developed in Meng Xun, laying the basic framework for later Confucians to discuss human nature.