What are the targeted drugs for esophageal cancer? Problems with targeted therapy for advanced esoph

Esophageal cancer is now currently targeted with drugs.

There are very few targeted drugs for esophageal cancer, which can have vascular targeted drugs, called VEGFR gene mutations, and targeted drugs that are anti-angiogenesis, such as Eitan.

These can be taken orally, which can significantly reduce the patient's tumor, that is, it cuts off the blood vessel growth of the tumor, can make the tumor cells necrosis, and then further control the tumor, and its principle is probably like this.

Targeted drugs play an irreplaceable role in the process of malignant tumors. Especially for lung cancer. Targeted drugs have been listed as first-line regimens.

With the development of clinical medicine, targeted drugs have also shown a certain role in esophageal cancer, and the commonly used drugs are gefitinib, trastuzumab, anlotinib and bevacizumab. However, the current efficacy of targeted drugs for esophageal cancer is relatively limited. Therefore, the most advanced esophageal cancer is still dominated by surgical radiotherapy, and advanced esophageal cancer can be treated with systemic chemotherapy to control the disease.

At present, there are several targeted drugs for esophageal cancer, and it has been clinically found that some patients take 1GF for tumors, PAD E plus F2 drugs have a certain effect, and cetuximab is used more, and anlotinib will be used for genetic testing.

The ** of esophageal cancer is mainly a comprehensive ** based on surgery, especially for early patients, the effect of surgery ** is better. For those who cannot be operated or adjuvant after surgery, the application of targeting** has a certain auxiliary effect on esophageal cancer. The main targeted** drugs for esophageal and esophageal cancer are:

1. The main representative drugs of epidermal growth factor inhibitors are gefitinib, which has a certain inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of esophageal cancer cells. 2. Endothelial cell growth factor inhibitors, representative drugs include recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ligand receptor monoclonal antibody (Avastin), which can inhibit vascular endothelial cell proliferation and inhibit tumor growth. In addition, there are also cyclooxygenase inhibitors that have certain effects.

The most common esophageal cancer is esophageal cancer**, esophageal cancer drugs**, which need to be analyzed on a case-by-case basis. First of all, chemotherapy drugs, including common 5-FU and platinum drugs, are mostly used; followed by targeted ** drugs, including Taixinsheng and Nimotuzumab, which have good clinical applications; In addition, immunodeficiency drugs, including PD-1 and PDL1, have also achieved good efficacy.

Apatinib is a new small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which can specifically bind VEGFR2, then inhibit VEGF to VEGFR2, inhibit VEGFR2 phosphorylation, down-regulate the phosphorylation level of its downstream extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and then inhibit tumor angiogenesis to achieve the ultimate goal.

Apatinib was approved for marketing by the National Medical Products Administration in 2014 and is mainly used for advanced gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. In addition, multiple clinical trials have shown that apatinib has a strong inhibitory effect on a variety of advanced solid tumors.

Targeted drugs are good, but not everyone is effective. Because the genes of different cancer patients are different, the mutated genes in the tumor tissue are different. A targeted drug generally only targets one common mutated gene, and the mutated gene is not the same for different tumors and different patients.

Therefore, before selecting a target**, the drug should be selected according to the decoding results through the "targeted drug guidance gene decoding".

1 All are not recommended, without knowing the effect of the drug on the patient, to administer the drug to the patient**.

Chemotherapy drugs and targeted drugs will have different effects on different patients, and the effects on different cancers will also be different. Before using drugs, it is best to know the sensitivity of patients to chemotherapy drugs and the killing effect of targeted drugs on cancer cells through gene decoding, so as to select drugs more effectively and improve the best effect.

Targeting** is currently the most effective method at the stage when the cancer has spread. After finding the most effective targeted drugs, the number of cancer cells decreased and the disease slowed down under the action of targeted drugs.

Drug resistance after taking apatinib may be due to the new mutation of cancer cells, and the resulting cancer cells cannot be eliminated by the action of apatinib.

For esophageal cancer, we mainly carry out different methods according to the classification of esophageal cancer in the morning, middle and evening.

In the early stage, because the tumor is mainly located in the mucosal layer, at this time, the tumor invasion is not very deep, sometimes the endoscopy is directly dialed out with laparoscopy, or the intima is cut off, you can achieve a very good effect, but for those tumors beyond the mucosal layer, surgery is mainly chosen, and if necessary, according to the invasion of the tumor, then with radiotherapy or chemotherapy.

For some tumors after the middle stage, it is still emphasized that surgery is the main synthesis**, that is, a kind of preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy can be done. The tumor then shrinks a little before surgery, or directly after surgery and then chemoradiotherapy.

At present, the main methods are surgery and chemoradiotherapy. When the tumor is in the advanced stage, surgery may not be possible, and radiotherapy alone, or chemotherapy, or a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. At present, some new ones like targeting** are not very mature in esophageal cancer for the time being, and are still in the experimental stage.

There are surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, endoscopy, and comprehensive esophageal cancer, and the specific method is determined according to the patient's medical history, the location of the lesion, the extent of tumor expansion, and the patient's general condition.

The key to this disease is the early diagnosis of esophageal cancer.

Clause. First, the first operation, the resection rate of surgery has reached 80% to 90%, and early resection can achieve the best effect.

Clause. 2. Radiation**, squamous cell carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma, effective for radiotherapy, adenocarcinoma is not sensitive to radiotherapy, mainly for upper esophageal cancer that is difficult to operate and unresectable middle and lower esophageal cancer, radiotherapy can be used as the first choice for upper esophageal cancer. Preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy can shrink the tumor clearly, and the tumor will become entangled in the lesion during the operation.

Clause. 3. The sensitivity of chemotherapy for esophageal cancer is low, mainly because there are fewer esophageal proliferative cells and a small growth ratio.

Clause. Fourth, comprehensive**, through radiotherapy plus chemotherapy or simultaneous or alternate application, to improve the local control rate of esophageal cancer, reduce distant metastasis, and prolong survival. There is also endoscopic intervention**, for early esophageal cancer, its endoscopic intervention is endoscopic mucosal resection, which is suitable for carcinoma in situ, severe dysplasia, and intramucosal carcinoma and so on.

Advanced esophageal cancer targeting**, which is still in the clinical trial stage, and not every cancer can be applied, at present, advanced esophageal cancer generally uses conservative Chinese medicine** or a combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine**.

？Esophageal cancer is a common malignant tumor, and esophageal cancer is inseparable from drugs. Among them, the traditional Chinese medicine ** esophageal cancer has the characteristics of being small, easy to take and stable in curative effect.

Experts said that the first major drugs include chemotherapy and traditional Chinese medicine, among which traditional Chinese medicine has played a very good role in the process of esophageal cancer patients. Traditional Chinese medicine**esophageal cancer has the effect of consolidating the foundation and cultivating the yuan, and can regulate and mobilize the body's defense system, thereby blocking and inhibiting the production of esophageal cancer cells, and indirectly killing esophageal cancer cells. In addition, some traditional Chinese medicines can be used in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which can not only play a sensitizing role, but also reduce some toxic effects and adverse reactions of radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Traditional Chinese medicine ** esophageal cancer first plays a role in inhibiting the spread of cancer cells, Chinese medicine ** believes that due to the lack of righteous qi in the human body, it will lead to qi stagnation and blood stasis, phlegm coagulation and toxin accumulation and eventually form tumors. The simple summary is deficiency, stasis and poison, which is in line with the theory of syndrome differentiation in traditional Chinese medicine, and is consistent with the genetic, immune, and cell theories of modern medicine. In terms of traditional Chinese medicine for advanced esophageal cancer, traditional Chinese medicine can be combined with internal and external treatment, local and whole, combination of rectification and dispelling evil, syndrome differentiation treatment, comprehensive medication, traditional Chinese medicine ** tumor is characterized by no surgery, no radiotherapy, no chemotherapy, no hospitalization, non-toxic, and the curative effect is certain; For patients undergoing chemotherapy, this can reduce the toxicity of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, reduce toxicity and increase efficiency.

For patients after surgery, this can be used to prevent metastasis and spread.

**Drugs for esophageal cancer include chemotherapy drugs, targeted drugs, and traditional Chinese medicine. Commonly used chemotherapy drugs are mainly docetaxel, paclitaxel, cisplatin, gemcitabine, tigio, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin. Chemotherapy regimens are generally a combination of two drugs.

In recent years, there have also been targeted drugs for esophageal cancer, such as gefitinib, trastuzumab and anlotinib. There are no clear statistics on the specific efficiency. Traditional Chinese medicine also has a certain position in the ** aspect of tumors.

Commonly used over-the-counter compound cantharid capsules and anti-cancer tablets. Patients can also be treated with syndrome differentiation and decoction with traditional Chinese medicine, which can also effectively control tumors. Patients should go to the local regular hospital as soon as possible to avoid aggravation of the condition.

Esophageal cancer** should first clarify the scope of invasion, and also pay attention to the balance between immunity and disease.

Esophageal cancer is mostly squamous cell carcinoma, if the condition of the body and trouser chain is permitted, it is generally recommended to undergo radiotherapy first, and then surgery is carried out after the systemic spread is basically controlled, so as to solve the residual lesions, and pay attention to protecting the body's immune function in the whole process. Adhering to Shenyang's anti-cancer three-in-one natural **** can reduce the toxicity of radiotherapy, improve the body's immunity, and control and metastasis.

For localized lesions, surgery should be tried as much as possible in the early stage, and on this basis, the patient's immune function should be actively improved to consolidate the best results; If it is advanced, cavity stimulation should adhere to the Shenyang anti-cancer three-in-one natural **** to improve the body's immunity, control the development of Husun tumors, and prolong survival.