The main characteristics of various schools such as Mohist, Legalist, and Bingjia

Mojia: Jane Eyre, non-offensive.

Legalist: rule the country by law.

Today, we summarize the thoughts of Mozi, a very important educator in ancient China who is often examined in exams, so that candidates can prepare for the exam.

1.The role of education.

1) The social role of education.

Mozi advocated building a society of equality and mutual assistance through "the powerful to help others, the rich to divide others, and the Taoist to persuade and teach others". He believes that education is an important means to achieve both love.

ii) The role of education in human development.

Mozi also attached great importance to the role of education and environment in the formation of human personality, and Mozi's contribution was to put forward the theory of silk dyeing, using plain silk and silk dyeing as metaphors to illustrate human nature and its change and formation under education.

Dye in the blue is blue, dye in yellow is yellow, and the person who enters changes, and its color also changes ,......Therefore, dyeing must not be careless. ”

2.Educational purposes.

Mozi asserted that the purpose of education was to create "wise men" or "concurrent scholars", and that there were three criteria for "wise men": being virtuous, eloquent, and knowledgeable.

3.Educational content.

1) Pay attention to the teaching of scientific and technological knowledge and production knowledge.

In the book Mozi, there is knowledge of geometry, optics, mechanics, etc.

2) Attach importance to the study of military knowledge and education in military technology.

Mozi advocated "non-offensive" in politics, and he studied ordnance and the equipment used in defensive warfare, and used this as the content of his teaching.

3) Pay attention to the cultivation of students' logical thinking ability.

It includes the education of understanding and thinking methods, and the education of logical forms, with the aim of cultivating students' logical thinking ability, being good at arguing with others, persuading others with the power of eloquent logic, and promoting their own political ideas.

4.Educational methods.

1) Proactive teaching attitude.

The Mohists do not agree with the Confucian attitude of "detaining the ringing, not deducting the resounding", and advocating the proactive "strong talk about people", although the deduction will be resounding, although the deduction will be resounding.

2) Advocate creation.

Mozi opposed the Confucian idea of "saying but not doing, believing and being ancient", and he believed that we should "say and do".

3) Be consistent with words and deeds, and be in line with their will.

Like Confucius, Mozi put moral cultivation in the first place in education. He said, "Although a scholar learns, he does what he does."

4) Start from reality and do what you can.

Mozi was the first to put forward the teaching method of "measuring strength" in the history of Chinese education, and he paid great attention to the students' ability when teaching. Mozi's "measure of strength" has two meanings: one is that in terms of students' energy, people cannot study several aspects at the same time.

Second, in terms of the knowledge level of students, they should be taught according to their ability, and they should be "deep and shallow, beneficial and respectful." ”

The Mohist school's educational method is first to take the initiative - to take the initiative and actively "teach from above" to publicize and promote one's own ideas to people. The second is creation - "The good of the past will speak, and the good of the present will do it, and the good will benefit much." "The good things of the past should be inherited, and today we will create new things, and I hope that there will be more good things.

The third practice - Mohists attach great importance to practice because: first, "words must be believed, deeds must be fruitful," in order to create a "love the world" concurrently scholars. Secondly, in the harsh social environment, people must not be lazy, "those who rely on their strength will live, and those who do not rely on their strength will not live".

Thirdly, "those who are not strong in ambition cannot reach their wisdom", and without the tenacious will tempered in arduous practice, there is no wisdom in people. Therefore, the Mohist family is re-acting, all out of the realization of the social ideal of loving the world. Fourth, we should pay great attention to the students' ability when teaching.

Mo Zhai's requirements have two meanings. First, in terms of students' energy, people cannot learn several aspects at the same time. Mo Zhai had several students who asked to learn to shoot in addition to their studies, and Mo Zhai admonished

Cannot! The man who knows will do what he can to do it. "It's like a warrior who fights for his country, and he can't save people at the same time, let alone you students, how can you learn and shoot at the same time?"

Mo Zhai is nothing more than admonishing students to do what they can in everything they can, and not to be greedy for more than they can do. Second, in terms of the level of knowledge of students, they should be taught according to their abilities. He asked students to "go deep, shallow, benefit and respect", that is, those who are deep seek deeply, those who are shallow seek shallowly, those who should increase increase, and those who should decrease decrease.

The proposal of the method of measuring strength shows Mo Zhai's grasp of the law of teaching.

The Mohist school's educational approach is that pedagogy is an inseparable unity, and it points out that teachers should play a leading role, and he also put forward the natural principle of what is within one's ability, Mozi was the first person in China and abroad to put forward the principle of measuring one's strength, and finally he emphasized the application of what he has learned.

What are the main ideas of Confucianism, Moism, Taoism, Legalism, and Bingjia?

Confucian thought, Taoist culture, military tactics, Mohist system, Legalist rule of lawConfucianism emphasizes governing the country by virtue and advocating exemplary role; Mohists take the road of totalitarian governance, advocate obedience to superiors, Taoism is politically insignificant, art is eternal, emphasize self-cultivation, and there are simple materialist legalists who attach importance to the law and oppose the Confucian "rites". He opposes conservative retro thinking and advocates resolutely reforming the sum total of soldiers' rational understanding of war decision-making, command, overall planning, and its laws.

The main ideological point of view of the Mohist school is socks?

1.Slim the family.

2.Love and non-attack.

Correct answer: Love is not attacking.

The main ideas of the Mohists are: equal love between people (concurrent love), opposition to wars of aggression (non-offensive), advocating thrift and opposing extravagance and waste (thrift), attaching importance to inheriting the cultural wealth of the former brothers and pedestrians (Ming ghosts), and mastering the laws of nature (Tianzhi).

Mohism is one of the major philosophical schools in ancient China, which was born around the Warring States period. The founder is Mo Zhai. The Mohists were a disciplined academic society, and their leaders were called "Juzi", and their members were required to promote the Mohist ideas when they went to various countries to serve as officials, and the income was also required to be donated to the group.

The Mohist school is divided into the early and late periods, and the early thought mainly involves socio-political, ethical and epistemological issues. In the later period, Mohists made important contributions to logic.

The world is white, but I am the only black; Non-attacking ink door, and love life.

And love, non-attack, Shangxian, Shangtong, Tianzhi, Ming, ghost, non-fate, non-music, festival, and funeral.

Confucianism: Confucius's Analects The core of its ideology is "benevolence", which means "love for others". He took "benevolence" as the norm and purpose of practicing benevolence, so that "benevolence" and "propriety" could be used for each other.

He advocated that the ruler should "treat the people with virtue and courtesy", so as to reproduce the prosperous era of the Western Zhou Dynasty when "the conquest of etiquette and music came from the Son of Heaven", and then realize the ideal of "Datong" that he longed for.

Mojia: Mozi Non-Attack "Mozi" Its ideological proposition is: love, non-attack, along, Shangxian, Shangtong, thrift, etc.

Taoism: Lao Tzu "Lao Tzu" put forward the idea of "rule by doing nothing" in politics, and put forward the view of "man is the law of the earth, the earth is the law of the sky, the heaven is the law of the Tao, and the Tao is the law of nature", which embodies the idea of respecting the objective law and protecting nature.

Legalist: Han Feizi "Han Feizi" Han Feizi attacked the Confucian doctrine of "benevolence", advocated the rule of law, and proposed four policies: heavy reward, heavy punishment, heavy agriculture, and heavy war. Han Feizi advocated the divine right of kings.

Zonghengjia: Su Qin A group of strategists characterized by political lobbying during the Warring States period in China.