What are the indicators for a safe and healthy working environment set by the state?

The specific industry depends on the situation

The allowable dust concentration value is the highest allowable dust concentration stipulated by the relevant national regulations. Different plants have different requirements. The dust concentration in the general workplace shall not exceed 10mg m3.

The health standard stipulates the maximum allowable concentration of harmful substances in the air in the workshop and in the atmosphere in the residential area. For example, the maximum allowable concentration of general dust in the workshop air is 10 milligrams of cubic meters, and the maximum allowable concentration of dust containing more than 10% free silica is 2 milligrams of cubic meters.

According to the "Allowable Concentration of Dust in the Air in the Workplace", the maximum total dust limit for wood dust is 3 mg m.

Different plants have different requirements. The maximum allowable concentration of general dust (such as wood dust) in the air of the general workshop is 10 milligrams of cubic meters, and the dust containing more than 10% free silica is 2 milligrams of cubic meters.

Dust concentration is the amount of dust per unit volume of air. There are two ways to express this: one is the mass concentration, which is the milligrams (mg m3) of dust contained in each cubic meter of air.

The other is particle concentration, which is the number of particles of dust contained in each cubic meter of air. The former is used in industrial ventilation technology and the latter in air purification technology. The concentration of combustible dust is closely related to the highest performance.

Industrial dust usually refers to dust-containing industrial waste gases or mechanical processes such as crushing, screening, conveying, and blasting in the processing of solid materials, or from processes such as combustion, high-temperature melting, and chemical reactions. These often emit various industrial dusts in the industrial production process will damage the air environment of the workshop, endanger the health of the operating employees, damage the machinery and equipment of the workshop, and pollute the atmospheric environment and cause social pollution.

Most of the requirements are below milligram cubic meters of respirable dust concentrations. Generally, there are mechanical grinding, grinding and other working environments will exceed this limit.

Due to the frequent occurrence of pneumoconiosis in China in recent years, enterprises and practitioners have begun to attach great importance to respiratory protection. Including the rise of the post-80s. Everyone has gradually changed the wrong choice method of only recognizing the best and not considering the protective effect in the past.

Gradually switch to the choice of high-level protection, silicone masks, and more and more conditional choice of breathing products.

For the sake of your own health, it is recommended to choose a dust mask in the following ways to effectively prevent the occurrence of pneumoconiosis.

1. Dust masks must be GB2626-2006 certified. 2. Choose a compound silicone half mask for occupational protection. 3. Priority is given to KN100 grade products.

4. Choose different types of masks that suit your face shape according to your head shape. 5. Choose products with low breathing resistance. At present, the KN100 masks that can be commonly used in China include Baoshun'an, 3M8233 and Shengbao.

The daily contact time is 8 hours.

The limit value is 85 decibels, 88 decibels for 4 hours, 91 decibels for 2 hours, and 94 decibels for 1 hour, referring to the "Noise Hygiene Standards for Industrial Enterprises" formulated by the Ministry of Health and the State Administration of Labor and the State Administration of Labor, and the noise part of the "National Occupational Health Standards of the People's Republic of China" in 2007 also has the same standard as a reference.

1. Noise control approach.

In China, the relevant standards stipulate that the noise in residential areas should not exceed 55 decibels during the day and 45 decibels at night. Some cities around the world have enacted limits on noise generated by transportation. In order to prevent noise, Professor Ma Dayou, a famous acoustician in China, has summarized and studied the hazards and standards of various types of noise at home and abroad, and put forward three suggestions:

In order to protect people's hearing and physical health, the permissible value of noise is 75 to 90 decibels.

To ensure conversation and communication, the permissible value of ambient noise is 45 to 60 decibels.

For sleep time is recommended at 35-50 decibels.

Supplement: 30-40 dB is ideal for a quiet environment.

70 decibels can affect conversation.

Living in an environment above 90 decibels for a long time can seriously affect your hearing and cause neurasthenia, headaches, high blood pressure and other diseases.

If you are suddenly exposed to noise up to 150 decibels, the eardrum will rupture and bleed, and both ears will lose hearing completely; In severe cases, it can cause heart resonance, leading to death.

There are no national limits for noise in the workplace, and now there are only general standards for noise ratings. Because different workplaces have different noises, especially in the noisy working environment, it is necessary to shorten the working hours and increase labor protection facilities.

Indoor air should be non-toxic, harmless, and odorless, and the specific quality standards are as follows:

The state stipulates that the formaldehyde content standard in indoor air is less than. More than this value is indoor formaldehyde exceeded, not suitable for living, because long-term exposure to formaldehyde, the harm to the body is great, after the interior decoration we can quickly manage the indoor formaldehyde problem through the following methods.

1. Wise Stone.

It has regular honeycomb voids inside, its specific area is huge, can efficiently adsorb formaldehyde, its adsorption capacity is strong, can reach more than 20 times of the traditional activated carbon, not only the adsorption capacity is large, but also has the function of ion exchange, can decompose formaldehyde and other harmful substances into harmless carbon dioxide and water, without replacement can be used for a long time. When choosing, it is important to note that it is a gray ore with an irregular shape and is not a round particle

2. Plants.

The use of green plants to purify formaldehyde is a very promising way to remove formaldehyde, plants will adsorb a part of formaldehyde during photosynthesis, but the absorption is extremely small, and it is recommended as an auxiliary method when removing formaldehyde.

3. Open windows for ventilation.

The most common way to remove formaldehyde indoors is to open windows for ventilation, and this method has almost no cost. But the ventilation method also has disadvantages, first of all, the location of the house should be good to achieve the effect of ventilation, and secondly, the formaldehyde in the decoration materials is in a state of continuous release, and it is impossible to completely remove formaldehyde through window ventilation, it can only play an auxiliary role in removing formaldehyde.

Fourth, photocatalysts.

At present, most of the photocatalysts that are often mentioned are titanium dioxide, which can decompose formaldehyde into carbon dioxide and water through ultraviolet irradiation, but it needs to be involved in light and ultraviolet rays when working, and there are certain restrictions in removing formaldehyde.

Fifth, high temperature.

High temperature can promote the release of formaldehyde, reduce the total content of formaldehyde inside the material, and reduce the release of formaldehyde in the later stage.

Formaldehyde is also a master who bullies the soft and is afraid of the hard, if one method doesn't work, we will go to two, and if two don't work, we will go to the two! Formaldehyde will only be removed as soon as possible if multiple methods are carried out at the same time.

There are two kinds of indoor formaldehyde standards stipulated by the state: one value is one is.

What is the extension of the indoor air quality standard specified in the national standard:

Regulated controls for chemical pollutants within the scope of indoor air quality standards include formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia, ozone, respirable particulate matter, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide. Indoor air quality standards are formulated according to the actual situation of our country, taking into account the air elements, temperature elements, humidity elements, formaldehyde, benzene and other pollutants in economically developed areas and urban construction, and according to the conditions for using coal for heating and cooking. Indoor air quality standards (physical) are in the indoor air quality standards for physics, temperature, humidity, wind speed.

The four evaluation content criteria for air are:

Temperature: 22-28 degrees Celsius for air conditioning in summer, 16-24 degrees Celsius for heating in winter.

Standard values of relative humidity: 40-80% air conditioning in summer, 30-60% heating in winter.

Standard air flow values: air conditioning in summer, heating in winter.

The number of standard values of fresh air: 30 cubic meters per person per hour.

Indoor Air Quality Standards (Chemical) For chemical indoor air quality standards: carbon monoxide 10mg m, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, toluene, ammonia, ozone, respirable particulate benzene, carbon dioxide, benzopyrene, ng m, xylene, formaldehyde, total volatile organic compounds.

Indoor Air Quality Standard (Biological) Total Bacteria: 2500cfu M.

For radioactive indoor air quality standards, our country sets a standard value: the annual average of radon is 400 bq m.

The indoor formaldehyde content stipulated by the state has the following standards.

The latest "Indoor Environmental Pollution Control Standard for Civil Construction Projects" issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development in 2020, numbered GB50325-2020, stipulates that similar civil construction projects should be less than or equal to, and similar civil construction projects should be less than or equal to.

The "Indoor Air Quality Standard" issued by the National Health Commission in 2002, the standard number GB T18883-2002 stipulates that when the average value is 1 hour, the standard value of formaldehyde content is.

According to the laws, regulations, systems and other provisions of the country in the industry, combined with the actual production and operation of the enterprise, identify the main unsafe factors in the operation process, refine them into group clauses, determine the target value of eliminating the unsafe factors, and finally ensure the normal operation of safe production.

Notice on the release of the 2011 safety production target.

All departments: In order to further improve the company's safety production, improve the level of safety management, implement the safety production policy of the unit, implement the basic work of safety production and the responsibility system for safety production at the grassroots level, the safety production goals of our unit in 2011 are hereby released as follows:

1. Pass the safety evaluation and acceptance to improve the company's safety management level.

2. Zero targets are implemented for fatal accidents.

3. There will be no major safety production accidents and other major safety production accidents with bad impact.

4. There are no more than 2 minor injury accidents per year.

5. The pass rate of rectification of major accident hazards is more than 95%, and the pass rate of general accident hazard rectification is 100%.

6. The intact rate of safety facilities is 98%.

7. The pass rate of safety training is 100%.

8. The certificate employment rate of special operations personnel is 100%.

9. The working environment indicators of employees are in line with the national industrial hygiene and safety standards.

10. The discharge of "three wastes" is in line with national standards, and there are zero major pollution accidents and major pollution accidents.

All departments are required to carefully study and comprehend, and accordingly determine the safety work objectives and sign the safety target responsibility letter.

General Manager: Chemical ****.

January 5, 2011.

Safety production management objectives of road and bridge construction units.

To eliminate major accidents, the mortality rate is less than 100 million yuan, the annual per capita construction safety accident loss is less than 60 yuan (including migrant workers), and the annual average single machine (referring to wheeled machinery) bicycle accident loss is less than 1,000 yuan.

1. Eliminate work-related fatalities;

2. The injury rate due to serious work-related injuries is controlled;

3. The annual work-related minor injury rate is controlled within 3;

4. The mortality rate of non-work-related causes is controlled;

5. Eliminate fire accidents;

6. Eliminate the theft of hazardous and explosive materials and accidents;

7. The purchase rate of accident injury insurance and work-related injury insurance for workers is 100%;

8. There will be no mass food poisoning accidents;

9. Control the spread of infectious diseases;

10. Control and eliminate occupational disease hazards.

11. Eliminate traffic accidents;

12. Annual production and construction units, the people in the construction area, and the advanced unit of civilized production.

It is established from three goals: safety production goals, health and environment.

For example: Safety production objectives:

There will be no accidents of general and above personnel.

There will be no general and above mechanical equipment accidents.

Health Goal: No mass poisoning.

Environmental objectives: "three wastes" discharge standards.

I won't list them one by one.

Construction industry.

The policy is safety first, prevention first, and comprehensive management. All levels must sign a letter of responsibility for safe production, and all departments must set this year's safety production targets.

Article 13 of the "Regulations on Safety Training for Production and Business Operation Units" stipulates:

For new employees of production and business operation units, the pre-job safety training time shall not be less than 24 hours.

The safety training time for newly hired employees in coal mines, non-coal mines, hazardous chemicals, fireworks, metal smelting and other production and business operation units shall not be less than 72 hours, and the annual retraining time shall not be less than 20 hours.

Article 9 provides:

The initial safety training time of the main person in charge of the production and business operation unit and the safety production management personnel shall not be less than 32 hours. The annual retraining time shall not be less than 12 hours.

The initial safety training time of the main person in charge and safety production management personnel of coal mines, non-coal mines, hazardous chemicals, fireworks, metal smelting and other production and business operation units shall not be less than 48 hours, and the annual retraining time shall not be less than 16 hours.