What does Yiren mean? What does it mean to be tribal?

Yiren refers to a type of ethnic minority.

Dongyi, Xirong, Nanban, Beidi.

In the Spring and Autumn Period, there were differences among the residents of Huaxia and Rong, Di, Man, and Yi. The vassal states were economically and culturally more advanced and called themselves Huaxia, and they called the relatively backward small states or tribes Rong, Di, Barbarian, and Yi. A lot of Rong, Di, Man, Yi and Huaxia are mixed together.

Gentiles, generally our Chinese sons and daughters call Gentiles Yiren!!

It means ethnic minorities.

A people who use bows and arrows.

One of the general names of non-Chinese ethnic groups in the pre-Qin period. Yi also has Zhuyi, Siyi, Dongyi, Xiyi, Nanyi, Jiuyi and other general names. Generally, it is mostly used to refer to the Bohai Rim and live in the south, and the ethnic groups in the east of China from the south to the Jianghuai River are also known as Dongyi.

In the pre-Qin period, there were many Dongyi ethnic groups, mainly referring to the tribal groups and their descendants represented by Taihui and Shaohui in the legendary era, and "Yugong" was called Birdyi. Taihao, surnamed Feng, was founded in Chen (now Huaiyang, Henan). Shaohao, surnamed Ying, ascended to the throne from Poor Sang (now Qufubei, Shandong), and later migrated to Qufu.

According to legend, the Gaotao who Yu intends to grant the "emperor" is also a Dongyi person who grew up in Qufu. Gao Tao died early, and his son was famous. Or spread the death of Yu Qili, "Yigan started the throne, started to kill", and then established the Xia Dynasty.

Xia and Dongyi had repeated struggles, and the "Youqiang (in present-day Dezhou, Shandong)" Houyi, who had seized the throne of Xia Taikang, was one of Dongyi's branches. According to legend, the ancestors of Shang Tang were active in the area of Bohai Bay in present-day Shandong and Hebei, and most scholars believe that the merchants were originally of the Dongyi ethnic group.

After the establishment of the Shang Dynasty, it still struggled with Dongyi endlessly, and the history recorded that "the Yi was tyrannical, the Zhuyi invaded internally, and the Yintang Revolution was decided." As for Zhong Ding, Lan Yi is the coward. Self-obedience or rebellion, more than 300 years.

Wuyi declined, Dongyi gradually flourished, and then moved to Huai and Dai, and gradually settled in Middle Earth". Therefore, Emperor Yi and Emperor Xin (纣) at the end of Yin Dynasty have repeatedly conquered the Hui Fang, Yu Fang, and Yi Fang (all Dongyi), and the places where they are stationed are all over the east of Ji and Wen. Dongyi was conquered, and the Shang Dynasty was also exhausted, and was later destroyed by Zhou.

At the beginning of King Wu of Zhou's establishment of the Zhou Dynasty, the remnants of Yin and the remnants of Yin's Dongyi were still strong. King Wu died, and Wu Geng, of Yin descent, launched a rebellion with the support of Shang Xi (in present-day Qufu, Shandong), Pugu (in present-day Boxing, Shandong), Xu Rong (Xu Yi), Huaiyi and other Dongyi states. Zhou Gong went eastward, killed Wu Geng, destroyed many countries with the surname Ying, quelled the rebellion, and sealed Qi with Pugu and Lu with Shang, but Xu Rong and Huaiyi still existed in the Huaishui Valley for a long time.

During the reign of King Mu of Zhou, "Xu Yi was arrogant, and he led Jiuyi to destroy Zong Zhou, and went west to the river." When King Li, "Huaiyi entered the Kou, the king ordered Yu Zhong to conquer it, but he did not resist, and the king Xuan reinstated his order to summon the public to fight and calm it." In the spring and autumn period, Xu and Huai are still prosperous, and they can still be "sick" and "sick".

At this time, there were also Ren (now Jining, Shandong), Su, Xuju (Dongping, Shandong), Zhuan (now Feixian County, Shandong), Tan (in present-day Tancheng, Shandong), who claimed to be the descendants of Shaohui, Liu (in present-day Lu'an, Anhui), Tateshi (in present-day Huoqiu, Anhui) and other countries, as well as Qunshu (Shu Li, Shu Jiu, Shu Yong, Shulong, Shu Bao, Shu Gong, etc.) and Jiuyi and other Dongyi tribal countries that were the ancestors of Xu, were active in the Shandong Peninsula and the Huaishui Valley of Jiangsu and Anhui, and became the two hegemons of Qi and Chu. All of them had long had a diplomatic and alliance relationship with the Chinese countries, and Yi and Xia gradually approached and even integrated.

In recent years, the bronze ware of the Spring and Autumn Period of the Xu Kingdom has been no different from the Central Plains artifacts in terms of text, shape and ornamentation. The name of "Jiuyi" is still seen in the Warring States, but after Qin merged the six countries, Huaisi Yi were all scattered as private households, and the difference between Yi and Xia was no longer seen in the Han Dynasty.

Chapter 14 of Lao Tzu: Blind to it, the name is Yi.

For something that cannot be seen with the eyes, we call it raze.

Yiqi three clans are the names of the punishments of the Qin and Han dynasties, which means the capital punishment of exterminating the three clans.

That is, those who commit special serious crimes, especially those who are guilty of conspiracy against the conspiracy and conspiracy to commit the most heinous crimes, although there is no connection with the criminal intent, but based on policy considerations, they are sentenced to the capital punishment of exterminating the three ethnic groups, so as to obtain the effect of intimidation and punishment.

According to the historical records, it is said: "In the twentieth year of Duke Wen, there was the crime of Yi three clans at the beginning. Yang Zhongchuan also said: "Qin Zheng is fierce, one person is guilty, and it extends to the three clans." It can be seen that the three tribes of Yi were first named in the Qin Dynasty.

The Chinese dictionary explains the "three ethnic groups":

1. It refers to the father, the son, and the grandson.

Zhou Li, Chunguan, Xiao Zongbo": "The difference between the three clans is to distinguish between relatives and relatives." Zheng Xuan's note:

The three clans are fathers, sons, and grandchildren. "Etiquette and Ceremony": "But the three tribes are not safe, so that a certain person also asks for an auspicious day."

Zheng Xuan's note: "The three clans are called the father Kundi, the Jikundi, and the son Kundi. Press, the front note is according to the father's words, so the cloud son, the grandson note is according to the son's words, so the cloud has and the son, and the two notes have the same meaning.

See Sun Yirang's "Zhou Li Justice".

2. It is called the father's family, the mother's family, and the wife's family.

Da Dai Li Ji Bao Fu": "The three clans are supplemented. "Lu argued:

Three clans, father, mother, wife. "Zhuangzi Xu Wu Ghost": "The husband and the monarch eat together, Ze and the three clans, and the parents are the same!"

Cheng Xuanyingshu: The three clans are called the parents and the wife. "The Book of the Later Han Dynasty: The Final Biography of Yang":

Qin Zheng is cruel, violates the heart of heaven, one person is guilty, and it extends to the three clans. Li Xian quoted "Hanshu Yinyi": "The father's family, the mother's family, and the wife's family."

3. Parents, brothers, and wives.

Historical Records: Qin Benji": "At the beginning of the law, there were three sins. Pei Chuji quoted Zhang Yan as saying: "Parents, brothers, and wives too." “

It is a very cruel punishment to destroy three generations.

Siyi is the collective name of the Huaxia ethnic group (another name of the Han nationality) for the ethnic minorities of the four directions in ancient times, referring to Dongyi, Xirong, Nanman, and Beidi respectively.

In the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, the climate is mild, the rainfall is moderate, and the soil is fertile, so it entered the urban farming society earlier, and the land is called China, and the people are called Huaxia. The natural conditions of the border area are poor, and most of them are inhabited by nomadic animal husbandry people, so they are called Yi. The one who is the one with the bow is also.

The word Yi has multiple meanings. Its main meaning is "flat". Xu Shen of the Eastern Han Dynasty said that the word "from the big from the bow". It is said that the Dongyi people were the first to invent the bow and arrow, and they were good at archery. Therefore, there is a saying that the so-called "Dongyi" is the archer in the east.

Legends and classical documents believe that Hou Yi, who shot nine days, was the leader of Dongyi. However, in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, Yi was actually a corpse or a human character in the oracle bone inscriptions and Jin inscriptions, which had nothing to do with the bow, so the Yi character "from the big cong bow" was identified as an archer may have been chiseled by the Han Dynasty.

"Sayings" raze, flat also. From the large, from the bow. Oriental people too.

The original meaning is "flat". But the interpretation of "from the big from the bow" is wrong. The oracle bone Wenyi from the Yaji (Ji), but the glyph evolved incorrectly, and it became a large bow.

From the arrow to himself, the word-making method is similar to "brother", and the oracle bone inscription of the younger brother is from the self. "Saying": "Ji, Sibei also."

Duan Yu commented: "Don't silk." Don't make a silk.

Justification and justice, Ji, don't silk. Youyun: Ji, don't pay attention to the thread.

Today, it is right. ”。The whole character should be a huiyi word, that is, the same thing is put together.

Erya Commentary explains: "Ping, Jun, Yi, Brother, Yi, Yi. It can be known that the meaning of razing is flat, the same brother, and its usage is often the same brother, such as the most common is the aunt of the aunt, which originally refers to the sister who is the same as the sister, that is, the sister marries the female brother of the same person.

Yi and Di are suspected to be different words made by the word.

The people of the East are Dongyi, Dongyi Zhiyi, it should be a phonetic, as for the meaning is difficult to figure out, it may be the meaning of "living in the sea" ("Weijia Order") in Vietnamese.

Yi three tribes is a kind of criminal name in the Qin and Han dynasties, that is, all those who commit special serious crimes, especially the ten heinous crimes such as rebellion, treason, and rebellion, although there is no contact with the intention to commit the crime, but based on policy considerations, the capital punishment of exterminating the three tribes is imposed to obtain the effect of intimidation and punishment. This is a concrete manifestation of the concept of kinship in criminal law.

However, there is still a debate about who the "three tribes" in the "Yi Three Tribes" refer to, and there are mainly the following three statements.

1. Father's family, one's own family, and son's family. "Zhou Li, Chunguan, Xiao Zongbo" contains, "(Xiao Zongbo) is in charge of the difference between the three clans, in order to distinguish relatives and relatives", Zheng Xuan said, "The three clans are called the defeat of the father, son, and grandson" Xunfeng. "Rites and Rituals" also contains, "But the three clans are not safe, so that a certain person also invites an auspicious day", Zheng Xuan said, "The three clans are called the father Kundi, the own Kundi, and the son Kundi".

Although the two statements are slightly different, Cha Chang is rough but in fact the meaning is similar, the difference is that the first note is from his father's point of view, and the second note is from his own point of view. According to this view, the "three families" refer to all the father's brothers, all his own brothers, and all his sons.

2. Father, mother, wife. "The Great Dai Li Ji Bao Fu" contains, "The Three Clans Supplement", Lu Bian's note said, "The Three Clans, the Father's Clan, the Mother's Clan, and the Wife's Clan". "The Book of the Later Han Dynasty: The Final Biography of Yang" contains, "Qin Zheng is fierce, violates the heart of heaven, one person is guilty, and it extends to the three clans", Li Xian quoted "Hanshu Yinyi", "Father, mother, and wife".

And "Zhuangzi Xu Wu Ghost" has a saying, "The husband and the monarch eat together, Ze and the three tribes, and the parents care!" Cheng Xuanyingshu: The three clans are called the parents and the wife.

It means that the husband is an official in the court, and all three of his clans are deeply favored, not to mention his parents. According to this theory, the "three tribes" refer to the father's kinship, the mother's kinship, and the wife's kinship, in addition to the offender himself.

3. Parents, brothers, and wives. "Historical Records of Qin Benji" contains, "There were three sin in the beginning of the law", Pei Chuji quoted Zhang Yan as saying, "Parents, brothers, and wives also". According to this view, the "three tribes" refer to parents, brothers, and wives in addition to the offender himself.

"Yi three tribes" is a kind of criminal name in the Qin and Han dynasties, and it is said that parents, brothers, and wives are three tribes; Others say that there are three tribes: father, mother, and wife.

Anyone who commits a special felony, especially the ten heinous crimes of conspiracy against the conspiracy to commit rebellion, shall be sentenced to the capital punishment of exterminating the three ethnic groups based on policy considerations, so as to obtain the effect of intimidation and punishment. This is a concrete manifestation of the concept of the unity of relatives in the criminal law.

Historical Records of Qin Benji said: "In the twentieth year of Duke Wen, there was a source of sin of the three clans at the beginning. "Big Potato's "Book of the Later Han Dynasty Yang Final Biography" also said:

Qin Zheng was fierce, one person was guilty, and it extended to the three clans. It can be seen that the three tribes of Yi were first named in the Qin Dynasty. Since the Han Dynasty replaced the Qin, when the Han Gaozu ordered Xiao He to make the law of the nine chapters, there was an order of the three clans.

In the first year of the reign of the Supreme People's Republic of China (187 BC), the punishment was abolished in view of its cruelty. This was followed by the Aragaki Taira Rebellion. In order to punish the traitors, the punishment of the three tribes had to be restored.

At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, Peng Yue, Han Xin and other names were punished by the three tribes.

Flat. The word "Yi" and the word "brother" were originally supposed to be different words of the same word, and then extended in different directions.

The oracle bone shape of "Yi" is to bind the arrow, and the oracle bone of the younger brother is to tie up the "Ge", and the meaning of the two should be similar. For example, they may indicate that they are tying up similar things of the same kind together, and they are all about the same, and the relationship between everyone is "flat".

In the literature, the relationship between Yi and his brother can still be found.

Erya admonishes: Ping, Jun, Yi, brother, Yi also.

As can be seen from the first three, it means flat, that is, the height and other people have the same certain attributes, such as your appearance. The "younger brother" of later generations is derived from the order, and the order, there may be two situations, one is that everyone is the same, just count, this situation is that everyone is "flat"; But the other is staggered, that is, "uneven (etc.)". "Yi" is not easy to understand, Xu Shen said that Yi is the pictogram of a lizard, but the oracle bone inscription and the early Jin inscription are the image of water pouring out of the basin, or wine overflowing from the wine glass, Guo Moruo interprets it as "overflow", and by extension, it is given, even if this explanation is not correct, it is not far from being correct, perhaps the original meaning of "Yi" is related to the overflow of water or the equal division of wine (given), just like now everyone drinks together, someone says "My wine is a little too much, give it to you".

Later, the meaning of the word is either homophonic or extended, and the possibility of extension is high, such as the Yi of the transaction is originally related to "Ping", and there is also the word Ping Yi, but this extension relationship may also be reversed. I prefer that brother, Yi, and Yi are words of the same family, they are of the same origin, and the giving and trading, simple is the extension from the transaction to the re-extension of the meaning.

Regarding the question of whether the early pronunciation of Yizi is similar to that of Di Yi, you can look at the word 銕, which is an ancient character for iron, a variant of iron.

If it is determined that Yi and the younger brother are related, then it can explain why the word and corpse are fake with Yi, if the corpse and the body are regarded as words of the same family, then the Yi and the corpse are similar in both pronunciation and meaning: the dead body of a person is generally placed flat, which can be extended to lie flat; As a corpse of a ghost, it can also be understood as "equal to a ghost".

As for the origin of Dongyi's name, it is unknown.

It has the meaning of flattening, extermination, and in ancient China, it was called the ethnic group of the east.

For example, turning danger into raze, razing into flattening, Dongyi tribe.

1. In ancient China, it was called the eastern ethnic group.

2. In the old days, China referred to foreign countries or foreign countries.

3. Flat, flat, peaceful.

4. Flatten. 5. Elimination.

6. Seniors. 7. Ancient hoe tools.

8. Ancient Tong "Yi", joy.

9. Ancient Tong "痍", trauma.

10. Surname. Kanji strokes:

1. Lingyi [líng yí].

Decline; Go downhill.

2. 芟夷 [shān yí].

Removal (weeds). 3. 鄙夷 [bǐ yí].

Despise; Despise.

4. 蕃夷 [fān yí].

In the old days, the Central Plains people were a general term for foreign or foreign people.

5. 东夷 [dōng yí].

In ancient times, it was a general term for all ethnic groups east of the Central Plains of China.