What are the main protective measures for lightning protection?

1. Erect lightning cables.

2. Improve the insulation level of the line itself.

3. Use the top line of the triangular arrangement as a lightning protection line.

4. Strengthen the protection of weak points of insulation.

5. Adopt automatic reclosing device.

6. The iron foot of the insulator is grounded.

7. Prevent direct lightning strikes, install lightning rods to protect the entire substation building from direct lightning.

8. Incoming lightning protection. Install lightning protection wires in the 1-2km section of the incoming line to protect the line from direct lightning strikes, so as to avoid damage to the equipment along the lightning voltage along the substation.

9. Lightning protection of power distribution device. In order to prevent lightning shock waves from invading the substation along the high-voltage line and causing harm to the power transformer, a group of valve-type lightning arresters should be installed on each section of the bus of the substation, and should be as close to the transformer as possible.

10. Lightning protection of high-voltage motor. Use a good FCD type magnetic blow valve type arrester with good performance dedicated to protecting the rotating motor or a metal oxide arrester with a series clearance, and install it as close to the motor as possible.

The role of lightning protection wire in lightning protection is to disperse the lightning current, increase the coupling coefficient, and reduce the amplitude of the lightning voltage. The lightning protection wire, also known as the overhead ground wire, is a metal wire erected at the top of the tower along the line and has a good grounding, which is the main lightning protection measure for the transmission line. The principle of protection is similar to that of a lightning rod.

Lightning cable refers to the wire installed to lead lightning into the ground in order to protect the equipment from lightning strikes. Also known as lightning cables. The lightning wire is iron, the lightning rod is copper (it can also be silver), the top of the lightning rod is facing the sky, the lightning wire is connected to the lightning protection net buried, the lightning wire is connected to the lightning rod, and the thunderstorm season, the lightning from the sky enters the lightning protection line from the lightning rod to the buried lightning net, which is a facility to eliminate lightning strikes to protect buildings or instruments.

Function. Most of them are used in construction, transformer wire poles, machine rooms, transmitters, etc.

There are two types of lightning cables: circular cross-section and flat cross-section. The different types of laminated metal-clad matrix metals are: lead-clad steel, lead-clad copper, and copper-clad steel lightning protection wires.

Lightning rods are used on high-rise buildings, chimneys, or oil tanks. The following quotation can be connected with a lightning cable. The lightning rod is composed of a needle body and a structural part of the installation category. The needles are made of stainless steel; The needle body must be made of copper-clad steel round bar or steel pipe as the base material.

There are many kinds of lightning protection measures, among which outdoor lightning protection mainly includes the following.

1. Do not stay on the top of a mountain, a ridge or the top of a building (structure).

2. Do not stay near iron gates, iron fences, metal clotheslines, overhead metal bodies and railway tracks.

3. Quickly take refuge in buildings (structures) with lightning protection, or in various vehicles and ships with metal shells. When the above conditions are not met, you should immediately squat with your feet together, bend your head forward, and lower your height to reduce the harm caused by the stride voltage.

This is because the lightning current will gradually release energy along the ground to the surrounding areas through the lightning point. At this time, a certain voltage may be generated between the two steps due to the difference in potential between the front foot and the back foot of the person during walking.

4. Do not use tall trees in the wild (sometimes you can rely on tall trees to protect against lightning, but remember to stay at least two meters away from the trunk and leaves.) ), telephone poles, billboards, and various iron towers to take shelter from the rain. Because at this time, the damp branches of the tree are equivalent to a lightning guide device, if you touch the tree, telephone poles, and various iron towers with your hands, it is as if you are holding the lightning protection device to lead down the wire, and you are likely to be struck by lightning.

5. Do not stay at the water's edge (rivers, rivers, lakes, seas, ponds, canals, etc.), swimming pools, and depressions, and quickly go to nearby dry houses to avoid thunderstorms.

Carry out reasonable planning for the layout of the construction site, divide clear fire areas, centralize and manage flammable and combustible materials, establish various fire safety rules and regulations, purchase lead fire fighting equipment, and set up fire water sources.

Set up fire escapes at the construction site to ensure that fire fighting vehicles can be unblocked under any circumstances. For the construction of temporary sheds, canteens and dormitories, it is necessary to meet the fire prevention requirements and maintain a certain fire spacing.

Where blowtorches, welding machines and necessary fires are used, fire application registration should be filled in and supervised by a special person, and fire-fighting equipment should be brought with them.

Lightning protection for construction sites. The impulse voltage generated by lightning can reach hundreds of thousands to millions of volts. The construction site of high-rise buildings is prone to lightning strikes due to the high standing of cranes, well-shaped frames, gantries and scaffolding, and lightning protection should be done well.

Electrical products such as distribution boxes, electrical components and cables purchased and used at the construction site must be certified by the national 3C certification and the registration of provincial construction industrial products, and unqualified products shall not be used. The installation of mechanical and electrical equipment must be accepted before it can be used.

The erection of distribution lines must comply with the technical specifications for temporary electricity safety on the construction site.

Electric machinery and hand-held power tools should be equipped with leakage protection devices; All motor tools and cables must be checked regularly to ensure good insulation, and insulated shoes and gloves should be worn when using electric machines.