What is the difference between a chemical ionic bond and a covalent bond? How can you tell the diffe

Let me summarize for you: the ionic bond refers to the shift of the shared electrons, not in the center of the geometry, and the electrons in the covalent bond are not shifted! (Don't: this is just a model, in fact, the position of the electron changes from moment to moment, the electron cloud theory).

If you are good at physics, you can use gravitation to understand it, and you can understand it macroscopic with macroscopic ones, when electrons are subjected to different forces of different nuclei and have different sizes, they will be offset, so if the two sides are not the same kind of element or atomic cluster, the force is different, it is an ionic bond, and vice versa, it is a covalent bond!

The above theories are made up by individuals, and there is no way to test them, and the above two explanations are very detailed! Hope my explanation is of great help to you!

What is the difference between covalent and ionic bonds.

Ionic bonds are formed by the transfer of electrons (cations for those who lose electrons and anions for those who gain electrons). That is, the chemical bond formed between the positive and negative ions due to the electrostatic attraction.

Two or more atoms share their outer electrons to ideally reach electron saturation, thus forming a relatively stable and strong chemical structure called a covalent bond. The so-called covalent bond refers to the chemical bond formed between atoms due to the overlap of the atomic orbitals of bond-forming electrons.

Unlike ionic bonds, atoms that enter the covalent bond do not show electrical properties outwards because they do not gain or lose electrons. The strength of the covalent bond is stronger than the hydrogen bond and is not much different from the ionic bond or even stronger than the ionic bond.

Covalent bonds share electron pairs, e.g. H2, which generally cannot be ionized, and ionic bonds, which can be ionized, NaCl

Covalent bonds are formed by the force between shared electrons, Al2Cl3 and many non-metals are formed by the combination of metals and metals, and ionic bonds are formed by the attraction between ions, mainly between active wave metals and inactive wave non-metal-forming substances.

Good luck with your progress.

Difference: Covalent bonds: chemical bonds formed between atoms by sharing electron pairs.

Ionic bonds: formed by electrostatic action between cations and cations.

Metallic bonds: The strong interaction forces between metal ions that rely on free electrons.

Metallic bonds are only found in metal elements.

Ionic bonds exist in ionic compounds such as NaCl, NH4NO3 and cations.

Covalent bonds are generally found between non-metal atoms, such as in H2O, HCL, and between atoms in NO3-, CO32-.

Ionic Bond: Definition: The electrostatic action that binds adjacent anions and cations into a compound.

Cause: Ionic bonds are formed by electron transfer (cations for those who lose electrons, and anions for those who gain electrons). That is, the chemical bond formed between the positive and negative ions due to the electrostatic attraction. Ions can be single ions, such as Na+, K+; It can also be formed from clusters of atoms like Cl-, No3-, etc.

Substances that contain ionic bonds (required to be memorized in high school).

1 Salts formed by active metal cations and active non-metal anions.

For example, (kcl, csso4, kno3, na2s, etc.).

2 All ammonium salts.

For example, (NH4Cl, NH4SO4).

3 Low price metal oxides (note that it must be low price 1 or 2 price ).

For example, (na2o k2o cao).

4 Strong alkali (some weak alkali is not).

For example ( naoh koh ).

5 Peroxide, Superoxide, Calcium Carbide (CaC2, Calcium Carbide).

For example, (na2o2 cao2 ko2 bao4).

Note : Compounds containing ionic bonds must be ionic compounds !!

Covalent bond definition: The formation of a covalent bond is the pairing of electrons with opposite spins between two adjacent atoms, when the atomic orbitals overlap each other, and the density of the electron cloud between the two nuclei increases relatively, thus increasing the gravitational attraction to the two nuclei. The covalent bond has a strong force and is saturated and directional.

Because only electrons with opposite spin directions can be paired to form bonds, covalent bonds are saturated; In addition, when atomic orbitals overlap each other, the condition of the envy of the front and the condition of maximum overlap must be satisfied, so the covalent bond is directional. Covalent bonds can be further divided into three types:

1) Non-polar covalent bond The electron cloud that forms a covalent bond is located right in the middle of the two atoms that are bonded, such as the c-c bond of diamond.

2) Polar covalent bond The electron cloud that forms a covalent bond is biased towards an atom with a greater attraction to the electron, such as a Pb—S bond, and the electron cloud is biased to the S side, which can be expressed as Pb S.

3) Valence bonds share electron pairs that are offered by only one atom alone. As in the Zn—S bond, the shared electron pairs are provided by zinc, (which does not have to be learned in this high school).

Covalent compounds :

1 Compounds formed between non-metals (except ammonium salts).

2 Minor salts (AlCl3 and FeCl3).

3 All acids.

Distinguish between ionic compounds and covalent compounds.

See if it is dissolved in water (or other solvents) and conducts electricity.

It's enough to remember these in high school.

Now I'll teach you how to tell the difference (the fastest way).

Generally at the high school level.

As long as the compound you see in the title contains the first main group of metals (alkali metals).

Then it must be an ionic bond.

As long as you see that the compound given in the title does not have metallic elements.

Then are the covalent bonds (except for ammonium salts).

Be sure to memorize the chemical formulas of the various ions.

It can be distinguished by the following three different points:

1. The formation process is different: ionic bonds are formed by the gain and loss of electrons between atoms to generate anions and cations, and then anions and cations are formed by electrostatic action, and covalent bonds are formed by sharing electron pairs between atoms, and there are no electrons gained and lost between atoms, and there are no anions and cations in the formed compounds.

2. Different directionality during bonding: ionic bonds have no directionality when bonding, while covalent bonds do. An ionic bond is a chemical bond formed between cations and cations by electrostatic attraction, and an ion can equally attract oppositely charged ions in any direction, so the ionic bond is not directional.

The covalent bond is formed by the overlap of the electron clouds of the bonding atoms, and if the electron clouds overlap more and the density of the electron clouds between the two nuclei, the stronger the covalent bonds formed.

3. Different properties: covalent bond is a kind of chemical bond, two or more atoms use outer electrons together, and ideally reach the state of electron saturation, and ionic bond is a kind of chemical bond, which is formed after two or more atoms lose or gain electrons and become ions. These chemical bonds tend to form between metals and non-metals.

Overlapping forms

The electron cloud theory reduces the formation of covalent bonds into overlapping forms, which are divided into the form of bonds and bonds.

The bond is the s orbital, and the two nuclei are close to each other, similar to the form of heads meeting. The bond is a covalent bond formed in the way the p orbital shoulders touch the shoulders close together.

Bonds are more prone to breakage as compared to bonds, so the properties of ethylene (ch ch) and ethane (ch ch) are not very consistent.