Did the four great inventions reach Europe?

Hello! Yes. The four major inventions arrived in Europe when they were:

Papermaking (Tang) was introduced to Europe and Africa through Arabia in the 8th century.

Movable type printing, 15th century (Ming and Qing dynasties).

The compass was introduced in the 13th century (Song and Yuan).

Gunpowder was introduced to Europe from Arabia in the mid-13th century.

Papermaking (also known as Cai Hou paper) Cai Lun improved. In the first year of the Eastern Han Dynasty and Emperor Yuanxing (105 AD), Cai Lun summarized the experience of his predecessors in manufacturing silk weaving crystals, and used bark, broken fishing nets, rags, hemp and other raw materials to make plant fiber paper suitable for writing, and improved papermaking technology to make paper a commonly used writing material. It is known as "Caihou paper".

Have a unified understanding of the concept of paper. What kind of item is called "paper".

A compass is a simple instrument used to determine directions. Formerly known as Sinan. The main component is a magnetic needle mounted on a shaft that can be rotated freely.

The magnetic needle can remain in the tangent direction of the magnetic meridian under the action of the geomagnetic field. The north pole of the magnetic needle points to the south pole of the geography, and the direction can be discerned by using this property. It is commonly used in navigation, geodesy, travel and military applications.

The n of the compass refers to the north, the e refers to the east, the w refers to the west, and the s compass is square.

Gunpowder is a black or brown explosive made of a mechanical mixture of potassium nitrate, charcoal and sulfur, initially in powder form, and later in granular form of different sizes, which can be used for different purposes, and has been used as the only military propellant until the introduction of smokeless gunpowder.

Engraving printing: It is reported that Bi Sheng invented clay movable type printing in the Northern Song Dynasty, which is considered to be the earliest movable type printing technology in the world. However, movable type printing in the four great inventions was not the predecessor of modern printing, and according to Joseph Needham, the clay movable type printing made in the Northern Song Dynasty had many disadvantages.

The four major inventions that came to Europe were papermaking, printing, gunpowder, and the compass. In the 12th century, Europe began to set up factories to make paper, and the compass and gunpowder were introduced to European countries around the beginning of the 13th century, and printing became popular in Europe in the 14th and 15th centuries. Papermaking and printing were introduced to Europe, which facilitated the spread of cultural knowledge and became a tool for the spread of Protestantism, which played a huge role in promoting the social, political, and economic development of Europe.

In short, after the four great inventions were introduced to Europe, they effectively promoted the transformation of Europe from a feudal society to a capitalist society.

Of course, the four great inventions made their way to Europe. China's invention is famous, not only famous in China but also overseas?

Yes. Spread to Europe, spread to all parts of the world!

Not really. Compass gunpowder passed.

The four major inventions used to spread all over the world, and they continue to develop on this basis.

Most of them were transmitted from China to Arab countries and then to Europe!

It passed many, many years ago.

<> papermaking was introduced to Europe and Africa through Arabia during the Tang Dynasty, about the 8th century. Movable type printing was introduced in the Ming and Qing dynasties around the 15th century. The compass was introduced in the 13th century around the Song and Yuan dynasties, and gunpowder was introduced to Europe from Arabia in the mid-13th century.

The Four Great Inventions are a view on the history of Chinese science and technology, which refers to the four inventions that had a great impact on the world in ancient China, and are important creations of the working people in ancient China, referring to papermaking, compass, gunpowder and printing. It is generally believed that these four inventions have played a great role in promoting the political, economic and cultural development of ancient China, and these inventions have been transmitted to the West through various channels, and have also had a great impact on the history of world civilization.

The four major inventions are papermaking, the compass, gunpowder, and printing. The four inventions have played a huge role in promoting the political, economic and cultural development of ancient China, and have been transmitted to the West through various channels, exerting a huge influence on the history of the development of world civilization.

The time of the four great inventions

In the twelfth century, Europe began to set up factories to make paper, compasses and gunpowder, following the Chinese method, and at the beginning of the thirteenth century, it was introduced to European countries, and printing became popular in Europe in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries.

The uses of the four major inventions

First, papermaking is one of the four great inventions in China, paper is the crystallization of the long-term experience and wisdom of the working people of the Han nationality, and an outstanding invention in the history of human civilization. The second is that printing began with the engraving printing of the Sui Dynasty, which was developed and perfected by Bi Sheng in the era of Song Renzong, and produced movable type printing, which was transmitted to Europe by the Mongols.

The third is that the compass was called Sinan in ancient times, and the main component is a magnetic needle mounted on the shaft, the magnetic needle can rotate freely under the action of the natural geomagnetic field and remain in the tangent direction of the magnetic meridian, the north pole of the magnetic needle points to the south pole of geography, and the direction can be identified by using this performance. Fourth, gunpowder mainly refers to a black or brown explosive mechanically mixed with potassium nitrate, charcoal and sulfur.

Papermaking: Papermaking was introduced to Europe by the Arabs, and cheap and durable paper soon replaced parchment and calfskin, which had long been used in Europe in the Middle Ages, promoting the development of European culture.

Gunpowder: Gunpowder was introduced into Europe, which promoted the development of gunpowder in Europe, making feudal castles vulnerable, and the knight class who relied on cold weapons to show off their might was declining day by day; Advances in firearms also contributed to the development of the mining and metal manufacturing industries in Europe.

Compass: The use of the compass facilitated ocean voyages and ushered in the era of great geographical discoveries.

Printing: Europeans borrowed from Chinese printing and built their own movable type printing presses, which greatly promoted the Renaissance movement and the Reformation, and promoted the emancipation of people's minds and social progress.

The impact of the four major inventions on Europe is as follows:

1. Papermaking: After the Arabs introduced to Europe, cheap paper soon replaced the European writing materials sheepskin and calfskin, which promoted the development of European culture.

2. Printing: It greatly promoted the Renaissance movement and the Reformation, and promoted the emancipation of the mind and social progress.

3. Gunpowder: destroyed the feudal castle and helped the bourgeoisie to defeat the feudal aristocracy;

4. Compass: The compass was passed into the hands of European navigators, making it possible for them to discover the Americas and achieve circumnavigation around the world, laying the foundation for the development of world ** and workshop handicrafts for the bourgeoisie.

The answer to this question can be summed up in one sentence: China's four great inventions helped the European bourgeoisie to establish its dominance. It is clear from this that the four great inventions accelerated the growth of the power of the bourgeoisie, put an early end to the feudal rule of Europe, and prompted Europe to enter a capitalist society.

Let's talk about the impact of each:

1. Papermaking. Before the technology was introduced to Europe, European books were basically sheepskin or calfskin, which was expensive. Ordinary people simply can't afford it. However, after the introduction of papermaking through Arabia, it was possible for writing and civilization to enter the field of vision of ordinary people.

2. Printing. This technology directly contributed to the beginning of the European Renaissance, shook the foundations of the idea of feudal domination, and germinated the idea of capitalism. On the other hand, it promoted religious reform, negating theology and affirming anthropology.

3. Gunpowder. As a result, the armed forces of the bourgeoisie entered the stage of history and stood on a par with the feudal forces. It directly weakened the feudal power represented by the feudal castle and strengthened the bourgeoisie's right to speak in national governance and social status.

4. Compass. The most immediate effect was the discovery of the world by the European bourgeoisie, out of the Mediterranean. So that the bourgeoisie earned the first pot of gold.

China's four major inventions have made great contributions to the development of world civilization and inherited the achievements of human civilization.

Gunpowder allowed them to improve their weapons, and the compass facilitated the development of their navigation.

Gunpowder brought their methods of warfare into the age of hot weapons, the compass was the beginning of the great geographical discoveries, and paper and printing allowed them to record the Renaissance and other important scientific discoveries for the next generation.

This must have been the spread of gunpowder and word printing. So that the cultural military of Europe has been greatly developed.

One of the four ancient civilizations in China, an important symbol of it is the creation of the four ancient inventions of papermaking, printing, gunpowder, and Sinan. The four great inventions played a great role in the advancement of the course of world history, and they also played a significant role in the European Renaissance.

This is the answer I read the textbook and believe in the textbook.

First, papermaking was introduced to Europe in the 12th century A.D. (Song and Yuan dynasties) (contributed to the Renaissance) and second, printing was introduced in the 15th century (Ming and Qing dynasties). "This is the time when movable type printing was introduced, and now only the four major inventions generally refer to movable type. 》

3. Compass, in the 13th century (Song and Yuan dynasties), the compass was introduced to Arab and European countries. (It provided important conditions for the opening of European shipping routes and the discovery of the Americas to achieve circumnavigation).

4. Gunpowder was introduced to Arabia in the mid-13th century, and later to Europe from Arabia.

That is: papermaking, the compass, gunpowder, movable type printing.

Almost all in the eighth century BC.