What is the substance that destroys the ozone layer in the upper air of the Earth

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The ozone layer can effectively maintain the stability of our climate and environment, create a more comfortable and suitable space for us, have a certain protective effect on the earth, make our nature in a more balanced state, and can effectively absorb ultraviolet rays to avoid the harm of ultraviolet rays to our humans and the earth's creatures.

The ozone layer can effectively absorb the relative ultraviolet radiation, it can also protect some organisms on the earth, let them from ultraviolet rays, warm the middle atmosphere and stratosphere, has a heating effect, so it plays a vital role for the earth.

The ozone layer can reflect the ultraviolet radiation brought by the sun very well, and can also absorb the wavelength of sunlight, reduce the harm to the earth, protect the earth's organisms, and avoid serious ultraviolet radiation in people.

It has the role of protection, the role of heating, and the role of greenhouse gases, which can protect the ecological environment and absorb solar radiation.

The role of the ozone layer is to block out strong sunlight, so that a small amount of sunlight reaches the surface of the earth, preventing people from getting sunburned.

Hydrochlorofluorocarbons. In order to protect the increasingly depleted ozone layer, and under the 1987 Montreal Protocol, HCFCs had been phased out globally.

Since then, most HCFCs have been steadily decreasing in atmospheric concentrations, with only CFC-113a – one of the four newly discovered gases – appearing to have been increasing since 1960. From 2010 to 2012, emissions of CFC-113A increased by 45%.

The destruction of the ozone layer is mainly due to the thinning of the ozone layer above the Earth due to the large amount of chlorofluorocarbons (CFOs, refrigerators, air conditioners, freon-22, etc.) emitted into the atmosphere by humans.

Although the "three poles" of the earth (the Arctic region, the Antarctic region and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau) are sparsely populated due to the harsh natural conditions and the limited amount of chlorofluorocarbons emitted into the atmosphere by local people, it has been observed that the odorous oxygen call layer is now more damaging over the region.

This is mainly due to the low altitude of the ozone layer in the region.

We know that the earth's atmosphere is divided into five layers: troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and outer layer; The ozone layer is located in the stratosphere. The troposphere is the lowest layer, and harmful gases emitted into the atmosphere by humans are the first to enter. Its height is the top that can be reached by the convective movement of the air in this layer, and its height varies with latitude and topography; The troposphere is high in the equatorial region due to the high solar radiation and strong air convection movement. The polar regions have less solar radiation and weaker air convective movement and lower troposphere. The South Pole is colder than the North Pole and therefore has a lower troposphere; Although the Tibetan Plateau is not very high latitude, due to its high topography as the "roof of the world", its surface temperature is lower, and the air convection movement is not strong enough, so the troposphere is also low.

It is precisely because the troposphere over the "three poles" is also low that the corresponding stratosphere height is also reduced. The chlorofluorocarbons emitted into the tropospheric atmosphere will reach the sky above the "three poles" with the circulation of the atmosphere, and it is precisely because the stratosphere of the "three places" is low, so the chlorofluorocarbons can reach the stratosphere and destroy the ozone layer, forming an ozone hole.

The actual observation is also the same, the ozone layer depletion in the Arctic region is less than that in the Antarctic region, and the ozone layer depletion in the Tibetan Plateau is less than that in the Arctic region.

Categories: Science & Engineering.

Analysis: Formation of the ozone layer.

Hundreds of millions of years ago, there was no ozone layer in the atmosphere on the earth, the surface of the earth was strongly irradiated by ultraviolet rays from the sun, there was no living thing on the ground, only a few organisms lived in the water, because water can absorb ultraviolet rays, green plants in the water continue to absorb carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, release oxygen, diffuse into the air, and part of the oxygen in the upper layer of the atmosphere, by ultraviolet rays for waxing, according to the reaction formula of the following rapid call, oxygen becomes ozone and produces the ozone layer.

The ozone layer is very important to the chain of life on Earth, because it can filter out ultraviolet rays, so that life on Earth can land and live on the surface of the earth.

o2 + hν→ 2o

o2 + o → o3

01 The ozone layer absorbs most of the ultraviolet radiation from the sun, protecting life on Earth from the deadly damage of the sun's ultraviolet rays.

The oxygen molecule is made up of 2 oxygen atoms, while the "brother" ozone of oxygen is made up of 3 oxygen atoms and has a special "smelly" smell. Ozone is found in very small quantities in the atmosphere and is a "trace gas" that is mainly distributed in the ozone layer 20 to 30 km above the ground. At 1 standard atmosphere and 0, if all the odor sources in the atmosphere are collected, the average cumulative thickness of the full-width balls is only about 3 mm, which is only equivalent to the thickness of two 5-cent coins.

Don't underestimate this mere 3 millimeter, which absorbs most of the ultraviolet radiation from the sun, protecting life on Earth from the deadly damage of the sun's ultraviolet rays.

Ultraviolet light is the wavelength of solar radiation smaller than visible light (400 700 nm) in the wavelength band, which is divided into three parts, of which the shortest wavelength ultraviolet UVC (less than 280 nm) is almost completely absorbed by oxygen when it passes through the atmosphere (emitting atomic oxygen, which combines with oxygen to form ozone); Far ultraviolet UVB (280 320 nm), which is particularly harmful to living organisms, is mostly absorbed by ozone (reduced to oxygen and atomic oxygen, destroying ozone); Near-ultraviolet UVA (320 400 nm), which has a longer wavelength, penetrates the atmosphere almost freely.

Ozone is mainly distributed in the stratosphere, and the thinning of the global ozone layer will affect human health, the earth's ecological balance, and the near-surface atmospheric environment. For every 1% reduction in ozone, the incidence of cancer will increase by 2% to 4%, and the number of cataract patients will increase. Intense ultraviolet rays damage plants, cause plankton, fish fry to crack and cry, shrimp, crab larvae and shellfish to die in large numbers, and even cause the extinction of some organisms, which in turn affects the global ecological balance.

The thinning of the ozone layer enhances the ultraviolet rays reaching the ground, and the enhanced ultraviolet rays decompose the nitrogen oxides of automobile exhaust in the city, forming photochemical smog with ozone as the main component near the ground. In addition, ozone itself is a greenhouse gas, and changes in its concentration and distribution in the atmosphere will also affect the greenhouse effect of the Earth's atmosphere. In the troposphere near the surface, ozone levels are not very high, but near the surface, ozone is a pollutant that is harmful to ecosystems.

It can be said that in the stratosphere at high altitudes, ozone is "good"; And near the ground, ozone is "bad".