Have the Chinese lost their self confidence Free courseware

I don't know, I ask for this question.

Have the Chinese lost their self-confidence, and the class notes are as follows:

This article was written three years after the September 18 Incident, when China's national fortunes were already weak and it was repeatedly insulted. The "18 September" incident has cast a shadow of failure in the hearts of many Chinese, and pessimistic arguments in China have been in the air for a while.

At that time, the bourgeois newspaper Ta Kung Pao published an editorial, accusing the Chinese nation of losing its self-confidence and shirking responsibility for the reactionary Kuomintang **. In response to this view, Mr. Lu Xun, with his insight into the current situation of society, issued a cry for Chinese to be self-confident and self-reliant.

Article structure

Part I: Lay out the other party's arguments and arguments.

Part II: Refuting the other party's arguments.

Part III: Calling on the broad masses of Chinese people to distinguish right from wrong, learn from heroic figures, and actively plunge into the torrent of revolution. At the same time, write the opinion of the author Lu Xun - from ancient times to the present, there are Chinese who have not lost their self-confidence.

Introduction to Lu Xun

Lu Xun is a famous writer and thinker, an important participant in the May Fourth New Culture Movement, and the founder of modern Chinese literature. A native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang, formerly known as Zhou Zhangshou, later renamed Zhou Shuren, the word Yushan, later changed to Yucai, "Lu Xun" is the pen name he used when he published "Diary of a Madman" in 1918, and it is also his most influential pen name.

During his lifetime, Lu Xun made significant contributions in many fields such as literary creation, literary criticism, ideological research, literary history research, translation, introduction of art theory, introduction of basic science, and collation and research of ancient books.

Have the Chinese lost their self-confidence, and the classroom record is as follows:

You read with a lot of emotion, please sit down and the teacher wants to correct a mistake in your reading process, you read "self-confidence" as "self-confidence" students, how do you feel after reading this material?

Sheng: I'm very angry, we Chinese have not lost our self-confidence; Teacher: That's a good point!

At that time, there was a giant of thought in China, who saw everything with his sharp eyes, raised his arms and shouted his inner cry, which is "Have Chinese Lost Their Self-Confidence" that Lu Xun and we are going to learn today

PPT display: Have the Chinese lost their self-confidenceLu Xun wrote on September 25, 193 4 from "And Jieting Essays" Teacher: Now, let's read the title of the article together (students read together) Teacher:

What kind of tone should I use when reading? Sheng: pessimistic, disappointed, questioning, rhetorical.

Teacher: Okay, now please use your voice to show us this pessimistic and disappointed mood (read by the student).

Teacher: Who wants to try it? (Another girl reads) Teacher:

Students, do you feel pessimistic and disappointed from her reading? Sheng: There is no teacher:

Please, think again, who can read this feeling of pessimism and disappointment again? After reading, applause: From the applause just now, it shows that you read very well classmates, saying that "the Chinese have lost their self-confidence."", whose point of view is this?

Sheng: It's a Kuomintang reactionary.

Paragraphs 1 and 2 to find out the basis of the enemy (students read the text quickly) Teacher: If a student has finished reading, please raise your hand to signal to the teacher (after one minute, all students raise their hands to indicate that they have finished reading).

The basis is: two years ago, he always boasted of "a vast land and abundant resources", and soon he stopped boasting and only believed in the "League of Nations."", now is neither boasting nor believing in the "League of Nations."", changed to blindly pray to God and worship Buddha, nostalgic for the past and hurt the present"

Teacher: You are very accurate, please sit down and let's look at this text (ppt display) on the big screen Teacher: At first glance, it is indeed true, in the end, I don't believe in my own land and resources, and I don't believe in the League of Nations, so I blindly pray for God and worship Buddha, so it seems that I have indeed lost my self-confidence, students, have you paid attention when reading, who does the "we" in the text refer to?

If you find something, please raise your hand.

From the public text, it seems that two years ago, we always boasted that "the land is vast and the resources are abundant", which is a fact; Soon he stopped boasting, and only hoped for the League of Nations, which was also a fact; Now he neither boasted about himself nor believed in the League of Nations, but blindly prayed to God and worshiped Buddha, nostalgic for the past and hurt the present - but it is also a fact.

So some people sighed: The Chinese have lost their self-confidence.

If this phenomenon is judged alone, self-confidence is actually lost a long time ago. I believed in "earth" and "things" before, and later believed in "League of Nations", but I never believed in "myself". If this is also a kind of "faith", then it can only be said that the Chinese once had "trustworthiness", and since they were disappointed in the League of Nations, they have lost all this trust.

If you lose his trust, you will be suspicious, and when you turn around, you may be able to only believe in yourself, but it is a new path, but unfortunately it is gradually becoming empty. Believing in "earth" and "things" or tangible things is a matter of the League of Nations, but it will soon make one realize the unreliability of relying on it. Once you come to pray to God and worship Buddha, it can be mysterious, beneficial or harmful, and you can't find a clear result for a while, which can make people anesthetize themselves for a longer time.

The Chinese are now developing "self-deception".

"Self-deception" is not a new thing now, it is just becoming more and more obvious now, and it is just enveloping everything. However, under this shroud, we have Chinese who have not lost their self-confidence.

Have the Chinese lost their self-confidence? to refute erroneous arguments by rebuttal arguments, mainly by using the method of counter-argumentation.

This article is a refutation. What is refuted is the pessimistic argument that "the Chinese have lost their self-confidence," and the key point of this pessimistic argument is to "generalize from partiality," just like Lu Xun.

He pointed out: "To say that the Chinese have lost their self-confidence is to refer to some people, but to apply it to the whole is simply slander." The author takes reality as the weft and history as the economic organization material, starting with reality, putting forward the opponent's argument (paragraph 1), then leading to the opponent's argument (paragraph 2), and then admitting that the argument presented is true and "true", but it cannot deduce the conclusion that "the Chinese have lost their self-confidence", they cannot prove the argument (paragraph 3-5), which is a direct refutation; In the middle, it is extended to history, and then from history to reality, and uses ancient and modern examples to demonstrate the correct argument that "China has Chinese who have not lost their self-confidence", which is in direct opposition to the fallacy of the other side (paragraphs 6-8), which is an indirect refutation; At the end, it is not only a summary of history, but also a summary of reality, and comes to the conclusion that "the existence of self-confidence, the article of the prime minister is not enough evidence, and you must see the underground for yourself", and according to the topic, the questions raised by the topic are made.