What are the rules of wheat fertilization? What are the principles to follow?

The growth period of wheat is up to 230 days. In the whole growth and development process of wheat, it is necessary to absorb a large amount of nutrients under the premise of sufficient base fertilizer, and apply top fertilizer in a timely manner to meet the needs of wheat stem and leaf growth and grain development. Post-wheat top dressing is the most important top dressing, do you need top dressing and when do you need top dressing?

After wheat topdressing, determine the topdressing time and topdressing amount, remember these points to get high yieldDo you need to change clothes Wheat growth cycle is long, according to its development characteristics, the entire growth period is divided into wheat seedling stage, jointing stage, heading period, flowering and filling period and maturity period, wheat seedling stage and vegetative growth are the main, seedlings grow in the process, tillering more, after entering the wheat jointing stage, it indicates that wheat tillering has stopped, entering the stem and leaf growth and spikelet formation stage, they need to absorb a large amount of drainage and water. Under the condition of sufficient water and fertilizer, the pinna rate is higher; Otherwise, the hearing percentage decreases and a large number of tillers fail. Therefore, topdressing before jointing is the key to improve wheat grain yield.

According to the time, the purpose of wheat topdressing is to supplement nutrients and improve the heading rate of wheat. Due to the sowing period, soil moisture, variety, water and fertilizer, etc., the size of wheat seedlings is different, and the time to enter the jointing stage is also different. Therefore, the specific time of wheat topdressing should be determined according to the growth of wheat seedlings.

In the Huang-Huai-Hai region, due to the rapid rise of temperature, the southern region has an earlier jointing time, while the northern region has a later jointing time due to the slow rise of temperature. The middle winter wheat jointing period is usually in early March, therefore, is the best time for wheat fertilization at the end of February and early March this year, weak seedlings due to the late jointing period, according to the advance time is correct, can promote the growth of seedlings, and the population density is large, with a strong growth trend of wheat sowing, can be appropriately postponed, or spray leaf fertilizer.

Advanced application method Low spring temperatures, low rainfall, and poor soil moisture in the field. In order to prevent and control the volatilization of nutrients and improve the utilization rate of nutrients, the application of top dressing can be used as a single-legged or artificial acupuncture point buried in the cocoon cabbage, and it is strictly forbidden to spread. It looks like insufficient, the population density of the tiller number is not enough, the relatively weak yellow, and the sand with serious fat leakage, fertilizer as soon as possible, usually in late February in the wheat root period back to the type fertilizer, top dressing urea + 6 phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer 10 kg per acre, after the wheat jointing period, the second fertilization, top dressing urea 6 10 kg mu; In the community with poor soil moisture, it is necessary to water in time after top dressing; For the mass density is larger, wide and filial piety, and the stems and leaves grow vigorously, it is generally topdressed in mid-March, and the topdressing urea is 10 15 catties per mu.

Be sure to choose the right fertilizer according to the growth of wheat, you can mix a variety of fertilizers together, such as organic fertilizer, farm fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, you must pay attention to the amount when fertilizing, Sakura once a year can not.

The best time for wheat fertilization is at the end of February, when wheat fertilization, the fertilizer should be buried at the bottom of the wheat, and fertilization should be carried out after 4 o'clock in the afternoon. Not once a year, you also need to add fertilizer in the middle.

No, this will lead to malnutrition of wheat, and the lack of wheel generally needs to be fertilized in the early stage of growth, fertilized in the vigorous period, and fertilized in the fruiting period, so as to ensure the yield, and some farm fertilizer can be used.

For every 500 kg of dry matter produced by wheat, it needs to absorb grams of pure zinc, 9 grams of pure boron, 13 grams of pure manganese, grams of pure molybdenum and 4 grams of pure copper. For every 500 kg of grain produced by wheat, 13-15 kg of pure nitrogen, 5-8 kg of pure phosphorus, and kg of pure potassium are required.

Before the rejuvenation stage, it is necessary to absorb nutrients and account for the total amount of fertilizer, about 1 6 nitrogen, 1 8 phosphorus and 1 10 potassium. About 65% nitrogen, 45% phosphorus and 85% potassium are required before heading (about 25% from the rising stage to the jointing stage, and about 60% from the jointing stage to the pumping stage), and about 20% nitrogen and about 40% phosphorus are required after heading.

Generally speaking, the first fertilization of winter wheat after unearthing is to prevent premature aging, which is a comprehensive management process, which should be combined with watering, spraying, pest prevention and prevention.

1. Fertilization of winter wheat in Huanghuai and northern China.

The first topdressing in this region is in the spring, when the height of the wheat is about 8 cm, and the temperature is around 5 degrees Celsius.

At this time, the top dressing is to use urea and diammonium phosphate, pay attention to the amount of urea per mu is about 18 to 20 catties, and it is recommended to carry out watering work after the first wheat is green.

2. The first fertilization of winter wheat in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

According to the soil moisture in this area, it belongs to the moist type, so it is more conducive to fertilizer absorption after the first topdressing in early spring.

The amount of fertilizer per mu is 20 to 30 kg of compound fertilizer, or it can also be combined with an additional 10 kg of urea, which is calculated according to the standard amount of 1 mu.

3. Winter wheat is planted in the whole northwest and north China.

Then this area is a relatively arid area, and the moisture of the whole wheat field is not as good as the above two areas, and the overall situation is relatively arid.

The winter wheat planted in this area is mostly in the mountainous area, so the first fertilization time after the excavation in early spring is after the beginning of spring, then in my rural hometown in Gansu Province before fertilization is in the beginning of February of the lunar calendar, then the fertilization is relatively simple, the use of simple urea, per mu according to the amount of 8 to 10 catties, mainly because this area is relatively arid, the absorption of fertilizer is relatively slow and weak, so the amount should not be too large.

4. Fertilization of winter wheat in southwest China.

The moisture of winter wheat in this region before and after the spring return to green is between the northwest and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the overall moisture is relatively good, so the absorption of fertilizer is also very good.

So for the topdressing in this area, urea is still the mainstay, and the amount per mu is about 16 to 20 catties, which is almost twice that of the third area mentioned above. Then the winter wheat in such areas should also be harvested earlier.

Wheat can be planted before the application of compound fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer, in the fertilization to water more, it is best to choose to fertilize in a cloudy day, after the end of fertilization should be buried in the soil, so that you can play a better effect.

Nitrogen and potassium fertilizers can be applied before planting; When fertilizing, be careful not to chase too much, every wheat plant should be applied, and when fertilizing, you should pay attention to the softness of the soil, and do not step on the soil hard.

In October, nitrochloride-based compound fertilizer, rich in polymerized water-soluble phosphorus, is conducive to the absorption of phosphorus by energy crops; Fertilizer should not be too much, fertilize because of the land, if you apply fertilizer will burn the seeds to death.

I think we should choose compound fertilizers; Before fertilization, it is necessary to ensure the air permeability of the soil, to water regularly, to remove weeds first, to seize the opportunity of rainfall, to reduce the evaporation of soil moisture.

It is best to water once a week after fertilization, which can dissolve the fertilizer. Spray pesticides once in the field to prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases. Nitrogen fertilizer is applied again after a month to supplement the nutrients needed for wheat growth.

Be sure to keep warm in advance, but also with other agents for management, but also to use antifreeze, it is best to classify management. Keep an eye on the growth of your wheat.

Wheat is a crop that needs more fertilizer, according to analysis, under general cultivation conditions, for every 100 kg of wheat produced, it needs to absorb about 3 kg of nitrogen, kg of phosphorus pentoxide, 2-4 kg of potassium oxide, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is about 3:1:3.

The uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in wheat varies with variety characteristics, cultivation techniques, soil, climate, etc. The higher the yield requirement, the higher the total amount of nutrients absorbed. The amount and proportion of nutrients absorbed by wheat are different at different growth stages.

There are two peaks of nitrogen uptake in wheat: first, nitrogen uptake accounts for about 40% of the total nitrogen from seedling emergence to jointing (overwintering and regreening stage in the north); Second, at the stage from jointing to booting and flowering, nitrogen absorption accounts for about 30%-40% of the total nitrogen, and a small amount is still absorbed after flowering. The absorption of phosphorus and potassium in wheat accounted for about 30% of the total absorption at the tillering stage, and the absorption rate increased sharply after jointing.

The absorption of phosphorus is the most abundant from booting to maturity, accounting for about 40% of the total absorption. The absorption of potassium is the largest from jointing to booting and flowering, accounting for about 60% of the total absorption, and the absorption of potassium has reached the maximum by the time of flowering. Therefore, in the wheat seedling stage, there should be an appropriate amount of nitrogen nutrition and a certain amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, so as to promote early tillering, early rooting, and cultivation of strong seedlings.

Jointing to flowering is the period when wheat absorbs the most nutrients in its lifetime, and more nitrogen and potassium nutrients are needed to consolidate tillering into ears, promote stalk growth and grain increase. After heading and flowering, sufficient nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients should be maintained to prevent premature senescence from fertilizer, promote the transformation and transportation of photosynthetic products, promote the filling of wheat grains, and increase grain weight.

The irrationality of wheat fertilization mainly includes soil nutrients, fertilization methods, and shallow soil tillage layer. First of all, it is necessary to bury the organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer as soon as possible, increase the trace elements in the soil, and the foliar surface also needs to be sprayed appropriately. Land ants.

There is a problem of wheat fertilization1The serious shortage of organic fertilizer is not that the farmer has no understanding of organic fertilizer, but now the farmers are the whole family, mainly organic fertilizer, and the chemical fertilizer is combined with the application of organic fertilizer, including adding organic matter to the soil from the three wheel bend groups, so as to improve the soil structure and cultivate the land. First, straw returning to the field, which can be described as a provincial labor and labor, balanced fertilization, and a simple way to delay nitrogen fertilizer is to apply enough organic fertilizer on the basis of the planned output.

When wheat is sown, 4 5 kg of compound fertilizer is applied per mu to avoid excessive dosage and ensure that all seedlings are sown.

1. Apply basal fertilizer to wheat. Before sowing, combined with tillage and land preparation, in arid plots, fertilizer can be applied deep to the bottom of the plough, and then turned over the soil; For heavy soil plots, fertilizer is sprinkled first, then ploughed, and the fertilizer is turned into the soil. In high-yield fields, 45% compound fertilizer 40 50 kg per mu is generally applied, and it can be mixed with farmhouse fertilizer if conditions permit, and the effect is better.

In low- and medium-yielding fields, 30 40 kg of 45% compound fertilizer can be applied per mu.

2. Wheat seed fertilizer. Generally, 4 5 kg of compound fertilizer can be applied per mu at the time of sowing to avoid excessive dosage and ensure that all seedlings are sown.

3. Top dressing for wheat.

1) Rejuvenate and get fat. For the wheat with weak growth, top dressing should be carried out in combination with watering during the regreening and rising periods, and 15 to 20 kg of nitrogen compound fertilizer or nitrogen fertilizer should be applied per mu to increase the effective or infiltration tillering and strive for sufficient number of ears per mu.

2) Jointing fertilizer. For the high-yield field with strong growth, the topdressing of 20 30 kg of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer per mu in combination with watering at the jointing stage can reduce ineffective tillering, promote the stalk to be robust, and improve the lodging resistance of wheat.

3) booting fertilizer. In conditional plots, 7 10 kg of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer was applied in combination with watering mu at the booting stage, which could effectively reduce floret degradation and increase the number of grains per panicle.

iv) Foliar fertilizer. Combined with the control of wheat ear aphid in the early stage of wheat filling, spraying 1% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution of 30 40 kg per mu can effectively improve the ability of wheat to resist dry and hot wind, delay leaf senescence, increase 1000-grain weight, and achieve the purpose of increasing yield.

The problem is that the fertilizer selected is not accurate, the time of fertilization is not accurate, the fertilization is not done in a scientific way, and the process of fertilization is not in accordance with the specific local conditions, such as drought. First of all, we must learn the correct way of fertilization, and secondly, we need to choose the right time with us, and in the process of fertilization, we must adapt measures to local conditions, choose different land types, and choose the fertilizer that is suitable for the group.