What are the Nobel laureates in medicine who are clinicians

1950 Edward Calvin Kendall, Philip Showalter Hench Structure and function of adrenocorticotropic hormones.

1977 Radioimmune analysis of rosalyn yalow peptide hormones.

1977 andrew v.Schally's brain secretes polypeptide hormones.

1990 joseph e.Murray organ transplant.

1996 peter c.Doherty cell-mediated specific immune responses.

Few clinicians can win a Nobel Prize.

The first person in China to win the Nobel Prize in Medicine was Tu Youyou.

Tu Youyou: Born on December 30, 1930 in Ningbo, Zhejiang, pharmacist. In 1951, he was admitted to the Department of Pharmacy of Peking University School of Medicine, majoring in pharmacognosy.

He graduated from Beijing Medical College (now Peking University Health Science Center) in 1955. After graduation, he received training in traditional Chinese medicine for two and a half years, and has been working at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (renamed the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences in 2005), during which he was promoted to master's supervisor and doctoral supervisor. He is currently the chief scientist, tenured researcher and chief researcher of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, the director of the Artemisinin Research and Development Center, and the doctoral supervisor.

He has been engaged in the research of the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine for many years, and his outstanding contribution is the creation of new antimalarial drugs artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin. In 1972, a colorless crystal with the formula C15H22O5 was successfully extracted and named artemisinin. In September 2011, he was awarded the Lasker Award and the "Outstanding Achievement Award in Life Sciences" of GlaxoSmithKline China R&D Center for the discovery of artemisinin, a drug used for malaria, which saved millions of lives around the world, especially in developing countries.

In October 2015, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her discovery of artemisinin, a drug that can effectively reduce mortality in malaria patients. She became the first Chinese to win the Nobel Prize in science.

The first Chinese scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Science, the Nobel Prize is the highest award in the Chinese medical community so far, and it is also the highest award for achievements in traditional Chinese medicine.

The list of the Nobel Prize in Medicine is:

1. Emil Adolf von Behring Germany, Ronald Ross England , Nils Lubery Finsen Denmark , Ivan Pavlov Russia Robert Koch Germany , Camilo Gorky Italy .

2. Santiago Ramon-Cajal Spain, Charles Louis Alphonse Laverant France, Ira Ilyich Mechnikov Russia, Emil Theodor Kohel Switzerland, Albrecht Kossel Germany.

3. Sydney Brenner United Kingdom , Paul Lauterberg United States , Richard Axel United States , Barry Marshall Australia , Robin Warren Australia , Andrew Fare United States , Craig Mello United States .

4. Mario Capecchi, United States, Sir Martin Evans, United Kingdom, Oliver Smith, United States, Harald Churhausen Germany, Françoise Barr-Sinossi, France, Luc Montani, France, Elizabeth Blackburn, Australia, Carol Greid, United States, Jack Southak, United Kingdom, Robert Jeffrey Edwards, United Kingdom.

5. Bruce Butler United States, Jules Holman France, Ralph Steinman United States, Sir John Gordon United Kingdom, James E. Rothman, John O'Keeffe (John O'Keefe, USA, May-Britt Moser Norway, Edvard IMoser) Norway.

Tu Youyou. When Tu Youyou was reading ancient books, she found that a plant called Artemisia annua appeared many times in the recipe for **fever. So she began experimenting with the extract of Artemisia annua on malaria-infected mice.

Some of the malaria parasites were found to die, but the overall results were mixed. Therefore, Tu Youyou continued to return to the ancient books to search.

In an ancient book dating back 1,700 years, she discovered a method for extracting Artemisia annua at low temperatures, so that the extract was so effective that it could kill all parasites. The active ingredient was subsequently identified and named artemisinin. Later studies found that artemisinin was able to kill parasites in a unique way.

Tu Youyou's discovery of artemisinin primers has led to the development of a new antimalarial drug that has saved millions of lives and halved malaria's fatality rate over the past 15 years.

In October 2015, Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of artemisinin, a drug that can effectively reduce the mortality rate of malaria patients, which also made Tu Youyou the first Chinese local rubber scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Science and the first Chinese scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine.