Who are the three winners of the 2015 Nobel Prize in Chemistry?

The 2015 Nobel Laureates in Chemistry are Thomas Lindahl from Sweden, Paul Modric from the United States, and Aziz Sanjar, who has American and Turkish citizenship.

Major achievements: the study of the cellular mechanisms of DNA repair.

The 2015 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Tomas Lindahl, Paul Modrich and Aziz Sancar.

Because they reveal at the molecular level how cells repair damaged DNA and protect genetic information. Their work provides a fundamental understanding of how living cells work and can help with many practical applications, such as the development of new cancers.

Thomas Lindahl (born 28 January 1938) was a Swedish medical scientist specializing in cancer research and a member of the Norwegian Academy of Sciences and Letters.

In 2010, he was awarded the Royal Order of the Royal Society for his research on RNA repair and in 2007 he was awarded the Copley Medal. He received his Ph.D. in 1967 and his M.D. from Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm in 1970, followed by postdoctoral research at Princeton University and Rockefeller University.

After moving to the UK, he joined the Imperial Cancer Research Society** (now Cancer Research UK) as a researcher in 1981.

In their citations, the trio wrote that in the molecular realm, they mapped out how cells repair DNA and protect genetic information. Their work provides the basic knowledge for the understanding of living cell function, and their research results can even provide great help for the development of cancer in the future**.

According to the Nobel Prize Official***, the 2015 Nobel Prize announcement ceremony will be held from October 5.

The specific announcement time of this year's Nobel Prize is as follows:

1. Physiology or Medicine Prize: no earlier than 11:30 Stockholm time on October 5 (17:30 Beijing time on October 5);

2. Physics Prize: no earlier than 11:45 Stockholm time on October 6 (17:45 Beijing time on October 6);

3. Chemistry Prize: no earlier than 11:45 on October 7, Stockholm time (17:45 Beijing time on the 7th);

4. Peace Prize: 11 a.m. Stockholm time on October 9 (5 p.m. Beijing time on October 9);

5. Economics Prize: no earlier than 13:00 on October 12, Stockholm time (19:00 Beijing time on the 12th).

The Nobel Laureates in Chemistry are:

2002 John Bennett Finn of the United States, Koichi Tanaka of Japan, Kurt Vetrich of Switzerland.

2003 Peter Agre, USA, Roderick McKinnon, USA, Roderick McKinnon, USA.

2004 Aaron Chechanover, Israel, Avram Hershko, Israel, Irving Roth, USA.

Yves Chauvin, France, Robert Grubb, USA, Richard Schrock, USA, 2005.

2006 USA Roger Kornberg. Tease.

Gerhard Ettel, Germany, 2007.

2008 Shimomura, Japan, Martin Chalfi, USA, Qian Yongjian.

In 2009, Venkatraman, UK, Ramakrishnan, Thomas Steitz, USA, Adajonat, Israel.

2010 Richard Heck of the United States, Eiichi Negishi of Japan, Akira Suzuki of Japan.

2011 Daniel Shechtman, Israel.

Robert Lefkowitz, Bryan Kebilka, USA, 2012.

Award History:

On November 27, 1895, Alfred Bernhard Nobel (hereafter referred to as Nobel) signed his last will and testament at the Swedish Norwegian Club in Paris, a year before his death. According to the last testament, the estate will be used to establish a series of awards to recognize people who have "made the greatest contribution to humanity" in science, chemistry, peace, physiology or medicine, and literature.

On April 26, 1897, Nobel's will was approved by the Norwegian Parliament, and the executors Langner Sauhlmann and Lydol Frijequist established the Nobel Prize Council to administer the estate and the prize. After the will was passed, the parliament appointed the Swedish Huangshan Sensui Academy of Sciences as the awarding body for the Physics Prize.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia - Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

The Nobel laureates in chemistry are Carolyn Bertosi, Danish chemist Morton Meldahl, and American chemist Carl Barry Sharpless.

Caroline Bertosi Profile:

Caroline Bertosi's father was a professor of physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, but after she entered Harvard University, she wanted to major in **. "My parents didn't want me to do that. One of my relatives had a ** career, but in the end he had to go to work in a bank to support his family.

I don't dare to disobey my parents. ”

So she chose a pre-med course that included math and science classes, and decided to major in biology at the end of her freshman year. "When I was a freshman, I didn't like regular chemistry classes," she says. It's just an option I have to tick. ”

What Bertosi found in chemistry interesting was the organic chemistry class in his second year. She quipped: "The class was commented by my classmates as 'the professor was deliberately embarrassing us, and the students complained about having too much to memorize,' but by far I liked it the most, I didn't find organic chemistry cumbersome or weird at all, it matched my brain."

A year after >, Bertosi switched from biology to chemistry. Of course, the ** career did not give up halfway. While many of her classmates worked as waiters in restaurants to earn tuition, she played the keyboard and sang in a heavy metal rock band.

It was the '80s, and her band was a regular show at college parties and other events, playing original metal rock or pop songs.