What is myocarditis? What are the symptoms? Are there any serious consequences?

Myocarditis is an inflammation that occurs on the heart muscle, inflammation can cause systolic and diastolic dysfunction of the heart, myocarditis is common in children and young adults under the age of 40, the disease is not timely, it will bring great harm, serious may cause sudden death, especially in infants with poor body resistance, the factors that induce myocarditis are mostly viral infections.

Infectious factors

Most of the viral and bacterial infections may cause myocarditis, especially enteroviruses, staphylobacteria, etc., and some fungi may also induce myocarditis, such as Candida, trypanosomes and other parasitic infections, which can also cause diffuse myocarditis.

Physicochemical factors

Frequent exposure to carbon monoxide, radioactive substances, etc., as well as taking anti-cancer drugs, may cause myocarditis due to allergies or toxic reactions.

Suffering from an autoimmune disease

People with autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus are more susceptible to myocarditis because lupus erythematosus accumulates in multiple systems and organs in the body, causing cardiovascular disease.

Prevent infection

Most of the myocarditis is related to the infection of viruses and bacteria, and we do a good job in preventing the invasion of viruses and bacteria in our lives, such as eating hygienically, changing the quilt at home regularly, etc., which can effectively prevent the virus from entering the human body, thus avoiding the occurrence of myocarditis.

Timely**

After finding out that you are suffering from myocarditis, you should go to the hospital in time to receive ** to avoid more serious situations, and follow the doctor's instructions and do not take drugs indiscriminately.

Try not to go to crowded places

Try to avoid going to crowded places, dense crowds are the most likely to lead to the occurrence of virus infection, such as places with poor sanitary conditions, crowded places, if you can't avoid going out, you must do a good job of self-protection.

Keep moving

Exercise is the guarantee of physical health, and physical exercise can be carried out through running, walking and other sports methods on weekdays to achieve the purpose of enhancing physical fitness, and then can prevent the occurrence of myocarditis, but for people with myocarditis, it is only suitable for slower exercises, such as tai chi, and long-term persistence is required.

Myocarditis and other cardiovascular diseases must be paid attention to, do a good job of protection in life, try to stay away from unhealthy environments, and go to crowded places less, usually you can exercise appropriately, exercise at the same time can also prevent the occurrence of myocarditis, and keep warm in the cold winter, so as not to cause some damage to the heart muscle due to long-term colds.

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Symptoms of myocarditis may be manifested in body temperature and heart rate. The body temperature and heart rate growth rate of the average person are corresponding, and the heart rate will be significantly different due to the change of body temperature. If you usually feel a slow heart rate or a drastic change in body temperature, it may be a sign of myocarditis.

Most people with myocarditis have symptoms such as chest pain, which is different from other types of pain. When the patient has chest pain, he or she often has a severe and unbearable condition, and even a feeling of imminent death. Depending on the age and constitution, the duration of the pain varies, some people may last for a short time, others may last for several days, and even some patients may not be effectively relieved after taking medication.

This chest pain is actually related to the enlargement of the heart, and when the heart is temporarily enlarged, it compresses the surrounding blood vessels, resulting in severe pain.

In addition, some of the patient's manifestations may be similar to those of a mild cold, such as coughing, fever, and other common cold symptoms. Patients with myocarditis often have similar symptoms in the first 1 to 3 weeks before the onset of the disease, and sometimes have diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, etc., which should not be confused with a cold.

1. Infection: Myocarditis is usually caused by common viral infections. The most common viruses are enteroviruses, including coxsackievirus, as well as adenoviruses.

It is mainly due to myocardial damage caused by viral toxicity, and in addition, viral infection triggers strong humoral and cellular immunity in the body to cause myocardial inflammatory changes. Some bacteria, such as Brucella, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Haemophilus influenzae, etc., can cause myocardial inflammation.

2. Drug allergic reaction: drug allergic reaction involves myocardium, which can produce eosinophils around myocardium and cardiac electrophysiological abnormalities. Drugs such as hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide, ampicillin, tetracycline, azithromycin, aminophylline, phenytoin, benzodiazepines, and tricyclic antidepressants can cause myocarditis.

3. Autoimmune diseases: systemic lupus erythematosus, Wegener's granulomatosis, giant cell arteritis, Kawasaki disease and Gaulan arteritis may cause myocarditis. In lupus patients, the proportion of complicated myocarditis found in clinical studies is about 9 .

4. Cardiomyopathy: Myocarditis may be a complication of other cardiomyopathies, including cardiac amyloidosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. In amyloidosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, myocarditis may affect prognosis.

Some young people suffer more from myocarditis, the most common of which is viral myocarditis, and others include bacterial (diphtheria, etc.) fungi and protozoa. These viruses and bacteria directly invade the myocardium, as well as damage to the small blood vessels in the myocardium, myocardial damage produced by immune mechanisms and damage to the myocardium by toxins, causing lysis of myocardial cells, interstitial edema, monocytic infiltration. If pathological biopsy is performed, microscopic examination may show histiocytic, lymph, eosinophil, or neutrophil infiltration and interstitial edema in the connective tissue between and around the myocardial fibers, and myocardial fibers may be lipid, granular, or vitreous, and may also have myolysis or necrosis.

Arrhythmias are predisposed if myocarditis lesions affect the heart's pacing conduction system, such as the sinus node, atrioventricular node, atrioventricular bundle, and Pokinno's fibers.

In addition, patients with myocarditis should have sufficient rest in the acute stage, and should prevent excessive fatigue, emotional agitation, full meals, excessive spicy and fatty taste, and atrioventricular excesses. Otherwise, in the above cases, it is easy to increase the burden on the heart muscle and aggravate the condition, and arrhythmia will occur.

Myocarditis is defined as acute, subacute, or chronic inflammatory lesions in the heart muscle that are localized or diffuse. The relative incidence of viral myocarditis has been increasing in recent years. The severity of the disease is different, the manifestations vary greatly, and antiviral and nutritional enhancement are needed!