What are the main technical indicators of microcomputers? What are the implications of the technical

Supplement upstairs: 5 data transfer rates. 6 main frequency. 7 Compatibility. 1 or described in millions of floating-point instructions per second. That's pretty much it.

MicrocomputersThe main performance indicators do not include:degree of parallelism;

There are three levels of microcomputer system from global to local: microcomputer system, microcomputer, and microprocessor.

cpu）。Neither a simple microprocessor nor a simple microcomputer can work independently, and only a microcomputer system is a complete information processing system and has practical significance.

Peculiarity. Microcomputers are characterized by small size, great flexibility, low cost, and easy to use. Since 1981, when IBM Corporation of the United States launched the first generation of microcomputer IBM-PC, microcomputers.

With its accurate execution results, fast processing speed, cost-effective, lightweight and compact characteristics, it has quickly entered all fields of society;

And the technology is constantly updated, the product is rapidly replaced, from a simple computing tool to a powerful multi-state tool that can process numbers, symbols, words, language, graphics, images, audio, and other information. Today's microcomputer products have made a great leap forward from their earlier products in terms of computing speed, multi-function, software and hardware support, and ease of use.

1. Word length. Word length refers to the number of bits of binary data that a computer's CPU can directly process.

2. Clock frequency refers to the clock frequency of the computer CPU. The main units are megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz).

3. Computing speed. The speed of what is commonly referred to as a computer is generally described in millions of seconds (mips).

4. Storage capacity is divided into memory capacity and external memory capacity. This mainly refers to memory capacity. At present, the memory capacity of microcomputers has reached several gigabytes.

5. The access period is the time it takes for the CPU to access data from the internal memory. The shorter the access period, the faster the computation.

A microcomputer is a computer that uses a microprocessor as a CPU. A small electronic computer consisting of large-scale integrated circuits. It consists of a microprocessor (core), a memory chip, an input and output chip, and a system bus.

It is characterized by small size, great flexibility, cheap and easy to use. A common feature of these computers is that they take up very little physical space. Most of the equipment used in microcomputers is tightly packed in a separate chassis, but some devices may be connected outside the chassis for short distances, such as monitors, keyboards, mice, etc.

In general, the size of a microcomputer is thick enough to make it easy to fit on most desktops. In contrast, larger computers such as small computers, mainframe computers, and supercomputers can occupy part of a cabinet or an entire room. Most microcomputers can only serve a single user at the same time, but some PCs and workstations running UNIX-like operating systems can provide multiple users at the same time.

Like all computers, microprocessors are responsible for all computation and data processing. There are two types of data storage that work with the CPU, very high-speed but volatile RAM and lower-speed but non-volatile disks. A complete microcomputer consists of other devices such as power supplies** and various input and output devices, such as printers, screens, human interface devices, etc., that are used to convey information to or obtain data from a human operator.

The five main technical indicators to measure the performance of a microcomputer are: word length, storage capacity, access cycle, main frequency, and computing speed.

The word length indicates the accuracy with which the information is processed, and the longer the word length, the higher the accuracy. Storage capacity mainly refers to the memory capacity, which is calculated in bytes. The access period is the minimum time interval allowed for a full read and write operation of memory.

The shorter the access period, the faster the access speed. The main frequency is the clock frequency of the computer; The higher the main frequency, the faster the operation speed.4 The operation speed is expressed in the number of instructions that can be executed per second, and the unit is millions of shifts, expressed in mips.

Microcomputers mainly have the following technical indicators

1) Word length: The CPU processes binary data bits in parallel.

The main technical indicators of microcomputers are: word length, main frequency, and memory capacity.

1. Word length: The word length is the number of bits of binary data that the computer can directly process, marking the ability of the computer to process data, the word length determines the ability and accuracy of computer computing, the longer the word length, the stronger the computer's computing power, the higher the accuracy, the more effective data storage units, the stronger the ability to find the address.

2. Main frequency: The main frequency of the CPU, that is, the clock frequency of the CPU core, indicates the speed of the digital pulse signal in the CPU. Many people think that the main frequency of the CPU represents its operating speed, but it is not directly related to the computing power of the CPU.

3. Memory capacity: Memory is the memory of the computer, which is used to store the original data, intermediate results and programs that indicate the computer to work in operation, which is divided into random access memory and read-only memory. Common memories include synchronous DRM, double-rate synchronous RAM, and interface DRM.

The main features of a microcomputer

Small size, light weight and low power consumption; Due to the widespread use of large-scale and ultra-large-scale integrated circuits in microcomputers, the volume of microcomputers has been greatly reduced. With the continuous development of VLSI technology, the microprocessors launched in the future will be more integrated and observant.

High reliability and low environmental requirementsDue to the use of large-scale and ultra-large-scale integrated circuits in the microcomputer, the number of devices used in the system is reduced, and the number of connections between devices and components and connectors is also reduced accordingly.

In addition, the power consumption required for the MOS circuit itself to work is also very low, so the reliability of the microcomputer is greatly improved. This reduces the requirements for the environment in which it is used. Ordinary home and office environments can meet the requirements, which promotes the popularization of microcomputers.

The main technical indicators of a microcomputer are the speed of operation, the length of the word and the capacity of the internal memory.

1. Computing speed.

Computing speed is an important measure of computer performance. The so-called computer computing speed (average computing speed) refers to the number of instructions that can be executed per second, which is generally described as "millions of instructions, seconds". The same computer may take different amounts of time to perform different calculations, so the speed of the operation is often described in different ways.

2. Word length. Generally speaking, a set of Changliang binary numbers processed by a computer within the judgment width at the same time is called a computer's "word", and the number of digits of this group of binary numbers is the "word length". All other things being equal, the larger the word length, the faster the computer can process the data.

3. The capacity of the internal memory.

Internal memory, also referred to as main memory, is a memory that can be directly accessed by the CPU, and the programs that need to be executed and the data that need to be processed are stored in the main memory. The size of the internal memory capacity reflects the computer's ability to store information instantaneously.

With the upgrading of operating systems, the continuous enrichment of application software and the continuous expansion of its functions, people's demand for computer memory capacity is also increasing. The larger the memory capacity, the more powerful the system will be, and the larger the amount of data it can process.

Generally speaking, the main performance indicators of microcomputer systems are:

1. Computing speed, computing speed is an important indicator for Duan Kai to measure computer performance;

2. The word length, the number of binary bits processed by the computer at the same time;

3. The capacity of the internal memory, the internal memory, also referred to as the main memory, is the memory that the CPU can directly access, and the size of the internal memory capacity reflects the computer's ability to store information in real time;

4. The capacity of external memory, the capacity of external storage usually refers to the capacity of hard disk (including internal hard disk and mobile hard disk). The larger the capacity of the external memory, the more information can be stored;

5.The software configuration directly affects the use and performance of the microcomputer system. Usually the software that should be configured are: operating system, computer language and tool software, etc., in addition to the database management system and various application software.