Why is the Tumubao Revolution an unprecedented military defeat in the history of the Ming Dynasty?

In the Tumubao Change, the Wara tribe achieved a huge advantage with a small number of troops, and captured the emperor, which was an unprecedented defeat for the Ming Dynasty.

Before the Tumubao Change, the Ming Dynasty army was invincible and swept in all directions.

Because the Ming Dynasty had not lost much before, before the Tumu Fort, the Ming Dynasty had always won foreign wars.

Throughout the Ming Dynasty Zhu Empire, the defeat of a battle cannot be said to be the beginning of a downhill slope, but there is a key figure in the Tumubao incident that clarifies the ...... of the decline of the Ming DynastyThe one who instigated Zhu Qizhen to drive the expedition in person, and the one who dictated military affairs was called Wang Zhen, and his identity was: eunuch!

Right! The Ming Dynasty was ruined in political infighting, and the bane was the eunuchs! The following is a list of several representative traitorous eunuchs of the Ming Dynasty:

Wei Zhongxian. This eunuch was a famous eunuch in the Ming Dynasty; During the Wanli period, he was from the palace (I cut ......This courage is commendable! ) into the Jiazi library (Ming Dynasty inner room ten libraries as the cloth in charge) as a eunuch; Later, Wang Cairen, the mother of the eldest grandson of the emperor, made a meal (serving as a petty official of the royal diet); Later, he became acquainted with the Wei Dynasty and the Bingbi eunuch Wang An; After Zhu Changluo died, Zhu Youxiao ascended the throne; Wei Zhongxian won Zhu Youxiao's favor with his relationship network of relatives and eunuchs, and soared all the way to ......After the death of the nine-thousand-year-old Wei Zhongxian in Zhu Youxiao, he was directly questioned by Sizong Zhu You's house, and ended up hanging himself.

Liu Jin. Probably the richest eunuch in the Chinese history books......The result of the famous copyist, the first of the eight tigers ...... too famousThere is also the famous 3357 stabbing ......About Liu Jin and his person, interested friends can take a look at "Ming Tongjian". Wu Zong", not much here.

The appearance of the separation problem, the Ming Dynasty gave birth to eunuchs who were no less decisive than the relatives of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the dynasty was mostly destroyed by internal strife and civil strife; is not afraid of foreign invasion, but is afraid that the embankment of thousands of miles will collapse in the anthill ......Awake!!

Throughout the history of the Ming Dynasty, even if there is no change in the civil fort, it will fall, the Ming Dynasty is not lost in military strength, mainly in natural disasters, man-made disasters, no silver, the court is full of benevolence and morality, will not make money will only spend money, no matter how strong the military is without money, it is in vain.

In practice, it should be understood that the battle of Tumubao was the result, and the decline of the Ming Dynasty was the cause, and the Ming Dynasty was defeated elsewhere if it was not defeated here. The defeat of the Ming Dynasty was the result of the accumulation of many reasons, but its center was the rigid state system of the Ming Dynasty, the lack of effective restrictions on power, and the accumulation of limited consumption power of the agrarian culture. When the Ming army was besieged, it was no longer able to rescue, which shows the limited level of the Ming Dynasty's practical military strength.

The Ming Dynasty will not become stronger, because the foundation of the Ming Dynasty has been destroyed, and it will not be redeemed because of one thing, the eunuchs of the Ming Dynasty at that time were in power, which greatly destroyed the stable life of the masses, and the masses were struggling to make a living, and lost trust in the imperial court at that time, even if there was no change in the civil fort, there would be more other uprisings to rebel against the rule of the Ming Dynasty.

No, it won't. This is because the Ming Dynasty at that time has had a lot of internal troubles, but also led to a lot of wars, so it will also affect the development of the Ming Dynasty, if there is no change in the civil fort, it will lead to the Ming Dynasty is very backward.

It will definitely become stronger, because these emperors of the Ming Dynasty are all capable, and they are very sure of governing the country.

The main reason is that the military system of the Ming Dynasty is relatively excellent, and it belongs to the system of separation of military power.

Because of the key events of the Ming Dynasty from prosperity to decline, in the war, the Ming Dynasty lost a lot of excellent soldiers and a lot of land, and a particularly serious rebellion occurred.

Because their system is still running. It's still managing all the places well, so it's not out of control.

Because this was a key event in the Ming Dynasty's transition from prosperity to decline, in this war, the Ming Dynasty lost a lot of excellent soldiers, also lost a lot of land, and a particularly serious rebellion occurred.

<> "After also inheriting the throne of the tile spur, why did the Tumubao change with the Ming Dynasty?"

At that time, a powerful Mongol tribe called Warat arose in the northern region of the Ming Dynasty. After also inheriting the throne of Waspur, friction began with the Ming Dynasty.

At that time, the Taishi of the Tile Thorn also launched a war against the Ming Dynasty on the grounds that the Ming court had reduced the reward and asked for a loss to marry the princess of the Ming Dynasty without permission, and the troops were divided into four routes, respectively from Liaodong, Xuanfu, Datong, Ganzhou and other places to the Ming Dynasty at the same time.

And the Ming Dynasty emperor Zhu Qizhen, under the instigation of the eunuch Wang Zhen, decided to drive the expedition in person. Zhu Qizhen launched four large-scale northern expeditions in the third year of orthodoxy, the sixth year of orthodoxy, the ninth year of orthodoxy, and the fourteenth year of orthodoxy. During the Fourth Northern Expedition, Ming Yingzong was defeated and captured due to the failure of the intelligence system.

There are both accidental anomalies and deeper reasons for this matter, among which abnormal factors include the emperor's blind personal conquest, the eunuch Wang Zhen's dictatorship, and command errors. The deep-seated reason is that this is the inevitable result of the conflict in the development of political and economic relations between Mongolia and China.

Wang Zhen, as a close confidant eunuch of Ming Yingzong, actually colluded with the tile spur to privately carry out arms **, let's just say it, there were only a dozen people who paid tribute, and then as the team got bigger and bigger, he began to lie, which originally had a team of 2,000 people, and it was said that we had as many as 3,000 people. This is also one of the reasons why the tile spurs attacked the border of the Ming Dynasty.

The Tumubao Incident was a major defeat of the Ming Dynasty against the Mongols, Ming Yingzong, who led hundreds of thousands of troops to conquer in person, encountered tens of thousands of soldiers and horses, and was defeated in the final decisive battle, and Ming Yingzong was also captured first, which is the Tumubao Incident in history.

After this battle, shouting brigade dress was also in the limelight, so why was it not able to destroy the Ming Dynasty in one fell swoop? In fact, the answer is also very simple, because it can't be done first.

After the martyrdom of Zhu Di, the Ming Dynasty moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijing, and pursued the strategy of the king dying and the son of heaven guarding the country. Some people say that such a national policy is too risky, so that the Ming Dynasty has no strategic depth in the face of foreign enemies, and the number of times Beijing has been attacked by enemy soldiers in history is probably the most in all dynasties.

But it is undeniable that this is also beneficial for the Ming Dynasty. Beijing, as the capital, is actually the support point not far behind the anti-Zheng Zao line of the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty, and the place of clouds in the heart of the Song Dynasty, which is the barrier of the Central Plains. As long as the invasion of the north is blocked here, then the peace of the prosperous Central Plains and the rich Jiangnan can be preserved.

At that time, there were not many troops, only tens of thousands, although they defeated the main force of the Ming army that accompanied the emperor in the battle, but it was impossible for them not to be consumed. And the Ming Dynasty, as a big country, will not be able to determine the national fortunes of the Ming Dynasty just by winning a battle. This can refer to the Manchu Eight Banners that later rose in Liaodong, from Nurhachi to the final Wu Sangui opened the Shanhai Pass, how many times did the Ming Dynasty and the Manchu Qing Dynasty have fought a conference, and the two sides can be regarded as flickering victory and tug-of-war, before and after decades, if it is not for the internal problems of the Ming Dynasty, it is difficult to say whether the Manchu Qing can break through or how long it will take to break the pass.

There were only tens of thousands of troops, and they only won one battle, although they looked at the capital of the Ming Dynasty, but in fact, the capital of the Ming Dynasty was extremely close to the front line, and it did not threaten the hinterland of the Ming Dynasty at all, and did not threaten the mobilization and war potential of the Ming Dynasty. The only difference is that he also caught the emperor of the Ming Dynasty first.

In such a situation, when the Ming Dynasty did not compromise with the emperor's chips in Yexian's hand, Yexian had no choice, and the final result was the same. Even Beijing has not been able to take it, so how can it be said that it swept the Central Plains, drank the Yangtze River, and destroyed the entire Ming Dynasty?

At that time, with the strength of tens of thousands of people, he was only able to detain the border and harass, and he had neither the ambition nor the ability to destroy the Ming Dynasty.

The strength of the Ming Dynasty is very strong, even if it has experienced the change of the civil fort, the strength can not be compared first, and at that time, the Ming Dynasty also had Yu Qian and other famous generals, after the change of the civil fort, he also captured Zhu Qizhen first, originally planned to use him to collapse Xun to coerce the Ming Dynasty to open the door to attack the Ming Dynasty, but did not want Yu Qian and others to immediately promote Zhu Qiyu as the emperor, and Yu Qian and other famous generals swore to defend the Ming Dynasty, and failed to break through the Ming Dynasty.

I think this has something to do with Yexian's background, and he was only a Warat Taishi, and he couldn't get help from the surrounding tribes.

It was only part of the military forces of the Ming Dynasty that were wiped out in the Tumubao Incident. In the Ming Dynasty, there were also many military forces that were scattered at the border of the Ming Dynasty, and it took a certain amount of time to return to the capital. Moreover, the territory of the Ming Dynasty was vast and the population was large, and many prime-aged people could be recruited at any time as supplements, and it was impossible to eliminate the Ming Dynasty in one fell swoop.

The Tumubao Incident was a foreign war in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, and the result of the war was that Ming Yingzong was captured, and almost all the hundreds of thousands of troops of the Ming Dynasty were lost, and later historians believe that this event was a major turning point in the development of the Ming Dynasty. First of all, since the establishment of Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang in the Ming Dynasty, the national power has been continuously strengthened through the continuous efforts of successive emperors. In particular, the Ming Dynasty army won many victories against the Northern Yuan Dynasty, but the Tumubao Incident caused hundreds of thousands of Ming Dynasty troops to lose at one time, and many of them were the elite of the Ming Dynasty.

Secondly, when Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty, and Renxuan were in power, they all took the initiative to attack the northern grassland forces and continued to achieve victories, and since the Tumubao Incident, the Ming Dynasty could only take a defensive position against the northern grassland forces. In addition, one of the main reasons for this incident was the interference of eunuchs, and since then the interference of eunuchs in government affairs has officially risen.

1. Losses of previously accumulated military forces

Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang started from scratch, and he fought a good country in the Ming Dynasty, and through the joint efforts of several generations of descendants in later generations, the Ming army was prestigious. In the Tumubao Incident, except for a few elites left by Ming Yingzong to stay in Beijing, all other elites were brought out at one time, but in the end they all lost, which greatly affected the military strength of the Ming Dynasty.

2. Completely change from active to passive

After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, the northern grassland forces were still very strong, so during the period of Ming Taizu and Ming Chengzu, they carried out many northern expeditions and achieved victories, and the northern grassland forces have always been very jealous of the Ming Dynasty. However, since the Tumubao Change, the military weaknesses of the Ming Dynasty were exposed, and the northern forces began to take the initiative to attack, and the Ming Dynasty also turned from offensive to defensive.

3. Eunuch interference in politics began to rise

One of the main reasons for the Tumubao Rebellion was that the emperor, under the guidance of the eunuchs, sent troops without regard to the actual situation. Eunuch intervention in the government began to rise at this time, and although the emperor continued to limit the power of eunuchs for nearly two hundred years, the trend of eunuch intervention could not be suppressed, and the Ming Dynasty continued to die in this situation.

This war ended in defeat for the Ming Dynasty, which made the surrounding countries see the decline of the Ming Dynasty's national power, and to a certain extent, it slowly broke away from the control of the Ming Dynasty, accelerating the collapse of the Ming Dynasty.

Since this war, the national strength of the Ming Dynasty has been greatly depleted, and it has had a great impact on the political, economic and military aspects, resulting in the decline of the Ming Dynasty.

After this incident, some people advocated moving the capital to the south and fleeing. In the past, the Ming Dynasty adopted an active national defense policy, but then it became passive.