What are the characteristics of tensile membrane structure?

Flexible. The tensile membrane structure is deformed under wind or snow loads, and the membrane structure adapts to the external load by deformation, in which the radius of the curvature of the membrane surface in the direction of the load is reduced until it can resist the load more effectively. Light.

The flexibility of the tensile membrane structure allows it to produce large displacements without permanent deformation. The elastic properties and prestress level of the membrane determine the deformation and reaction of the membrane structure. The flexibility of adapting to nature can inspire architectural design.

Light translucency: The light transmittance of tensile membrane can provide the required illumination for the building, which is very important for building energy saving. Through the comprehensive use of natural lighting and artificial lighting, the light transmittance of the membrane can provide greater creative space for architectural design.

At night, the translucency transforms the membrane structure into a sculpture of light. SafetyDue to the low weight of lightweight structures, even in the event of accidental collapse, they are less dangerous than traditional building structures. When the membrane structure is torn, if the structural arrangement can ensure that the rigid supporting components such as masts and beams do not collapse, the danger will be smaller.

The unique curved shape of the sculptural tensile membrane structure gives it a strong sculptural feel. The membrane surface is self-balanced by tension. The undulating surface of the negative Gaussian membrane has a sense of balance, making it seem that the larger structure is floating lightly between heaven and earth as if it had been freed from the constraints of gravity.

Whether indoors or outdoors, this sculptural texture can be touching. The membrane structure is calculated using the limit state design method based on probability theory, and the design expression of partial coefficients is used. The membrane structure should be selected according to the nature and grade of the building, service life, use function, structural span, fire protection requirements, regional natural conditions and the durability of the membrane.

The tesioned membrane structure is a mechanism system that relies on the tensile stress of the membrane itself, the support rod and the cable. Under the illumination of sunlight, the interior of the building covered by the membrane is filled with natural diffuse light, and there is no strong contrast between the glossy surface and the shadow, and the indoor space visual environment is open and harmonious. At night, the light inside the building illuminates the night sky through the membrane of the roof, and the shape of the building gives a fantastic effect.

Tensile membrane structures are particularly suitable for the roofs of urban landmark buildings, such as sports and entertainment venues, shopping malls and restaurants that require advertising effects. The transportation hub of the city is the key building of the lifeblood of the city, and the use of functions requires the clear signage of each component unit of the building. Therefore, in recent years, more and more membrane structures have been used in this type of building.

The service life of building membrane materials is more than 25 years. During the use period, the mechanical form of the material can be kept stable under snow or wind loads.

The form of tensile membrane structure can be divided into three forms: skeleton membrane structure, tensile membrane structure, and inflatable membrane structure. The form of tensile membrane structure is composed of membrane, steel cable and pillar, and the tension is introduced into the membrane material by using steel cable and pillar to achieve a stable form.

In addition to practicing creative, innovative and beautiful shapes, it is also the structural form that can best express the spirit of membrane structure. In recent years, large-scale span spaces have also been used in the form of steel cable nets composed of steel cables and compressed materials to support the upper membrane. Due to the high construction accuracy requirements, strong structural performance, and rich expressiveness, the cost is slightly higher than that of the skeleton membrane structure.

Artistry: Give full play to the imagination of the architect, and reflect the beauty of the clear force of the structural components.

Economy: Because the membrane has a certain light transmittance, the lighting intensity and time can be reduced during the day, which can save energy well. At the same time, the splendid landscape formed by the transmission of colored lights at night can also achieve good advertising benefits.

Large-span: The membrane structure can fundamentally overcome the difficulties encountered by traditional structures in large-span (unsupported) buildings, and can create a huge unobstructed visual space and effectively increase the space use area.

Self-cleaning: The membrane material with protective coating is used in the membrane building, which can make the building have a good self-cleaning effect and ensure the service life of the building.

Short construction period: All processing and production in membrane construction projects are completed in the factory, which can reduce on-site construction time and avoid construction crossing, which is shorter than that of traditional construction projects. Membrane buildings can be widely used in large-scale public facilities:

Rooftop systems for sports venues, airport lobbies, exhibition centers, shopping malls, platforms, etc., can also be used for leisure facilities, the use of industrial facilities, and iconic or landscape architectural pieces.

Only buildings that correctly express the logic of the structure can have strong persuasiveness and expressiveness", this sentence reveals the essence of tensile membrane structure. For tensile membrane structures, any additional support and modification is superfluous, and the structure itself is modeling; In other words, it is impossible to shape the structure without that, because the film is either fluttering or lacks stability. The beauty of the tensile membrane structure lies in the perfect combination of "force" and "shape".

The basic components of a tensile membrane structure usually are: membrane, cable, and supporting structure (mast, arch or other rigid component).

Membrane stool is an emerging building material that has been recognized as the "sixth building material" after brick, stone, concrete, steel polished brigade and wood. The membrane itself is not under much compression, and the bending resistance is not very good, so in order for the membrane structure to work properly, it is necessary to introduce appropriate pre-tension. In addition, another important condition for the proper operation of the membrane structure is the formation of interbolic surfaces.

In order to reduce the deformation of the structure, the resistance of the traditional structure must be increased. The membrane structure, on the other hand, distributes the load by changing its shape, so as to obtain the minimum increase in internal forces. When the membrane structure is deformed near the equilibrium position, two regenerative forces can be generated: one is caused by geometric deformation; The other is caused by strain in the material.

In general, the geometric stiffness is much greater than the elastic stiffness, so in order to have good stiffness for each diaphragm, a negative Gaussian surface should be formed as much as possible, i.e. a "high point" and a "low point" diagonally. The "high point" is usually provided by the mast, and perhaps for this reason, some literature also refers to tension membrane structures as suspension membrane structures. As the elastic boundary of the membrane, the cable divides the membrane into a series of diaphragms, thereby reducing the free support length of the membrane and making it easier for the film surface to form a large curvature.

It has been pointed out in the literature that the free support length of the membrane should not exceed 15 meters, and the coverage area of a single membrane should not be greater than 500 square meters. In addition, another important role of the cable is to provide additional support to the supporting structure such as the mast, so as to ensure that the supporting structure will not collapse due to the breakage of the membrane.

Due to the plasticity of the image and the high flexibility and adaptability of the structural method, the tensile membrane structure is extremely widely used. The tensile membrane structure can be divided into cable net type, notochord type, etc. The tensile membrane structure system is expressive and has strong structural performance, but the cost is slightly higher and the construction requirements are also high.

1. Lightweight: The reason for the low self-weight of the tensile structure is that it relies on the prestressed form rather than the material to maintain the stability of the structure. As a result, its dead weight is much smaller than that of traditional building structures, but it has good stability.

Architects can take advantage of its lightweight and long-span characteristics to design and organize structural details, organically unifying its lightness and stability structural characteristics.

2. Light transmittance: The light transmittance of the membrane can provide the required illumination for the building, which is very important for building energy saving. It is especially important for some commercial buildings that require more light and high brightness.

Through the comprehensive utilization of natural lighting and artificial lighting, the light transmittance of the membrane can provide greater aesthetic creation space for architectural design. At night, the translucency transforms the membrane structure into a sculpture of light.

3. Flexibility: The tensile membrane structure is not rigid, and it will deform under the action of wind load or snow load. The membrane structure adapts to the external load by deformation, during which the radius of curvature of the membrane surface in the direction of the load decreases until it can resist the load more effectively.

4. Sculpture: The unique curved shape of the tensile membrane structure makes it have a strong sense of sculpture. The membrane surface is self-balanced by tension.

The undulating surface of the negative Gaussian membrane has a sense of balance, making the larger structures appear to float lightly between heaven and earth as if they were free from the constraints of gravity. Whether indoors or outdoors, this sculptural texture is exciting.

5. Safety: The lightweight tensile membrane structure designed in accordance with the existing national norms and guidelines has sufficient safety. The lightweight structure can maintain good stability under the action of equal horizontal loads.

Membrane cloth is a film of chemical fiber fabric with a coating on the surface. It is divided into two parts, the base layer is chemical fiber fabric (fiberglass glass fiber, polyester), which mainly determines the mechanical properties, provides the tensile strength of the material and the shear strength, etc.; The outer layer is a coating (PVC, Teflon, silicone resin silicon), which mainly solves the physical properties of the material, and provides the fire resistance, hunger resistance durability and waterproof self-cleaning properties of the material. Determined by the technical characteristics of the membrane cloth, it is not only a structural material, but also an enclosure material, and it is a new type of building structure envelope material that can organically unify the shape of the free curve and the transparent texture.

Its weight is light, the tensile strength is good, and it is more suitable for covering large space buildings. The membrane material used in the tensile membrane structure consists of two parts: the base cloth and the coating. The base cloth is mainly made of polyester fiber and glass fiber materials; The coating materials are mainly polyvinyl chloride and polytetrafluoroethylene.

Commonly used membranes are polyester fiber coated polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and glass fiber coated polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon). The main characteristics of PVC material are low strength, high elasticity, easy aging, large creep, poor self-cleaning, but cheap, easy to process and make, rich color, good folding resistance. In order to improve its performance, a layer of PTFE coating can be applied on its surface to improve its anti-aging and self-cleaning ability, and its life can reach about 15 years.

Teflon material has high strength, large elastic modulus, self-cleaning, durability and fire resistance, but it is more expensive, not easy to fold, has high requirements for cutting and production accuracy, and has a life span of more than 30 years, which is suitable for permanent buildings.

Hello 1, the method of increasing tension in different positions Ming Dan The stretch film structure with high boundary stiffness is installed by pulling on the adjacent ground and lifting it with a guardrail. The off-site hoisting process is completed on the ground, which is convenient to operate, time-saving and labor-saving. But lifting requires large lifting equipment and enough working space.

2. Fastening method of antenna assembly If a rigid stretch film boundary is built between two commercial buildings. The supporting structure is the façade of the building, with a spacing of no more than 16 meters. Due to the conditions of the construction site, if the structure is assembled into blocks, it cannot be lifted, so the method of assembling and tensioning needs to be adopted.

3. The membrane structure project of the roof of the diving pool is mainly to maintain the integration of the membrane surface, and the supporting structure is an arched frame. In order to lift at the same time, two 100-ton cranes are used to lift the membrane surface into place, and then gradually lengthen the steel edge cable and membrane angle to pre-tension the membrane surface. The above three points are all about the construction method of tensile membrane structure, if you still have questions, you can feel free to consult us