Under what circumstances does oil dissolve in water and why is it not soluble in water? Do you know

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Let's know a few concepts first! Water, with the molecular formula H2O, the simplest oxide, is an inorganic substance, (not to mention the physical properties, everyone knows it); "Oil" must be organic, we have countless common types of oil, but the molecular formula can be expressed by the general formula (CH2O)N, which is a derivative of hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are common.

Emulsifier is emulsification, that is, the large oil droplets are dispersed into countless small oil droplets to facilitate removal, forming an emulsion, and the mixed liquid will stratify after standing, such as detergent, laundry detergent, etc.; Dissolution, on the other hand, is to mix one substance with another substance evenly to form a stable and homogeneous mixture, which does not stratify or (and) precipitate after standing. If the very pure table salt is completely dissolved in water, when the water and salt are unchanged, it will not stratify after standing, and the concentration of the solution anywhere is equal.

When oil is soluble in water, it is necessary to use a solvent that can dissolve organic matter and be easily soluble in water, such as 3-methyl-1-ethanol (referred to as ethanol, commonly known as alcohol, molecular formula CH3CH2OH), which can be miscible with water in any ratio and can dissolve most organic matter (such as "oil").

I don't know!!!

I would also like to know!! Is it soluble in water in the case of denaturation?

Introduction: For people who cook a lot, one of the things that is often found is that cooking oil doesn't blend with water. Of course, it will also be found by people who often do scientific experiments.

Not only edible oils, but all kinds of oils will not be miscible with water. Is this because what components in the oil are repelled by water? Is there any way to merge the two?

This requires us to practice and discover it based on relevant chemical knowledge, and learn to summarize the reasons.

1. Daily phenomenon: Oil is insoluble in water and can be seen at any time in our daily life. For example, using soap to wash clothes or washing dishes with detergent, the principle of decontamination, we can observe that water and oil are not miscible in this process, and the presence of oil can also be clearly seen in the water. The use of chemical knowledge can be explained that oil and water are immiscible because the energy released by oil and water molecules is not enough to make up for other energy losses, so in our daily life, in the process of cleaning, it is not surprising to find that there is not easy to water.

2. Related reasonsAccording to the knowledge of chemistry, the more similar the structure of the substance, the less difficult it is to be compatible with it. Therefore, oil and water are incompatible, and the fundamental reason is that their material structures are not similar. There are also professionals who show that oil is insoluble in water, the main reason is that oil does not contain common water-soluble genes, such as -oh, -cooh, etc., many netizens said that oil is insoluble in water, which may be related to its density, so the expert's statement also denies its accuracy, thinking that it is caused by its own nature.

Third, although the relevant expansion oil is insoluble in water, it does not mean that all oil will not be soluble in water, which is closely related to the water-soluble genes, generally the oil will contain water-soluble genes and water-repellent genes, if the content of water-repellent genes in the oil is too small, water-soluble genes are a lot of it means that the oil is soluble in water, on the contrary, it means that the oil is insoluble in water, we can judge according to the organic genes in it, if the oil contains CH3 or C2H5, it means that the oil is water-repellent and insoluble in water.

Because they don't have the same density, different material structures, different weights, and the Van der Waals forces of the two of them are also different.

I know, it may be because there will be a different extract between water and oil, and the expansion power of water and oil are very different, so the two will be incompatible.

Because the density of oil and water is not the same, water is a polar molecule, while oil is a non-polar molecule, and the two are difficult to miscomble.

The main reason is that the density between the two is not the same, at this time there is no way to fuse, one density is high and the other density is relatively low, in this case, if you want to fuse, then you need to change the density.

Because the density of oil and the density of water are different, they cannot be combined.

This is because oil is organic, but water is inorganic, so the two substances cannot be integrated at all.

For those who cook rice a lot, one of the things that often finds that vegetable oil is not easy to blend with water. Naturally, it will also be found by those who do scientific experiments on a regular basis. Not only vegetable oils, but also all kinds of oils are not easily miscible with water.

Is this due to which components of the oil are mutually exclusive to water? What are the ways to combine the two? Therefore, it is necessary for everyone to carry out practical activities and discoveries based on the corresponding chemical knowledge, and to learn to summarize them well.

Oil is insoluble in water, which can be seen in everyone's daily life anytime and anywhere. For example, the basic principle of washing bed sheets with soap or washing dishes with detergent can be noticed here that water and oil are not easy to miscible during the whole process, and the presence of oil can also be seen in the water. Applied Chemistry.

Knowledge can be expressed as oil and water are incompatible, because the molecular structure of oil and the kinetic energy released by water can replace the lost kinetic energy of others, so in everyone's daily life, in the neat link, it is not surprising to find that there is a situation that is not easy to water.

According to the expertise of organic chemistry, the more similar the structure of a chemical substance, the less difficult it is to dissolve in the specific steps and the difficulty of dissolving. Therefore, oil and water are not compatible, and the main reason for this is that their material structures are not similar. There are also professionals who explain that oil is insoluble in water, and its specific factors depend on the fact that the oil does not carry the universal water-soluble genes, such as -oh, -cooh, etc., and many netizens indicate that the oil is insoluble in water, which may be related to its relative density.

Relevant, then the opinion of authoritative experts denies its accuracy, and feels that it is caused by its own characteristics.

Although the oil is insoluble in water, it does not mean that all the oil is not easy to dissolve in water, which is closely related to the water-soluble genes in it, generally the oil will have water-soluble genes and water-repellent genes, if the water-repellent gene components in the oil are too small, the water-soluble genes are many to indicate that this kind of oil is soluble in water, in turn, it means that this kind of oil is insoluble in water, we can distinguish according to the organic chemical genes in it, if the oil has CH3 or C2H5, it means that this kind of oil is hydrophobic, insoluble in water.

You know, because oil contains a substance that can disperse water molecules, and the gap between them is relatively large, so oil cannot be dissolved in water.

I know that because the density of oil is not the same as the density of water, oil does not dissolve in water.

This is because the density is not the same, so there is no way to dissolve in water, and it is related to the density and the nature of the oil.

Why is oil insoluble in water? This seemingly simple phenomenon actually has a very broad meaning. The hydrophobic effect caused a lot of noise.

Many important phenomena, such as the structure of biofilms, stable variation and folding of proteins, also have many responses that are closely related to life.

Such as the decontamination principle of soap and detergent, the role of surfactants, phase transfer catalysts, host and guest chemistry, etc.

For example, biofilms are based on lipids such as phospholipids. In a double membrane, the hydrophobic hydrocarbon groups are all buried inside, while polar or charged.

Some of them are on the inner and outer surfaces, and get along with the water environment inside and outside the middle dig. This structure allows for the rapid exchange of water between the inside and outside of the membrane, as well as for organisms.

The membrane is not dissolved by water, which ensures the stability of the biofilm.

Another example is the stabilization and denaturation of spherical proteins, which are composed of many different amino acids linked in a certain sequence.

The peptide chain is formed by folding and has a certain spatial structure. There are a total of 20 kinds of amino acids, some of which are hydrophilic and some are hateful.

Aqueous. For water-soluble spherical proteins, its hydrophobic amino acid side chains are typically embedded in the protein**, while hydrophilic amino acids are.

It is exposed to the surface and in contact with the water environment, so that the spherical protein formed dissolves in water.

From the above, it can be clearly seen that non-polar molecular oils are insoluble in polar molecular water.

From a thermodynamic point of view, dissolution can be divided into two steps:

1.The discrete of solute molecules or ions requires endothermic heat to overcome the attraction between the original particles;

2.A new combination between solvent molecules and solute molecules is carried out, which is the process of solvation.

It can be seen that when oil and water are miscible and sell auspicious nuclei, the weak van der Waals force between oil molecules and the van der Waals force between water molecules and part of the oil molecules need to be destroyed first.

strong hydrogen bonding; The weak van der Waals force between the oil molecule and the water molecule is then formed. The latter is generally considered insufficient to compensate for the loss of energy in the former.

Measure. Therefore, the process should be endothermic, i.e., the enthalpy should be positive, at least close to zero. And due to the mixing of the two phases, the degree of chaos increases, and the entropy responds.

Increase. Therefore, the traditional theory is expressed by chemical thermodynamics as "the immiscible between oil and water is "due to the weak formation between oil molecules and water molecules."

The energy released by the force is not enough to compensate for the energy required when the strong force between the water molecules is destroyed. "If" package.

Including all enthalpy changes, h is likely to be positive", i.e., the dissolution process is endothermic, enthalpy increase, and it is the enthalpy that drives the abatement.

The occurrence of the water effect.

Are you satisfied with the above?

Because "those who are similar dissolve". That is, the more similar the structure of the substances, the easier it is to dissolve. Because the dissolution process is the process of dismantling solvent molecules, disassembling solute molecules, and combining solvents with solute molecules (solvation).

The more similar the structure of the solute and the solvent, the smaller the change in the force around the molecule before and after dissolution, the more likely such a process will occur, while the structure of oil and water is not similar, so they are incompatible.

For example, water and ethanol are both molecules formed by linking an OH group and another small group, which can be said to be very similar in structure, so they are infinitely miscible with each other; Although both water and pentanol contain OH groups, the hydrocarbon chain of pentanol is quite long, so they are only limited in compatibility.

Another example is the stability and denaturation of spherical proteins, in which a polypeptide chain composed of many different amino acids connected by a certain sequence is folded and formed, with a certain spatial structure. There are twenty kinds of amino acids, some of which are hydrophilic and some of which are hydrophobic.

For water-soluble spherical proteins, the hydrophobic amino acid side chains are usually embedded in the protein**, while the hydrophilic amino acids are exposed on the surface and in contact with the aqueous environment, thus making the formed spherical protein soluble in water.