The story of scrutiny in the history of literature

Do you know any other stories of "scrutiny" in the history of literature? Give a light example and explain the meaning of "scrutiny" in short language.

The Tang Dynasty poet Jia Dao, the word Langxian (a Lang Xian), failed the exam when he was young, and once became a monk, and his legal name was not available. Later, he also took the exam, but he was not admitted to the "Jinshi", and only served as a petty official such as the "Yangtze River Master Book", and the doctor was poor and sad. His poetry style is clear and beautiful, and he pays great attention to forging words and refining sentences.

Sui and Tang Jiahua", "Tang Poetry Chronicle" and "Tiaoxi Yuyin Conghua" all contain such a story from him: Jia Dao went to Beijing (Chang'an) because of the entrance examination. One day, riding a donkey, while walking, while chanting poetry, suddenly got two sentences:

The bird stays in the tree by the pool, and the monk pushes the moon down the door. Jia Dao himself thinks these two sentences are not bad. However, I feel that the word "push" in the next sentence is not good enough:

Since it is the night under the moon, the door should have been closed a long time ago, I am afraid that it will not be able to be opened, so it is better to change it to "the monk knocks on the door under the moon". Thinking about it in my heart, I repeated it in my mouth: "Monk pushes ......."The monk knocked on ......His right hand also unconsciously followed the performance:

One moment he stretched out his hand to push, and the other time he raised his hand to knock on it. At this time, the famous writer, "Jing Zhaoyin" and "Servant of the Ministry of Officials" Han Yu happened to pass by, and the honor guard came over with a hug. According to the rules of the time, when a dignitary passed by, pedestrians had to stay away and give way, otherwise they would commit a crime.

Jia Dao was fascinated by his poem at this time, but he didn't realize it, and when he got close, it was too late to avoid it, so he was immediately twisted by the servants and brought to Han Yuma. Han Yu asked the reason, not only did not blame Jia Dao, but also praised him for his serious creative attitude. Regarding the words "push" and "knock", Han Yu pondered for a while and said:

Or 'knock''The word is good. The two then rode side by side and talked about the writing of poetry. Since then, they have become friends.

The idiom "scrutiny" is due to this story. Later, it was described as repeatedly studying the wording and considering the words, which was called "scrutiny". The above-mentioned poems of Jia Island, see "Title Li Ning Secluded Residence", which is a poem of five rules, and the full poem is as follows:

Idle and few neighbors, grass paths into the wasteland. The bird stays in the tree by the pool, and the monk knocks on the door under the moon. Cross the bridge to divide the wild colors, move the stones and move the cloud roots.

Coming here for the time being, the tryst is worth it.

Jia Dao of the Tang Dynasty was a famous bard poet. What is a minstrand? It is for a poem or a word in a poem, and it does not hesitate to spend effort and effort.

Jia Island once spent a few years writing a poem. After the poem was written, he burst into tears, not only happy, but also distressed himself. Of course, he didn't work so hard every time, and if he did, he wouldn't be a poet.

Once, Jia Island rode a donkey to break through the official road. He was pondering a poem called "Title Li Ning's Secluded Residence", and the whole poem is as follows:

Idle living with few neighbors, grass paths into the deserted garden.

The bird stays in the tree by the pool, and the monk knocks on the door under the moon.

Cross the bridge to divide the wild colors, move the stones and move the cloud roots.

Coming here for the time being, the tryst is worth it.

But he has another point that he can't make up his mind, that is, he thinks that the "knock" in the second sentence of "the monk knocks on the door under the moon" should be replaced with "push". But he felt that "pushing" was not appropriate, and it was better to "knock". I don't know if it's better to "knock" or "push".

His mouth was full of thought. Unknowingly, he rode a donkey into the honor guard of the great official Han Yu (one of the eight masters of the Tang and Song dynasties).

Han Yu asked Jia Dao why he was trespassing. Jia Dao read the poem he made to Han Yu, but he couldn't decide whether to use "push" or "use" in one of the sentences"Knock "Good things are said again." Han Yu listened and said to Jia Dao:

I think it's better to use 'knock', go to someone else's house, it's night, or it's polite to knock on the door! And a 'knock' word makes the night quieter and a little louder. Besides, it reads louder," Jia Dao listened and nodded repeatedly.

Not only was he not punished this time, but he also made friends with Han Yu.

Since then, scrutiny has become a common word used to make a popular word, used as a metaphor for pondering and considering repeatedly when making an article or doing things.

Wang Anshi, the "green" of "Docking Guazhou".

Jingkou Guazhou is a water, Zhongshan is only separated by a few mountains. The spring breeze and the south bank of the Green River, when will the bright moon shine on me. (Wang Anshi's "Docking the Boat in Guazhou") The word "green" in the poem is cleverly used and has been widely praised since ancient times.

According to the records of Hongmai in the Southern Song Dynasty ("Rong Zhai Essays" continued to write volume 8), Wang Anshi successively used more than ten words such as "to", "pass", "enter", and "full", and finally chose the word "green". So, what's so good about this "green" word? It turns out that the word "green" is an adjective that expresses color, and it has become a verb used in the poem, which has a sense of color and dynamics, giving people a visual image of beauty.

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Literary Appreciation. The whole poem is titled "Docking the Boat Guazhou", which points out the poet's foothold.

The poet stood at the Guazhou ferry, looked south, and saw that the "Jingkou" on the south bank was so close to the "Zhenyin Trembling Guazhou", and there was a river in the middle. The three words "a water room" describe the swiftness of the boat and the arrival in an instant.

The second sentence "Zhongshan is only separated by ten thousand mountains", with a feeling of attachment to write his look back at Zhongshan, Wang Anshi settled in Jiangning with his father Wang Yi in the fourth year of Jing (1037), and since then Jiangning has become his resting place, and he lived in Zhongshan in Jiangning after the defeat of the first resignation. The word "only apart" is extremely close to Zhongshan.

The interval of "Wanzhong Mountain Knife" is so ordinary, reflecting the deep attachment of the poem to Zhong Shan; In fact, Zhongshan was blocked by the "Ten Thousand Mountains" after all, so the poet's eyes turned to the riverbank.

The concluding sentence "When will the bright moon shine on me", in terms of time, it is already night. The poet looked back for a long time, but did not feel that the red sun was sinking in the west, and the moon was rising. Although the scenery on the other side disappeared into the hazy moonlight, the attachment to Zhongshan deepened.

He believed that he would one day go to the old mountains and forests, so he expressed this idea in the form of a question at the end.

The opening scene of the poem not only has a sense of excitement, but also forms a powerful contrast between the proximity of space and the length of time through exaggeration, which directly approaches the emotional burst of "when will the bright moon shine on me" at the end, which has the tendency of a silver bottle to burst.

Wang Anshi felt that the word "to" in "the spring breeze and the south bank of the green river" was too dead, and he couldn't see what the scene was when the spring breeze arrived in the south of the Yangtze River, and lacked poetry. Later, after thinking about it, I felt that the word "pass" was inappropriate. Although the word "pass" is more vivid than the word "to", it writes the dynamics of the spring breeze passing by, but it is still not enough to express the eagerness of wanting to return to Jinling.

So the word "pass" was circled and changed to the word "in" and "full". After changing it more than ten times, Wang Anshi still did not find the word he was most satisfied with. He felt a little headache, so he stepped out of the cabin to enjoy the scenery and give his mind a break.

Wang Anshi walked to the bow of the boat, looking at the south of the Yangtze River, the spring breeze blowing, the grass swaying, the wheat waves undulating, it looks more vibrant, the scenery is picturesque. He felt refreshed, and suddenly saw the spring grass green, this "green" word, isn't it the word I was looking for? The word "green" expresses the vibrant and spring-like moving scene of the entire Jiangnan.

Thinking of this, Wang Anshi was so unhappy, he hurriedly ran into the cabin, took out another piece of paper, and changed the sentence "the spring breeze to the south bank of the Yangtze River" in the original poem to "The spring breeze and the south bank of the green river".

In order to highlight the hard-won word "green" that he repeatedly scrutinized, Wang Anshi specially wrote "green" a little bigger, which is very eye-catching.

A soil green healthy from the vigorous truffle chocolate.

Once, Jia Island rode a donkey to break through the official road. He was pondering a poem called "Title Li Ning's Secluded Residence", and the whole poem is as follows:

Idle living with few neighbors, grass paths into the deserted garden.

The bird stays in the tree by the pool, and the monk knocks on the door under the moon.

Cross the bridge to divide the wild colors, move the stones and move the cloud roots.

Coming here for the time being, the tryst is worth it.

But he has one thing that he can't decide, that is, he thinks that the "push" in the second sentence of "the bird stays in the tree by the pond, and the monk pushes the moon down the door" should be replaced with "knock". But he felt that "knocking" was also a bit inappropriate, and it was better to "push". I don't know if it's better to "knock" or "push".

His mouth was muttering while scrutinizing. Unknowingly, he rode a donkey into the honor guard of the great official Han Yu (one of the eight masters of the Tang and Song dynasties).

Han Yu asked Jia Dao why he broke into his honor guard. Jia Dao read the poem he made to Han Yu, but he couldn't decide whether to use "push" or "use" in one of the sentences"Knock "Good things are said again." Han Yu listened and said to Jia Dao:

I think it's better to use 'knock', even in the dead of night, visiting friends, and knocking on the door means that you are a polite person! And a 'knock' word makes the night quieter and a little louder. Besides, it reads louder," Jia Dao nodded in praise after hearing this.

Not only was he not punished this time, but he also made friends with Han Yu.

Since then, scrutiny has become a popular common word, used as a metaphor for pondering and considering repeatedly when making an article or doing things.

Scrutiny makes the language of the article more concise. More poetic and meaningful.

It seems to be saying that Han Yu of the Tang Dynasty, the monk pushed the moon down the door.

There was a poet named Jia Dao in the Tang Dynasty, who became a monk in his early years because of his poor family.

One day, Jia Dao went to the outskirts of Chang'an City to visit a friend named Li Ning. He searched along the mountain road for a long time before he touched Li Ning's home. At this moment, in the dead of night and the moonlight, his knock on the door woke the sleeping birds in the trees.

Unfortunately, Li Ning was not at home on this day, so Jia Dao left a poem "Titled Li Ning's Secluded Residence".

The next day, Jia Island rode back to Chang'an on a donkey alone. Halfway through, he remembered the little poem he wrote improvised last night, and felt that the word "push" in "The bird stays in the tree by the pool, and the monk pushes the moon down the door" is not used properly, and perhaps it is more appropriate to use the word "knock" instead. Jia Dao rode a donkey, groaning, knocking on the door, pushing the door, and unknowingly entered Chang'an City.

The people on the street were very amused when they saw him like this.

At this time, Han Yu, who was working as an official in the capital, came forward surrounded by the honor guard. Pedestrians and vehicles all avoided one after another, and Jia Dao rode on a donkey to make a gesture and broke into the guard of honor.

Two messengers brought Jia Dao to Han Yu. Han Yu asked, "Why did you ram my honor guard?" ”

Then, Jia Dao told Han Yu about writing poems, and said that he was hesitating, not knowing whether it was better to use "push" or "knock". Han Yu is also a famous poet, so he thought about it with great interest. After a while, he said to Jia Island:

It's better to use the word 'knock'. Visiting friends on a moonlit night, even if the door of a friend's house is not latched, you can't push the door recklessly, knocking on the door shows that you are a polite person. Besides, the word 'knock' can better set off the tranquility of the moonlit night, and it is louder to read.

Jia Dao listened and nodded repeatedly.

Later, people called the consideration of words when writing poems and essays "scrutiny".

The story of the monk knocking on the door under the moon and the monk pushing the door under the moon.

One day, Jia Dao was in the capital city of Chang'an, riding a donkey on the street, casually chanting a poem, two of which were:

The bird stays in the tree in the pool, and the monk pushes the moon down the door. ”

Jia Dao felt that the word "push" in the poem was not used properly enough, and wanted to change the word "push" to the word "knock", but he didn't know which word was good for a while. So, while thinking, I repeatedly pushed and knocked on the door with my hands. Pedestrians on the street were surprised to see Jia Dao's expression.

When Han Yu saw it, he said to Jia Dao very angrily: "Why do you ride a donkey with your head down and don't look ahead?" ”

Jia Dao was startled, hurriedly got off the donkey, apologized to Han Yu, and told the poem he had just obtained on the donkey because of the words "push" and "knock", thinking intently, and not avoiding it.

After hearing this, Han Yu turned his anger into joy, and after thinking for a while, he said, "It's good to type!" When everything is asleep and silent without a sound, the knock on the door is even more silent in the dead of night. ”

Jia Dao thanked again and again, and set the poem as "the monk knocks on the door under the moon".

The word "scrutiny" is derived from the story of the Tang Dynasty poet Jia Dao who tempered the verses, which means to ponder repeatedly.

Zheng Gu, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, wrote poems well, and was humble, so people were willing to ask him for advice. "The Teacher of One Word" is the story of him and the poet and monk.

One day, Qi was excited to take his new work "Early Plum" to ask Zheng Gu for advice:

Ten thousand trees are frozen, and the lonely roots are warm and lonely.

In the deep snow in the front village, a few branches bloomed last night.

The wind is fragrant, and the birds are glamorous.

If you respond to the law next year, you will be released first.

Zheng Gu appreciated it very much after reading it. He tasted it again and again, and was overwhelmed by Qi Ji's idea. He thought about it, and felt that "a few branches open" seemed negotiable.

Zheng Gu said: "When flowers bloom on branches, there is always a time to follow, but people don't notice it, so they mistakenly think that several branches are blooming at the same time." From the title of the poem "Early Plum", it is not too early to 'open a few branches', it is better to change it to 'one branch opens'. ”

Qi was also a famous poet at that time, and after such a reminder, he immediately understood and hurriedly said: "Wonderful, wonderful!" Changing the word "several branches" to "one branch" not only fits the theme, but also shows the proud character and high-spirited vitality of this "one branch".

It's really easy to say a word and the poetry is different, and the spirit is doubled. You are truly my 'one-word master'! ”