The difference and connection between public institution accounting and enterprise accounting

1. The role is different.

The accounting of public institutions is mainly used to deposit, withdraw and transfer money

The accounting of enterprises is used to handle all the settlements that comply with laws and regulations, including cash withdrawals and the payment of employee wages and benefits, while the general deposit account can only handle general settlement business, and cannot withdraw cash and pay employee wages and benefits.

2. The nature is different.

The accountant of the institution can handle the transfer settlement and cash deposit, but cannot handle the cash withdrawal.

Corporate accountants can deposit or withdraw funds at any time, but the withdrawn funds must be transferred to the company's basic account through a company transfer check and then withdrawn through a company cash check.

3. The purpose is different.

The purpose of public institution accounting is to determine whether the internal control of the audited entity can prevent and detect material misstatements or omissions identified in specific financial statements.

Corporate accounting, on the other hand, is designed to deal with the risk of material misstatement in the assessment. The relevance and reliability of audit evidence is required to demonstrate that controls are capable of preventing or detecting and correcting material misstatements at the level of identification. The higher the requirements for the relevance and reliability of audit evidence, the greater the scope of control testing.

4. The assessment content is different.

The accounting of public institutions mainly assesses whether they can conscientiously implement the constitution, laws and decrees of the state, whether they have the moral character that staff should have, whether they have the professional skills to do their own work well, and whether they have the necessary cultural knowledge and practical work ability.

The main assessment of enterprise accounting, attendance, academic performance and work attitude, the quantity, quality and efficiency of completed tasks.

5. The content is different.

Accounting of public institutions is divided into invoice management, merchant management, check management, aging analysis, etc.

Enterprise accounting is divided into accounting scope, example accounting, auditing procedures, account setting, and accounting treatment.

Encyclopedia - Accounting for Public Institutions.

Encyclopedia - Corporate Accounting.

It is true that the accounting of administrative institutions and units is different from that of enterprises, mainly because the accounting subjects and the basis of bookkeeping are different, and they will be opened this year.

Rongshi administrative units and public institutions also implement the accounting system of administrative units and public institutions respectively.

According to the provisions of this year's new accounting system for public institutions, another difference between the accounting of public institutions and the accounting of enterprises is that public institutions should divide their funds into three parts: the part of financial subsidy funds, the part of non-financial special funds, and the part of other funds. Each part of the funds should be accounted for separately through different accounts (general ledger accounts or detailed accounts), and should not be mixed together, and the "carry-over and balance" funds should be carried out separately at the end of the year, and then transferred in accordance with the relevant regulations.

If you have not been exposed to public institution accounting, you may need someone to take it with you at first, or participate in this year's continuing education or training for public institution accounting.

Accounting of administrative institutions.

Also known as budget accounting, it has the following main characteristics compared to business accounting:

Edition l) The basis of accounting accounting is different. In budget accounting, the general budget accounting and the accounting of administrative units are based on the cash basis, and the accounting of public institutions adopts the cash basis and the accrual system respectively according to the actual situation of the unit. The accounting of enterprises is based on the accrual accounting.

2) The composition of accounting elements is different. The elements of budget accounting are divided into five broad categories: namely, assets, liabilities, net assets, revenues, and expenditures.

The elements of business accounting are divided into six categories: assets, liabilities, owners' equity, income, expenses, and profits. Even if the accounting elements have the same name, there are big differences in the content of budget accounting and business accounting.

3) The accounting equation is different.

The accounting equation for budget accounting is: assets = liabilities ten net assets;

The accounting equation of enterprise accounting is: assets = liabilities and ten owners' equity (4) The content and method of accounting have their particularities.

In budget accounting, fixed assets should generally correspond to fixed **, and depreciation is not accrued for fixed assets; Outbound investment generally corresponds to investment**; Implement special funds for special purposes; Generally, cost accounting is not implemented, and even if there is cost accounting, it is internal cost accounting; There is no accounting of profits and profit distribution, etc.

These are significantly different from corporate accounting.

The difference is huge.

bai.Budget accounting is the root du

According to the current financial situation of the enterprise, the operating results and the future economic and environmental environment and the market environment, the analysis of the future financial situation and operating results under the premise of a series of assumptions largely depends on assumptions, even if the reasonable assumptions are only assumptions, and the degree of credibility is relatively low. Industrial accounting is industry accounting, but this is also the previous classification, there used to be industrial business, etc., now it is divided into enterprise business, of course, industrial accounting is the most difficult in industry accounting, if you learn well, encounter other industries, even if you have not done it, it is easy to get started. Industrial accounting is based on known information for accounting, but it is necessary to adhere to the basic assumptions of accounting, that is, four assumptions - accounting subject assumptions, monetary measurement assumptions, accounting period assumptions, and going concern assumptions.

In addition to the basic assumptions, there are other assumptions in budget accounting, such as whether you want to predict future operating income, whether there will be changes in market demand for products, whether the changes are large, whether there are new technologies that can replace existing technologies so that product costs will fall, and so on. An important part of industrial accounting is the receipt, dispatch and storage of inventories and the carry-over of production costs, and other accounting is basically the same as that of business.

You ask the administrative unit, the accountant, the bai, and the enterprise.

DU Accounting Differences.

Zhi Answer: There is a difference between administrative unit accounting dao and enterprise accounting, administrative unit accounting should be in accordance with the right accounting method should be in accordance with the "cash accounting system" and enterprise accounting should be in accordance with the "accrual accounting system", this is the fundamental difference, if the above two accounting systems are clear, everything is understood, I will not say much here, if there is still something unclear, please ask.

1. The accounting premise of these two systems is the same, which is mainly manifested in: accounting entity, going concern activities, segmentation and accounting currency. Accounting principles, both of which have the principles of authenticity, completeness, timeliness, relevance, comparability, and materiality.

Although there are differences in the elements of accounting, the content and methodology are broadly the same.

Second, the refusal to know the same is mainly reflected in:

1. The basis of accounting is different. The accounting of enterprise units implements the accrual system, while the accounting of administrative institutions mostly implements the cash system. **Accounting consists of budget accounting and financial accounting.

Budget accounting implements a cash system, and if there are other provisions, follow those provisions. Financial accounting is based on the accrual basis.

2. The accounting elements are different. The accounting elements of public institutions are divided into five categories: assets, liabilities, net assets, income and expenditure. The elements of business accounting are divided into six categories; i.e. assets, liabilities, owners' equity, revenue, expenses, and profits.

3) The accounting equation is different. The accounting equation of a public institution is "assets + expenditure = liabilities + net assets + income", which is a dynamic equation that reflects the balance of income and expenditure and the appreciation of net assets in the course of business operations.

Because the funds of public institutions are mainly obtained through the appropriation of funds from the higher levels, it is necessary to strictly supervise the consumption of various expenditures, so it is necessary to adopt a dynamic equation, and the balance sheet is also based on this equation.

The accounting equation of an enterprise is "assets = liabilities + owners' equity", and this equation is a net equation, which reflects the quantitative relationship between the accounting elements and the frank and crude consumption, reflects the attribution relationship of the enterprise's assets, and shows that the enterprise and the owner exist independently. At the same time, it is also the theoretical basis for the preparation of the balance sheet. Stool defeated.

4. Enterprise accounting has tax-related content, and the general administrative institutions do not involve taxation because they do not operate business, and at most collect and pay individual income tax.

From the accounting point of view, business accounting is 6 elements: assets, liabilities, owners' equity, income, expenses, and profits.

There are five elements in the accounting of public institutions: assets, liabilities, net assets, income, and expenditure.

The accounting treatment of public institutions is simpler than that of enterprise units.

Public institutions have state appropriations and self-collection and self-payment.