Why do matches go on at the touch of a match? What is a match

The match can be struck because the head on the matchstick and the friction surface on the matchbox are relatively coarse, so when the two sides rub together, a lot of frictional heat will be generated. At this time, the red phosphorus on the friction surface is burned first, and under the influence of this heat, the match can be burned due to the decomposition of sulfur at the head of the match stick and potassium chlorate, which produces oxygen. That is to say, the red phosphorus on the friction surface of the matchbox is fired once, and then the second fire is carried out under the action of oxygen on the match head and fuel-sulfur, so that the match can be struck.

However, there are matches that can be struck even without rubbing the surface. The components in safety matches are: match heads are mainly composed of oxidants (KCLO3), flammable substances (such as sulfur, etc.) and adhesives.

The sides of the matchbox are mainly composed of red phosphorus, antimony trisulfide, and binder. When the match is struck, the match head and the side of the matchbox rub and heat, and the heat released makes KCLO3 decompose, producing a small amount of oxygen, making the red phosphorus fire, thereby causing the flammable materials (such as sulfur) on the firewood head to burn, so that the match is struck. The advantage of safety matches is that they separate red phosphorus from chemicals, which is not only safer, but also non-toxic to the chemicals used.

So it is also called a safety match. At present, match heads mainly contain potassium chlorate, manganese dioxide, sulfur and glass powder. The matchstick is coated with a small amount of paraffin.

The friction layer on both sides of the matchbox is made of red phosphorus and glass powder. The main process of match ignition is: when the match head is struck on the matchbox, the heat generated makes the phosphorus burn; The heat emitted by the combustion of phosphorus decomposes potassium chlorate; The oxygen liberated by potassium chlorate reacts with sulfur; The heat emitted by the reaction of sulfur with oxygen ignites the paraffin wax and eventually sets the matchstick on fire.

The reason why the match catches at once is because there are things that burn easily on the match head and the side of the matchbox. The sides of the matchbox are coated with something called red phosphorus, which burns easily. When you rub the side of a matchbox with a matchhead, the heat generated by the friction causes the red phosphorus to burn.

On the top floor! I saw what was reported in Guangzhou.

The friction surface on the head on the matchstick and on the matchbox are relatively coarse, so when the two sides rub against each other, a lot of frictional heat is generated. At this time, the red phosphorus on the friction surface is burned first, and under the influence of this heat, the match can be burned due to the sulfur rising at the head of the match stick and the decomposition of potassium chlorate, which produces oxygen.

The match is struck because the side of the matchbox and the medicine in the matchhead are prone to chemical changes and ignite - the side of the matchbox is coated with red phosphorus, and the matchhead mainly contains antimony trisulfide and potassium chlorate. In peacetime, these drugs are "ambushed" on their respective "positions" and "do not move." ”

When you put the match head on the phosphorus surface, the little bit of red phosphorus that is rubbed will immediately be **. Mars drew antimony trisulfide again, and potassium chlorate was heated and hurriedly released oxygen to support their combustion, and the matches were lit. The matchstick is made of pine or poplar wood, and the front end is soaked with paraffin and rosin, so that after the match is rubbed, the flame model is easy to burn on the matchstick, and the fire time can be longer.

As long as there is a little heat (such as friction heat), the temperature of red phosphorus will rise above the ignition point, and the red phosphorus will begin to burn, playing the role of ignition.

A match was struck, and it seemed simple. However, the series of changes here is really complicated!

The red phosphorus on the match has a very low ignition point.

There are no matches anymore, and now they are all safety matches, and you have to use a matchbox to strike them.

There doesn't seem to be such a match, but there is a universal match that can be struck 10,000 times!

Nowadays, matches are all safety matches, and they can't catch fire anywhere. The match head needs to be in contact with the substance on the side of the matchbox to rub it against each other before a chemical reaction can occur, so as to burn

Theoretically, a burning match would go out immediately in weightlessness. The reason is simple: without gravity there is no convection, the hot air from combustion does not rise, and the cold air containing oxygen cannot fill in.

The oxidizer is depleted as soon as it comes into contact with the flame and the combustion is stopped.

This explanation is completely logical, and it may be that it is this logic that prevents people from verifying it in practice. No one who travels in a spaceship would think of striking matches or lighting candles.

In February 1987, the Mir space station malfunctioned – the oxygen generator** failed. Contrary to theoretical belief, the burning flame did not extinguish itself, and the astronauts had to extinguish the fire with their own hands.

After the accident, Russian and American astronauts conducted combustion experiments in weightless conditions. They lit the candle, and it continued to burn, but much slower than on the ground, except that the flame did not stretch upwards as usual, but was a standard ball with a pale blue periphery.

Since it can still burn in weightlessness, scientists must design the International Space Station with reliable fire protection in mind.

The main processes of match ignition are: (l) when the match head is struck on the matchbox, the heat generated causes phosphorus to burn; (2) The heat emitted by phosphorus combustion decomposes potassium chlorate; (3) the reaction of oxygen liberated by potassium chlorate with sulfur; (4) The heat emitted by the reaction of sulfur and oxygen ignites the paraffin, which eventually ignites the matchstick.